The genus Paravelia Breddin, 1898 (Hemiptera: Heteroptera: Veliidae) in Brazil, with descriptions of eight new species Author Rodrigues, Higor D. D. Author Moreira, Felipe F. F. Author Nieser, Nico Author Chen, Ping Ping Author Melo, Alan L. Author Dias-Silva, Karina Author Giehl, Nubia F. S. text Zootaxa 2014 3784 1 1 47 journal article 36880 10.11646/zootaxa.3784.1.1 e2f7dc5c-3b6a-4a6d-9a27-25dc6e6625f0 1175-5326 285781 BF2D8D88-FADF-4CB4-8311-A523214A1292 Paravelia spinifera Polhemus & Polhemus, 1984 ( Figs 19 B, 20E) Paravelia spinifera Polhemus & Polhemus, 1984a : 341 . [Original description] Paravelia spinifera : Heckman 2011 , 220. [Identification key] Macropterous male. BL 3.85–3.90; HL 0.50–0.60; HW 0.70–0.71; ANT I 0.67–0.70, ANT II 0.47–0.50, ANT III 0.43–0.45, ANT IV 0.50–0.51; EYE 0.22–0.23; PL 1.32–1.37; PW 1.65–1.67; FORELEG: FEM 0.90–0.92, TIB 0.91–0.92, TAR I 0.07, TAR II 0.10–0.11, TAR III 0.32–0.37; MIDLEG: FEM 1.25, TIB 1.36–1.37, TAR I 0.07, TAR II 0.16–0.18, TAR III 0.36–0.37; HINDLEG: FEM 1.46–1.50, TIB 1.62–1.65, TAR I 0.07, TAR II 0.17, TAR III 0.36–0.38. Macropterous female. BL 3.95; HL 0.50; HW 0.72–0.75; ANT I 0.67, ANT II 0.47–0.50, ANT III 0.43–0.45, ANT IV 0.50; EYE 0.23–0.25; PL 1.42; PW 1.61–1.65; FORELEG: FEM 0.87–0.92, TIB 0.90–0.92, TAR I 0.07, TAR II 0.10–0.11, TAR III 0.32–0.35; MIDLEG: FEM 1.25–1.32, TIB 1.35–1.37, TAR I 0.08, TAR II 0.17–0.18, TAR III 0.37; HINDLEG: FEM 1.50, TIB 1.75, TAR I 0.07–0.08, TAR II 0.20, TAR III 0.37–0.40. Diagnosis. General body color brown to orange brown; posterior margin of pronotum orange; pronotum with small slight pruinose areas posteriorly. Humeral angles spinose. Forewing brownish, with a narrow basal whitish macula starting from humeral angle and ending adjacent to posterior margin of pronotum; centrally with small pruinose areas between cells; at apex another pale yellow macula on central region, with slightly whitish areas surrounding it ( Fig. 19 B). Legs without spines. Male proctiger with a small median elevation. Paramere narrow at base, with rounded apex ( Fig. 20 E). FIGURE 20. Lateral view of genital capsule of male, (A) P. nieseri , (B) P. platensis , paramere in posterior view, (C) P. recens , (D) P. rotundanotata , (E) P. spinifera , (F) P. splendoris , (G) P. williamsi . FIGURE 21. Geographic distribution map for the new species of Paravelia . Discussion. This species is easily identified for being the only of the genus with spinose humeral angles ( Fig. 20 B). Another Veliinae with similar shape is Stridulivelia alia ( Drake, 1957 ) , which possesses stridulatory devices on hind femur, absent in P. spinifera . The species of the genus Steinovelia Polhemus & Polhemus, 1993 generally also bear well-developed humeri, similar to obtuse spines; however they have lateral tubercles on metasternum, absent in Paravelia . A wide variation was observed on the degree of development of the humeral spines of P. spinifera , with some specimens presenting spines much smaller than those illustrated by Polhemus & Polhemus (1984a) . Material examined. Brazil , Maranhão : 90 macropterous males, 77 macropterous females ( MZUSP ), Yavaruhu Village, Rio Gurupi, about 30 km west of Canindé, isolated trail, forest stream with mud, gravel and leaf litter, 14.II.1966 , (B. Malkin) [first record from Brazil ].