Cave species of the genus Anurida (Collembola: Neanuridae) from Korea, with the description of new species Author Lee, Inae Author Park, Kyung-Hwa text Zootaxa 2016 4184 3 589 599 journal article 10.11646/zootaxa.4184.3.12 17f3e55e-1190-4b65-9e32-8a9c10772d1d 1175-5326 165105 F22FD0AE-DBE9-43C8-87BE-1638DE2A97B6 Anurida decipiens Yosii, 1966 Figs 3–5 Anurida ( Aphoromma ) plurichaetotica decipiens Yosii, 1966 : 546 . Diagnosis. Colour in alcohol creamy white. Body shape slender, elongate. Ocelli absent. Ant IV with 14–16 blunt sensilla and trilobed apical bulb. PAO rounded with about 30–34 vesicles. Mandibles with 3 strong apical teeth, large membraneous basal tooth and variable number of smaller intermediary teeth. Chaetotaxy plurichaetotic; head and Th I–Abd IV without dorsal macrochaetae; lateral macrochaetae well developed; Abd IV ‘sensory chaetae’ s = p3. Abd VI slightly bilobed. Type locality. Korea , Gossigul (cave) [Kosi-gul Cave]. Material examined. 5 females & 3 males on slides, Gossigul (cave) ( N37°07´ 46˝ E128°31´ 57˝, 230 m above sea level, 3380 m long showing horizontal morphology) located in the cliff along Namhangang (river), Jinbyeol-ri , Kimsatgat-myeon , Yeongwol-gun , Gangwon-do Province , 21.vii.2001 ; 2 specimens on SEM stub and 10 specimens in ethyl alcohol; same locality, 24.xi.2000 , 21.vii.2001 , 21.vii.2010 ; hand collected in dark zone ( 100m from entrance) of limestone cave by Choi HG . Redescription. Body length 3.4–4.4 mm . Colour in alcohol creamy-white. Body shape slender, elongate ( Figs 3 A, 3B). Paratergites on thorax and abdomen lobed laterally. Abd VI slightly bilobed. Body integument with uniform, coarse granulation. Ocelli absent. Ant IV as in Fig. 4 F, with 14–16 curved sensilla; external ms and subapical organite present; three lobed apical papilla subterminal. Ant III and IV fused dorsally. Sensory organ of Ant III consisting of two sensory pegs ( Figs 4 F, 5D), two long outer sensilla and small ventral ms. Ant II with 13 chaetae. Ant I with 8 chaetae. PAO rounded with about 30–34 vesicles (morel-like form) ( Fig. 5 A); each vesicle with lots of perforations on SEM photo ( Fig. 5 C). Mandibles with 3 strong apical teeth in an oblique row, a large membraneous basal tooth and variable number of smaller intermediary teeth ( Fig. 4 D). Maxillary capitulum with 4 teeth (3 strong and 1 small) and three lamellae: lam.1 fine and smooth, lam.2 and 3 serrated, lam.2 longer than capitulum ( Fig. 4 C). Labral formula interpreted as 4/2334 ( Fig. 4 B). Labium with 10 chaetae on each side: apical part with 4 chaetae and 2 small, peg-like sensilla ( Fig. 4 A). Female genital plate with 16–18 microchaetae; male genital plate with about 24–25 microchaetae. Unguis with inner tooth ( Fig. 4 E). Furcal area on Abd IV with a pair of small tubercles with 1 chaeta near the basis. Chaetotaxy. Dorsal chaetotaxy plurichaetotic as in Fig. 3 B: macro and microchaetae well differentiated. Macro and microchaetae slightly serrated, sensilla long and smooth. Lateral macrochaetae strongly developed: head with 3; Th I–Th III with 1-1-1; Abd I–VI with 1-1-1-2 (3)-2 (3)-3 on each half, respectively. Thoracic tergum I dorsally with 15–16 chaetae; thoracic tergum II dorsally with 10+10 chaetae, ‘sensory chaetae’ s = p3 and m6; thoracic tergum III dorsally with 10+10 chaetae, ‘sensory chaetae’ s = p3 and m6; abdominal tergum I with 7–8+7–8 chaetae between ‘sensory chaetae s (p4); abdominal terga II–III with 6+6 chaetae between sensory chaetae s (p4); abdominal tergum IV, ‘sensory chaetae’ s = p3. Formula of ‘sensory chaetae’ s per half tergum: 022/11111. Lateral microsensilla (ms) present on thoracic tergum II, absent on thoracic tergum III. Ventral chaetotaxy as in Fig. 3 C. Tibiotarsi I, II and III with 19, 19 and 18 chaetae, respectively. Ventral tube with 6+6 chaetae. FIGURE 3. Anurida decipiens Yosii, 1966 : A, Habitus; B, Body chaetotaxy, dorsal view; C, Abdominal chaetotaxy, ventral view. FIGURE 4. Anurida decipiens Yosii, 1966 : A, Labium; B, Labrum; C, Maxillar lamellae; D, Mandible; E, Claw; F, Sensilla with Ant III & IV. Biology. It prefers dark zone of horizontal limestone cave. The cave atmosphere has a very constant temperature throughout the year: air temperature ranges from 8 to 16? and humidity ranges from 75 to 93 %. Discussion. Yosii (1966) described A. decipiens as a subspecies of A. plurichaetotica occurred in other cavesystem, but his description was incomplete. He briefly mentioned the difference in body chaetotaxy with nominotypical, but without any figure. We have examined numerous specimens from the same cave with original description, and found that this form differs from the nominotypical by many characters. It indicates that they are not conspecific. A. decipiens is similar to A. plurichaetotica in plurichaetotic body with large and small chaetae, and the shape of the maxillary lamella. But it is distinguished by the number of sensilla on Ant IV and vesicles of PAO, the shape of Abd VI and chaetotaxy. A. plurichaetotica has 48 vesicles in the PAO, while this species has about 30–34. In A. decipiens , Abd VI is bilobed and Ant IV has 14–16 sensilla, while A. plurichaetotica has a rounded Abd VI and 12 sensilla on Ant IV. Main difference between A. decipiens and A. plurichaetotica is a body chaetotaxy: A. decipiens has no macrochaeta on dorsal area of head and p1 on Abd IV is small, while A. plurichaetotica has 2+2 dorsal macrochaetae on head and p1 on Abd IV is large. A. decipiens is also related to A. speobia Yosii, 1954 described from a cave of Japan , in plurichaetotic state of the body chaetae and the absence of macrochaeta on dorsal areas from head to abdominal tergum IV, but differs by the presence of macrochaetae on head and thoracic terga I–II laterally. This species also resembles A. okamotoi , described from Japan ( Yosii, 1970 ), but clearly differs by the shape of Abd VI (bilobed in A. decipiens , truncated in A. okamotoi ) and the number of sensilla on Ant. IV ( 16 in A. decipiens , 20 in A. okamotoi ). They are also distinguished by body chaetotaxy: A. decipiens has no macrochaeta on dorsal area of head and p1 on Abd IV is small, while A. okamotoi has 3+3 dorsal macrochaetae on head and p1 on Abd IV is large. Main differences between this species and the related species are summarized in Table 1. Distribution. Korea . FIGURE 5. SEM microphotographs: A, Postantennal organ, Anurida decipiens Yosii, 1966 ; B, Postantennal organ, Anurida plurichaetotica Yosii, 1966 ; C, Detail of a PAO vesicle, showing perforations, Anurida decipiens Yosii, 1966 ; D, sensory pegs of sensory organ of Ant. III, Anurida decipiens Yosii, 1966 . TABLE]. Main đifferences between new species of Anurida anđ the relateđ species. troglodyta sp. nov. decipiens iriei (2) okamotoi (2) plurichaetotica (1) speobia (3) vicaria (3, 4) Length (mm) 3.00 3.77 3.42 4.42 4.0 3.5 3.8 2.3 4.1 Ant IV, sensilla 16 17 14 16 7 20 12 5 9 numerous Distribution Korea Korea Japan Japan Korea Japan Japan : unknown đata; A: apical tooth, B: basal tooth, I: Intermeđiary tooth; References, (1) Yosii, 1966 ; (2) Yosii, 1970 ; (3) Yosii, 1956; (4) Yosii, 1954