Revision and phylogenetic analysis of the spider genus Philisca Simon (Araneae: Anyphaenidae, Amaurobioidinae) 3443
Author
Soto, Eduardo M.
Author
Ramírez, Martín J.
text
Zootaxa
2012
2012-08-29
3443
1
1
65
https://biotaxa.org/Zootaxa/article/view/zootaxa.3443.1.1
journal article
10.11646/zootaxa.3443.1.1
11755334
5254614
Philisca robinson
new species
Figs 21–23
,
32c, d
,
35c
FIGURE 21.
Philisca robinson
new species
(EMS-00156).
a–d
female paratype (
a
dorsal habitus;
b
prosoma, dorsal view;
c
ventral habitus;
d
prosoma, ventral view).
Type material:
Holotype
male and female
paratype
from
Chile
,
Región V
(
Valparaíso
),
Archip. Juan Fernández, Is.
Robinson Crusoe, área
de Plazoleta El Yunque
,
S33.65276º
W78.84403º
(GPS, trayecto +-
25m
), elev.
299m
(barómetro),
16–20.II.2011
, bosque de
luma, M. Ramírez, E. Soto, J. Pizarro
(
MHNS
, temporary preparations, male: EMS-00156; female: EMS-00155); same locality,
1 male
and
1 female
paratypes
,
23–28.I.1992
,
S. Marshall
(
AMNH
; male EMS-00078, female EMS-00068).
Etymology:
The specific name is a noun in apposition taken from the
type
locality, which is also the name of the main character in the novel Robinson Crusoe, by Daniel Defoe.
Diagnosis:
It resembles other species of the
ornata
group by the modified male chelicerae and the epigyne with smooth, heart shaped median field close to the epigastric furrow (
Figs 35c
,
32c, d
), and is very similar to
P. pizarroi
by the contrasted coloration. It can be distinguished from the latter species by having a pattern of dark spots in the thoracic area (
Figs 21b
,
22b
) and a darker venter of the opistosoma (
Figs 21c
,
22c
). The females have the accessory bulbs closer to the spermathecae (
Fig. 32d
).
Description:
Female
(
paratype
MHNS EMS-00155): Total length 6.92. Prosoma length 2.67, width 2.07, wider between legs II–III. Tibia/metatarsus length:
I
, 1.50/1.23;
II
, 1.33/1.27;
III
, 1.13/1.40;
IV
, 1.67/2.03. Chelicerae with three teeth (middle tooth larger) on promargin, three on retromargin (basal tooth larger). Sternum length 1.40, width 1.10. Spines: leg
I
, femur d 1–1–1, p 2ap; tibia v 2–2–p1; metatarsus v 2bas.
II
, femur d 1–1–1, p d1ap; tibia v 2–2–2; metatarsus v 2bas, p d1.
III
, femur d 1–1–1, p and r d1ap; patella r d1; tibia v p1–p1–r1–2, p and r d1–1; metatarsus v 2–2–2, d 0–p1–2, p and r d1–1–1.
IV
, femur d 1–1–1, p and r d1ap; patella r d1; tibia v p1–2–2, p 1–1, r 1–1–1; metatarsus v 2–2–2, d 0–p1–2, p and r d1–1–1. Color in ethanol (
Fig. 21
): the entire specimen has a striped appearance. Prosoma and legs reddish brown, almost uniform, both with dark brown spots. Sternum brown, paler in the center. Opisthosoma yellowish brown, venter with dark brown marking with general“w” form (
Fig. 21c
). Opisthosoma length 3.99, epigastrium–spiracle 2.17, spiracle–spinnerets 0.37. Epigyne small, sclerotized, translucent (
Fig. 32c, d
). MF smooth, heart-shaped, close to the epigastric furrow. Anterior pouch wide, with short lumen. Ducts of AB long, with conspicuous gland ducts.
Male
(
holotype
): Total length 5.59. Prosoma length 2.40, width 1.83. Length of tibia/metatarsus:
I
, 1.60/1.40;
II
, 1.47/1.43;
III
, 1.07/1.30;
IV
, 1.53/1.83. Chelicerae modified (internal superior margins projecting) (
Fig. 35c
), with three teeth (middle tooth larger) on promargin, three on retromargin. Sternum length 1.28, width 1.03. Spines: leg
I
, femur d 1–1–1, p 2ap; tibia v 2–2–2; metatarsus v 2bas, p d1.
II
, femur d 1–1–1, p d1ap; tibia v 2–2–2, p 0– v1 or 0; metatarsus v 2–p1–0, p 0–d1–0.
III
, femur d 1–1–1, p and r d1ap; patella r d1; tibia v p1–2–2, p and r d1– 1; metatarsus v 2–2–2, d 0–p1–2, p and r d1–1–1.
IV
, femur d 1–1–1, p and r d1ap; patella r d1; tibia v p1–2–2 or 2–2–2, p 1–1, r 1–1–1; metatarsus v 2–2–2, d 0–p1–2, p and r d1–1–1. Opisthosoma length 2.87, spiracle– epigastrium 1.73, spiracle–spinnerets 0.30. Color in ethanol as for female described above (
Fig. 22
). Palp (
Fig. 23
): Tibia width/length 0.48, Embolus normal, thin and cylindrical (
Fig. 23
). MA long, with few small thin branches at base (
Fig. 23f, h
). PMA long and wide, pPMA simple. Conductor normal and well developed, canal vestigial, limited to tip, ending in longitudinally ridged peak, on rounded projection directed backward.
All adults and immatures have a group of thick setae on the base of ALS.
Variability:
Spines in males:
I
, tibia, v 2–2–p1; metatarsus v 2bas–p1, p 0.
III
, metatarsus v 2–0–2. Spines in females:
I
, tibia, v 2–2–0.
III
, tibia v p1–2–2; metatarsus v 2–p1–2.
IV
, metatarsus v 2–p1–r1–2, p d1–2–2.
Distribution:
Known only from the Juan Fernández Archipelago, Is. Robinson Crusoe,
Chile
.
Other material examined:
CHILE
:
Región V
(
Valparaíso
):
Archip. Juan Fernández
:
Is. Robinson Crusoe
:
same locality as holotype,
S33.65276º
W78.84403º
(GPS, trayecto +-
25m
), elev.
299m
(barómetro),
16–20.II.2011
, bosque de
luma, M. Ramírez, E. Soto, J. Pizarro
,
1 females
,
2 males
and
2 immatures
(
MHNS
)
,
1 female
and
3 immatures
(
MACN-Ar 27960
)
,
1 male
and
2 immatures
(
MACN-Ar 28460
)
,
1 female
(
MACN-Ar 28089
)
,
1 female
(
MACN-Ar 28088
)
,
1 male
(
MACN-Ar 27961
)
,
pitfall
,
3 males
(
MACN-Ar 27958
)
,
pitfall
,
1 female
and
1 immature
(
MACN-Ar 27962
)
,
pitfall
,
2 females
and
1 immature
(
MACN-Ar 27964
)
,
1 male
and
4 immatures
(
UC
)
,
2 immatures
(
MACN-Ar 27959
)
,
pitfall
,
2 immatures
(
MACN-Ar 27963
)
;
Sector Salsipuedes
,
S33.63087°
W78.84386°
(GPS, área +-
100m
), elev.
482m
(barómetro),
21.II.2011
, bosque de canelo, maqui y
luma, M. Ramírez, E. Soto, J. Pizarro
,
2 females
and
31 immatures
(
UC
)
;
same locality as holotype,
23–29.I.1992
, S.
Marshall
,
1 female
and
1 male
(
AMNH
)
;
same locality,
200–250m
Camote
side,
1–28.IV.1962
, B.
Malkin
,
3 females
(
AMNH
)
;
same locality, site 2, pans,
23–29.I.1992
, S.
Marshall
,
1 female
and
7 males
(
AMNH
)
;
same locality, wet areas nr.
Plazoleta
, pans,
24– 28.I.1992
,
S. Marshall
,
2 females
and
6 males
(
AMNH
)
;
Plazoleta El Yunque
, pans in wet areas,
23–29.I.1992
,
S. Marshall
,
14 males
(
AMNH
)
;
same locality, pans nr.
Plazoleta
campsite,
23–29.I.1992
,
S. Marshall
,
10 males
(
AMNH
)
;
same locality, site 1, open forest, pans,
24–28.I.1992
, S.
Marshall
,
1 female
and
1 male
(
AMNH
)
;
same locality, upper part;
El Yunque
trail, ferns, dung,
23–28.I.1992
,
S. Marshall
,
1 female
and
1 male
(
AMNH
)
;
same locality, slopes of
El Yunque
, fern covered,
pan traps
,
28.I.1992
,
S. Marshall
,
2 females
and
3 males
(
AMNH
)
;
same locality, site 1, open forest,
dung traps
,
23–28.I.1992
, S.
Marshall
,
1 female
and
1 male
(
AMNH
)
;
same locality,
dung traps
,
23– 29.I.1992
, S.
Marshall
,
2 males
(
AMNH
)
;
Sendero
, luego de
Mirador Selkirk
, ladera W,
S33.63749º
W78.85155º
(GPS, trayecto +-
50m
), elev.
460–539m
(barómetro),
18–20.II.2011
, bosque de luma con helechos arborescentes,
M. Ramírez
,
E. Soto
, J.
Pizarro
,
1 immature
(
MACN-Ar 28091
)
,
1 immature
(
MACN-Ar 28090
)
.