Redescription of Mymarilla Westwood, new synonymies under Cremnomymar Ogloblin (Hymenoptera, Mymaridae) and discussion of unusual wings
Author
Huber, John T.
text
ZooKeys
2013
345
47
72
http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.345.6209
journal article
http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.345.6209
1313-2970-345-47
Cremnomymar
Ogloblin
Figs 11-14, 20-38
Cremnomymar
Ogloblin, 1952: 120 (generic description, two species described, based on males);
Ogloblin 1957
: 418 (two species described, based on females);
Annecke and Doutt 1961
: 6 (key), 31 (comments); Fidalgo, 1982: 98 (comparison with
Parapolynema
);
Scolopsopteron
Ogloblin, 1952: 127 (generic description, one species based on two males); Annecke and Doutt, 1961: 6 (key), 30 (comments). syn. n.
Nesopolynema
Ogloblin, 1952: 132 (generic description, one species based on a male);
Annecke and Doutt 1961
: 6 (key), 30 (comments). syn. n.
Oncomymar
Ogloblin, 1952: 132 (generic description, one species based on a female);
Annecke and Doutt 1961
: 6 (key), 30 (comments). syn. n.
Remarks.
Ogloblin (1952
,
1957
) described seven species of Mymaride based on eight specimens from the Juan
Fernandez
Islands, all but one from Masatierra Island (Robinson Crusoe Island). Three were described from females only and four from males only.
Scolopsopteron dipteron
Ogloblin (
Ogloblin 1952
) has a fore wing of normal length but unusually narrow and a rudimentary hind wing.
Oncomymar kuscheli
Ogloblin (
Ogloblin 1957
) has a fore wing of normal width and length but strongly convex (spoon-shaped) and a rudimentary hind wing.
Nesopolynema
has a normal fore wing (hind wings missing in
Ogloblin's
specimen).
It is improbable that the Juan
Fernandez
Islands would have four endemic genera of
Mymaridae
, as treated by
Ogloblin (1952
,
1957
). Above the species category similarities must be used to define collective groups, not differences. If differences are used, then how different must something be to be placed in a different genus? "Different enough" is not an acceptable answer. If it were, the placement of species in genera of finer and finer difference would be the norm, with the result that the genus category would become almost synonymous with the species category, and each genus would contain only one or two species. Unfortunately, Ogloblin sometimes defined genera based on obvious but superficial differences that resulted in oversplitting. I am confident that all seven of
Ogloblin's
species from the Juan
Fernandez
Islands represent at most different species within a single genus. Indeed some of them have likely been described twice, once from females and once from males.
I examined forty-three specimens (not the types) of
Cremnomymar
(including the synonyms proposed above), all from Masatierra, the largest of the Juan
Fernandez
Islands. In some of the speciesthe fore wing is fully developed and flat (Fig. 11) but in others it is more or less reduced and convex (Figs 12-14). Depending on the extent of wing reduction the mesothorax is also reduced but the placoid sensilla on the scutellum are always widely separated. The pronotal structure varies from entire, sometimes with indication of a mediolongitutinal line, to being apparently completely divided medially by a complete longitudinal carina. The propodeum in short-winged specimens changes in ways that I consider to be at most of species-level significance, from strongly carinate and with a large, sublateral tooth bearing the propodeal seta, as in fully winged
Cremnomymar
(Figs 11, 12, 32) to almost smooth (Fig. 14) but still with the propodeal seta on a bump or tooth. Therefore, I propose the above generic synonymies and transfer the included species to
Cremnomymar
as
Cremnomymar caudatum
(
Ogloblin 1952
), comb. n.,
Cremnomymar dipteron
(
Ogloblin 1957
), comb. n., and
Cremnomymar kuscheli
(
Ogloblin 1952
), comb. n.
Figure 11.
Cremnomymar
sp., macropterous female, dorsal (fore wing flat). Scale line = 1000
μm
.
Figure 12.
Cremnomymar
sp., slightly brachypterous male, dorsal (forewing slightly convex, hind wing brachypterous). Scale line = 1000
μm
.
Figure 13.
Cremnomymar
sp., moderately brachypterous male, dorsal (forewing distinctly convex, hind wing micropterous). Scale line = 1000
μm
.
Figure 14.
Cremnomymar
sp., strongly brachypterous male, dorsal (forewing slightly convex, hind wing absent). Scale line = 1000
μm
.