Two new genera and six new species of Terrestrial Hydrometridae (Hemiptera: Heteroptera) from French Polynesia
Author
Polhemus, Dan A.
text
Zootaxa
2022
2022-09-27
5190
1
69
98
journal article
153854
10.11646/zootaxa.5190.1.3
0c42dd85-bdf3-4251-8b39-bab9f0bdfa28
1175-5326
7119849
4BF654E3-ABE8-47A8-920A-B32B17568A19
Prohydrometra gagnei
(J. Polhemus & D. Polhemus, 1995)
new combination
Figs. 9, 10
,
19, 20
,
27–29
Hydrometra gagnei
J. Polhemus & D.
Polhemus, 1995a: 2
.
Apterous male
. Length 6.80, width 0.50.
Color. Ground color brown to blackish-brown; abdominal mediotergites light-brown medially, matte. Head heavily tinged with blackish except at base. Thorax anteriorly and medially light colored dorsally; each laterotergite with light area anteriorly. Venter of thorax and abdomen dark-brown. Legs light-brown, antennae light-brown to brown; coxae and trochanters mostly light-brown.
Structure. Very similar to the female previously described, except somewhat narrower, and with abdominal sternum VII modified. Acetabula lacking pits. Venter without black denticles.
Proportions of legs similar to the female previously described. All legs with bristly setae, including on coxae, longer basally, but distally with setae about as long as width of segment; setae more pronounced in male than in female.
First abdominal segment short, transverse, clearly delineated by a suture posteriorly. Mediotergites longer than wide. Mediotergites VII and VII thickly set with moderate length semi-erect setae; abdominal sternum VII with two large, erect curved spines, set close together, arising near the anterior margin (
Figs. 19, 20
); segment VIII cylindrical, unmodified, without distal process.
FIGURES 27, 28
. Photographs of habitats for
Prohydrometra gagnei
on Tahiti. 27. Mt Marau, fern gulley along road to summit, 1380 m., CL 7498, J. T. Polhemus collecting from a fogging sheet set below banks of ferns. 28. Mt. Mauru, banks of
Dicranopteris
ferns along trail to summit between Pylon 3 and Pylon 4, CL 7486.
Material examined
(all micropterous).
SOCIETY ISLANDS,
Tahiti
:
1 male
,
Tahiti Nui
,
Mt. Marau
summit
,
1400 m
,
20 September 1977
,
J. Gourves
(
holotype
,
BPBM
);
2 females
,
Tahiti Nui
,
Mt Marau
, fern gulley along road to summit
,
1380 m
,
17°36'28"S
,
149°32'09"W
,
10 September 2006
, CL 7498,
D. A. Polhemus
(
USNM
);
3 males
,
8 females
, same data as preceding,
2 September 2007
, CL 7498,
D. A. Polhemus
and J.
T
.
Polhemus
(
BPBM
,
USNM
);
6 males
,
7 females
,
Tahiti Nui
,
Mt. Mauru
, trail to summit between
Pylon
3 and
Pylon
4
,
1030 m
,
17°38'04"S
,
149°22'04"W
,
6 September 2006
, 13:30–15:00 hrs., CL 7486,
D. A. Polhemus
(
BPBM
,
USNM
);
3 males
,
5 females
, same locality and date as preceding but
J. K. Liebherr
(
CUIC
)
.
Distribution
.
French Polynesia
, Society Islands, endemic to the island of Tahiti, on Tahiti Nui (
Fig. 29
).
FIGURE 29
. Distribution of
Prohydrometra
n. gen.
species in the eastern Society Islands. Triangle =
P. tohiea
n. sp.
; circle =
P. moorea
n. sp.
; squares =
P. gangei
; pentagon =
P. teatara
n. sp.
Discussion
.
Prohydrometra gagnei
may be recognized among its congeners by the pair of large, posteriorlycurved, sclerotized processes on male abdominal venrtite VII, which arise near the anterior margin of the segment and are set moderately close together. This character state is similar to that seen in
P. moorea
, but in that species the processes are somewhat removed from the anterior margin of the ventrite, and set further apart (compare
Figs. 19–21
).
Certain specimens of
P. gagnei
from Mt. Mauru, in eastern Tahiti Nui, exhibit an atypical yellowish-brown coloration (
Fig. 20
). At first it was thought that these might represent a different species, but because they are morphologically similar to the other specimens in hand, it is concluded that this color morph simply represents a degree of intraspecific variation.
Ecological notes
. Our knowledge of the habits of
P. gagnei
is based primarily on many hours of intensive collecting activity on Mt. Marau, a summit above Papeete which can be reached by a road to a radio tower, and indicates that the species is similar in its habitat preferences to the species occupying Mt. Tohiea on Moorea. The majority of the captures have come by fogging vertical exposures of dry
Dicranopteris
fern fronds along the margins of headwater gulches or upland trails (
Fig. 27
). Only
two specimens
have been taken by beating, and both of these were obtained by pushing a net deep inside
Dicranopteris
fern banks so that it penetrated the dry fronds of the interior, then beating on the overlying fern mass. This apparent preference for masses of dry
Dicranopteris
fronds is also shared by certain micropterous
Nabis
species
(
N. tahitiensis
D.
Polhemus, 2010
,
N. orohena
D.
Polhemus, 2010
,
N. tangaroa
D.
Polhemus, 2010
,
N. tiki
D.
Polhemus, 2010
) with which
P. gagnei
is frequently syntopic.
An additional series of
P. gagnei
was taken from
Dicranopteris
fern banks on Mt. Mauru, a very wet mountain lying in the eastern section of Tahiti Iti. The habits of the species at this locality were very similar to those observed at Mt. Marau above Papeete, with the specimens being obtained by fogging dense fern banks along the trail (
Fig. 28
).
The captures of
P. gagnei
at the type-locality on Mt. Marau have consisted largely of females, and it was only after a fourth visit to the summit area of Mt. Marau in 2007 that the males of the species were finally obtained there. The capture ratio of sexes to date at this site has been approximately
six females
to
one male
. By contrast, other collections of this species on Mt. Mauru, further to the east, have produced roughly similar numbers of males and females. It is not clear if males of
P. gagnei
at Mt. Marau live in slightly different microhabitats that make them less amenable than females to collection by fogging and beating, the two primary methods used to date.