Ascodesmis rosicola sp. nov. and Talaromyces rosarhiza sp. nov., two endophytes from Rosa roxburghii in China Author Zhang, Hong https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1894-8169 Department of Plant Pathology, College of Agriculture, Guizhou University, Guiyang, China & Guizhou Academy of Testing and Analysis, Guiyang, China Author Wei, Tian-Peng Department of Plant Pathology, College of Agriculture, Guizhou University, Guiyang, China Author Mao, Yu-Tao Grain and Oil Quality Testing Center of Guiyang, Guiyang, China Author Ma, Ming-Xia Guizhou Academy of Testing and Analysis, Guiyang, China Author Ma, Kai Guizhou Academy of Testing and Analysis, Guiyang, China Author Shen, Ying Guizhou Academy of Testing and Analysis, Guiyang, China Author Zheng, Mei-Juan Guizhou Academy of Testing and Analysis, Guiyang, China Author Jia, Wei-Yu Department of Plant Pathology, College of Agriculture, Guizhou University, Guiyang, China Author Luo, Ming-Yan Department of Plant Pathology, College of Agriculture, Guizhou University, Guiyang, China Author Zeng, Yan Department of Plant Pathology, College of Agriculture, Guizhou University, Guiyang, China Author Jiang, Yu-Lan Department of Plant Pathology, College of Agriculture, Guizhou University, Guiyang, China yljchsd@163.com Author Tao, Guang-Can Guizhou Academy of Testing and Analysis, Guiyang, China tgcan@gzata.cn text Biodiversity Data Journal 2021 2021-12-23 9 70088 70088 http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/BDJ.9.e70088 journal article http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/BDJ.9.e70088 1314-2828-9-e70088 8C3B110C6A945F29A9B6CF045356ACEA Ascodesmis rosicola H. Zhang & Y. L. Jiang sp. nov. Materials Type status: Holotype . Occurrence : catalogNumber: GUCC 190035.1 ; recordedBy: Hong Zhang ; Taxon : scientificName: Ascodesmis rosicola; kingdom: Fungi ; phylum: Ascomycota ; class: Pezizomycetes ; order: Pezizales ; family: Ascodesmidaceae ; genus: Ascodesmis ; Location : country: China ; stateProvince: Guizhou ; locality: Guiyang ; Identification : identifiedBy: Hong Zhang ; dateIdentified: 2021 Type status: Other material . Occurrence : catalogNumber: GUCC 190204.1 ; recordedBy: Hong Zhang ; Taxon : scientificName: Ascodesmis rosicola; kingdom: Fungi ; phylum: Ascomycota ; class: Pezizomycetes ; order: Pezizales ; family: Ascodesmidaceae ; genus: Ascodesmis ; Location : country: China ; stateProvince: Guizhou ; locality: Guiyang ; Identification : identifiedBy: Hong Zhang ; dateIdentified: 2021 Description Endophytic fungi of R. roxburghii . Asexual morph not observed. Sexual morph (Fig. 1 ) : Apothecia gregarious, superficial, sessile, 200-320 µm diameter, first hyaline, becoming brownish upon maturity. Excipulum absent. Asci broadly clavate or obovoid, with a short broad stalk or a broad base, 30.5-50.0 x 12.5-21.0 µm (av. = 38.0 x 19.0 µm , n = 30), 6-8-spored. Ascospores irregularly arranged, ellipsoid to perfectly spherical (length/breadth ratio 1.01-1.69, av. 1.32), at first hyaline, brownish upon maturity, 5.0-13.0 x 4.5-10.0 µm (av. = 10.5 x 8.0 µm , n = 30), at first smooth, later ornamented with a very variable pattern of isolated warts and spines, occasionally with a few fine connectives and one or two very obvious simple or branched ridges extending over the major part of the ascospore surface, very few without ridge. Paraphyses septate, simple and hyaline, 3.5-6.5 µm thick. Cultural characteristics: Description based on GUCC 190035.1. On PDA, reaching 6.0-7.5 cm in diameter after 14 days of cultivation in dark at 28°C, superficial, margin irregular, white, with abundant aerial mycelium, uneven, centre and margin uplifted; reverse yellowish. On MEA, 28°C: medium sparse, circular, flat. Mycelium white, cottony, margin regular. On OA, 28°C: radial, aerial mycelium sparse, pale white, growth regular. On MEA and OA, reaching 85 mm in diameter under the same conditions. Etymology The name refers to the host plant, Rosa roxburghii , from which this fungus was isolated. Notes Ascodesmis rosicola is introduced as a new species, based on morphological characteristic and phylogenetic analysis. The genus Ascodesmis , established by Tieghem (1876) , presently contains 13 species ( Trivedi et al. 1973 , Brummelen 1981 , Currah 1986 ), but these species have no available sequence data, except A. microscopica , A. nigricans and A. sphaerospora . In the phylogenetic analyses (Fig. 2 ), using the combined ITS, LSU and RPB2 sequence data of Pezizales , A. rosicola is related to Ascodesmis spp. The two A. rosicola isolates clustered with good support (BS = 94, PP = 1) and placed in a distinct clade, albeit with moderate support (BS = 61, PP = 0.92). This species shows some similarity to A. porcina in having ascospores with a conspicuously simple or branched ridge extending over the most part of the spore surface, which is well separated from other Ascodesmis spp. However, A. rosicola differs from A. porcin by its smaller asci (30.5-50.0 x 12.5-21.0 µm vs. 65-80 (-90) x 20-30 (-35) µm ) and smooth surface of young ascospores (those of A. porcin are ornamented) ( Brummelen 1981 ). Moreover, the hosts of A. rosicola and A. porcin (from the dung of donkey, goat, peccary, pig and rat) ( Brummelen 1981 ) were notably different.