Systematics of the east Palaearctic pear psyllids (Hemiptera: Psylloidea) with particular focus on the Japanese and Korean fauna
Author
Cho, Geonho
Author
Burckhardt, Daniel
Author
Inoue, Hiromitsu
Author
Luo, Xinyu
Author
Lee, Seunghwan
text
Zootaxa
2017
2017-12-04
4362
1
75
98
journal article
31253
10.11646/zootaxa.4362.1.4
5a1b1966-f70a-4b72-9f37-d9fd846fdf84
1175-5326
1076256
7E7C287A-7747-4791-B1E1-73FFF323B789
Cacopsylla burckhardti
Luo
et al.
(
FIGS. 1−2
,
9−10
,
15−21, 23, 25, 27, 29, 31
)
Psylla pyrisuga
sensu
Kuwayama, 1908
: 165
;
Shinji, 1944
: 448
;
Sasaki, 1954
: 35
;
Miyatake, 1964
: 27
, nec
Foerster, 1848
: 78
.
Psylla
(
Thamnopsylla
)
pyrisuga
sensu
Kwon, 1983
: 42
, nec
Foerster, 1848
: 78
.
Cacopsylla pyrisuga
sensu Park, 1996: 272
;
Inoue, 2010
: 352
;
Kwon
et al
., 2016
: 134
, nec
Foerster, 1848
: 78
.
Cacopsylla burckhardti
Luo
et al
., 2012
: 62
.
Material examined. Japan:
HOKKAIDO: 5 ♂, 5 ♀, SAPPORO CITY, TOYOHIRA-KU, TOYOHIRA PARK,
16.VI.2005
,
Pyrus communis
(M. SAITOH), (NIFTS, DRY AND SLIDE MOUNTED); HONSHU: 61 ♂, 34 ♀, AOMORI PREF., SANNOHE-GUN, GONOHE-MACHI, ÔGIDA, NAGASHITA (ALT. 140 M),
9.VI.2011
,
P. pyrifolia
VAR.
culta
(T. MURAI), (NIFTS, DRY MOUNTED, 99.5% ETHANOL); 27 ♂, 26 ♀, 14 IMMATURES, SAME DATA bUT
19.VI.2012
,
P. communis
, (DRY AND SLIDE MOUNTED, 70% ETHANOL); 32 ♂, 31 ♀, 30 IMMATURES, YAMAGATA PREF., SAGAE CITY, SHIMA (ALT. 95 M),
13.V.2015
,
P. communis
(M. TAKAbE), (NIFTS, DRY AND SLIDE MOUNTED, 99.5% ETHANOL); 25 ♂, 29 ♀, 70 IMMATURES, IbARAKI PREF., TSUKUbA CITY, FUJIMOTO (ALT. 25 M),
6‒21.V.2004
,
P. pyrifolia
VAR.
culta
(H. INOUE), (NIFTS, DRY AND SLIDE MOUNTED, 99.5% AND 70% ETHANOL); 123 ♂, 143 ♀, 235 IMMATURES, NAGANO PREF., SHIMOINA-GUN, TAKAMORI-MACHI, SHIMOICHIDA (ALT. 560 M),
23.V.2012
,
P. pyrifolia
VAR.
culta
,
P. communis
AND
P. calleryana
(H. INOUE), (NIFTS, DRY AND SLIDE MOUNTED, 99.5% AND 70% ETHANOL); 33 ♂, 33 ♀, 5 IMMATURES, TOTTORI PREF., TÔHAKU-GUN, HOKUEI-CHÔ, YURASHUKU (ALT. 20 M),
8.V.2013
,
P. pyrifolia
VAR.
culta
(K. NAKADA), (NIFTS, DRY AND SLIDE MOUNTED, 99.5% AND 70% ETHANOL); SHIKOKU: 1 ♂, 1 ♀, EHIME PREF., MATSUYAMA CITY, HIGASHINO,
22.III.1953
(K. SASAKI), (NIFTS, DRY MOUNTED).—
South Korea:
2 ♂, 2 ♀, Gyeongsangnam-do, Mt. Jirisan,
14.vii.1981
(Y.J. Kwon), (NIBR, dry mounted); 1 ♂, 1 ♀, Jeollanam-do, GWANGJU-SI,
18.V.1982
(Y.J. KWON), (NHMB, DRY MOUNTED; IDENTIFIED AS
Psylla pyrisuga
); 1 ♀, same data but (NIBR, DRY MOUNTED; IDENTIFIED AS
Psylla pyrisuga
); 3 ♂, 1 ♀, Jeollanam-do, Naju-si,
18.iv.1985
,
P. pyrifolia
VAR.
culta
(H.G. Goh)
, (NAAS, dry mounted); 3 ♂, 9 immatures, Gangwon-do, Inje-gun, Girin-myeon, Bangdong-ri,
8.VI.2013
,
P. pyrifolia
VAR.
culta
(Y.R. Lee)
, (SNU, dry and slide mounted, 95% ethanol); 4 ♂, 5 ♀, Gangwon-do, HONGCHEON-GUN, NAE-MYEON, GWANGWON-RI,
6.VI.2015
,
P. ussuriensis
(G. CHO)
, (SNU, DRY AND SLIDE MOUNTED, 95% ethanol); 43 ♂, 45 ♀, 51 immatures, Gangwon-do, Hongcheon-gun, Nae-myeon, MyeonggAE-RI,
7.VI.2015
,
P. ussuriensis
(G. CHO)
, (SNU, DRY AND SLIDE MOUNTED, 95% ETHANOL); SAME DATA bUT 1 ♂, 1 ♀ (NHMB, DRY MOUNTED); 2 ♂, 3 ♀, SAME DATA bUT
18.V.2016
,
P. ussuriensis
(G. CHO)
, (SNU, IN 95% ETHANOL); 1 ♂, 1 ♀, GANGWON-DO, INJE- GUN, INJE-EUP, GAA-RI, SAN 1,
16.VII.2015
, (G. CHO), (SNU, IN 95% ETHANOL); 3 ♂, 5 ♀, GANGWON-DO, INJE-GUN, BUK- MYEON, HANGYE-RI, MORANGOL, 38°08'30.96"N 128°16'04.93"E, 550 M,
24.IV.2016
,
P. ussuriensis
(G. CHO)
, (SNU, IN 95% ETHANOL); 2 ♂, GANGWON-DO, INJE-GUN, GIRIN-MYEON, JINDONG-RI, GOMbAERYEONG, 38°02'21.61"N 128°28'10.25"E, 1100 M,
24.IV.2016
,
P. ussuriensis
(G. CHO)
, (SNU, IN 95% ETHANOL).
Diagnosis.
ADULT. GENAL PROCESSES THICKSET (
FIG. 15
). FOREWING ObLONG-OVAL (
FIG. 16
); VEINS DARK, STRONGLY CONTRASTING WITH LIGHT MEMbRANE; APEX OF CLAVUS LACKING DARK PATCH; SURFACE SPINULES PRESENT IN ALL CELLS, LEAVING bROAD SPINULE-FREE STRIPES ALONG VEINS. MALE SUbGENITAL PLATE (
FIG. 17
), IN LATERAL VIEW, SHORT WITH WEAKLY CURVED POSTERIOR MARGIN. PARAMERE (
FIGS. 19
,
21, 23
) CLAVATE, bROAD, APICAL TOOTH SUbACUTE AND INFLEXED; ANTERIOR MARGIN EXPANDED, POSTERIOR MARGIN SINUATE; SETAE PRESENT ON bOTH INNER AND OUTER SURFACE, SPARSER AND SHORTER ON ANTERIOR MARGIN, DENSER AND LONGER IN bASAL TWO THIRDS OF INNER SURFACE AND POSTERIOR MARGIN. DISTAL SEGMENT OF AEDEAGUS (
FIGS. 20
,
25
) HOOK-SHAPED APICALLY. FEMALE PROCTIGER (
FIGS. 18
,
29
) WITH LONG SETAE IN APICAL THIRD ARRANGED IN LONGITUDINAL ROWS; TIP bROADLY ROUNDED. DORSAL AND VENTRAL VALVULAE (
FIGS. 18
,
31
) DISTINCTLY CURVED.—FIFTH INSTAR IMMATURE (
FIGS. 2
,
27
). MARGIN OF FORE AND HINDWING PAD WITH ONE AND TWO SHORT CAPITATE SETAE, RESPECTIVELY. AbDOMEN WITH THREE LARGE LATERAL AND THREE MEDIO-LATERAL FREE STERNITES ON EITHER SIDE OF MID-LINE. MARGIN OF CAUDAL PLATE WITH FIVE PAIRS OF LONG SIMPLE SETAE AND THREE PAIRS OF SECTASETAE.
Description
OF ADULT AND FIFTH INSTAR IMMATURE bY LUO
et al
. (2012). MEASUREMENTS AND RATIOS SEE TAbLE 2.
Distribution.
JAPAN
:
HOKKAIDO
; HONSHU; SHIKOKU; NO RELIAbLE RECORDS FROM KYUSHU.—
SOUTH KOREA
:
GYEONGGI-DO
,
GYEONGSANGNAM-DO
,
JEOLLANAM-DO
(
KWON 1983,
AS
Psylla
(
Thamnopsylla
)
pyrisuga
); WITHOUT DETAILS (
SHINJI 1944
,
AS
Psylla pyrisuga
; PARK 1996; KWON
et al
. 2016,
AS
Cacopsylla pyrisuga
); GANGWON-DO.—
CHINA
(
GANSU
).
Host plants.
Pyrus calleryana
DECNE.,
P. communis
L.,
P. pyrifolia
VAR.
culta
(MAKINO) NAKAI,
P. ussuriensis
MAXIM. EX RUPR. (
ROSACEAE
).
FIGURES 1−8.
Habitus of Korean pear psyllids.
1.
Cacopsylla burckhardti
(adult male).
2.
Cacopsylla burckhardti
(immatures).
3.
Cacopsylla jukyungi
(adult female, summer form).
4.
Cacopsylla jukyungi
(adult female, winter form).
5.
Cacopsylla maculatili
(adult male, summer form).
6.
Cacopsylla maculatili
(adult male, winter form).
7.
Cacopsylla sandolbaea
(adult male).
8.
Cacopsylla sandolbaea
(immature).
. # %
Cacopsylla
’
C. burckhardti
C. jukyungi C. jukyungi
C. maculatili C. maculatili
C. sandolbaea
# % # % # % # %
! C!!
#7J% 2,N!
2 22N
, N 2C 2CN,A 2CN,C 2!N,! #3 %! N! F2! F N! FA!!CN!! C N! 2F! F,N! C A N! F #J % F 2NF F N,! A N F CANF F2N ,!CN 2, #. % N F2N FA FFN FA F N F, F!N F FFN F2 #) %,!N A CAN CCN N C2N !N ,
G O FN C2!CN AN F! N FF! AAN FF!N FC O9 G 2AN!! AAN! !!,2N! 2 AFN!! A N! !!, N!
O7J!!N!!! !N! 2,! !N! 2C! A!N A! ,N!! !!N! A
O F!2 C N,A!2 FFN!A A!A ,N F,!, C2N 2!2 N!, 2! A N C
O F!N F N CA N,N 2C N!AN 2
O7J F 2N F2, NF!, NF! F CNF 2 F CNF A NF C!
! # O %! A2N 2! 2 N !!CN!,!!N!,! CN! 2,!!CN!,
! # O %!,N!A! 2AN F2!, N!C!, N F! CN! ACN 2 O7J CN 2C N 2 N 2 2N,! FN 2F N 2 O. 2 N 2 2!N 2, N 2C 2N 2 FN 2 ,N 2, O. N , 2!N 2A 2 N,! 2
N 22 2
!N, 22N A!
O F FNF 2F ANF F F2NF F N CCNF 2F! N
O! AN! 2! CFN A! FN! C! CCN! CC! C2N! ,,! FFN! C
C. burckhardti
C. jukyungi
C. maculatili
C. sandolbaea
C C C C
#6 % F,N 2! N! 2!,CN,! 22N A
#3 % ,,N!! ,N 2C 2AN A ,N 2
#) % AN! F CAN 2 N 2A 2FN,2
O6J!!AN! F!! N! FC! N! FA! N! FC
O3! N!!, N,A 2AN ,,!,N!!2
O3 F2N FCN F2 FCN F N,
JO" C!N C,! N! 2! C N! F! AN!
JO(J F NF 2 F A N! C,NC 2 C N FC
Remarks.
Psylla
OR
Cacopsylla pyrisuga
FROM JAPAN (
KUWAYAMA 1908
;
MIYATAKE 1964
;
INOUE 2010
) AND KOREA (
SHINJI 1944
;
KWON 1983
; PARK 1996; KWON
et al
. 2016) ARE MISIDENTIFICATIONS OF
C
.
burckhardti
, AS WAS SUGGESTED bY LUO
et al.
(2012). THE RECORDS OF
C. pyrisuga
FROM THE RUSSIAN FAR EAST (
KONOVALOVA 1988
;
GEGECHKORI & LOGINOVA 1990
) PRObAbLY ALSO CONCERN
C. burckhardti
.
C. burckhardti
IS MORPHOLOGICALLY SIMILAR TO THE WEST PALAEARCTIC
C. pyrisuga
. IT DIFFERS FROM THE LATTER, AS ADULT, IN THE PARAMERE WHOSE ANTERIOR MARGIN IS MORE PRODUCED AND POSTERIOR MARGIN IS MORE SINUATE (
FIGS. 21‒24
), THE APICAL DILATATION OF THE DISTAL PORTION OF THE AEDEAGUS WHICH IS SLIGHTLY LONGER AND MORE ANGULAR (
FIGS. 25, 26
), THE TIP OF THE FEMALE PROCTIGER (
FIGS. 29, 30
) WHICH IS MORE bROADLY ROUNDED, THE DORSAL AND VENTRAL VALVULAE (
FIGS. 31, 32
) WHICH ARE STRONGLY CURVED, AND, AS FIFTH INSTAR IMMATURE, IN THE FOREWING PAD (
FIGS. 27, 28
) WHICH IS SLIGHTLY ANGLED ANTERIORLY AND IN THE MIDDLE OF THE OUTER MARGIN (SEE ARROWS), RATHER THAN ROUNDED AND ALMOST STRAIGHT.
C
.
burckhardti
, AS
C. pyrisuga
, IS UNIVOLTINE AND OVERWINTERS AS ADULT ON CONIFERS. THERE ARE NO REPORTS OF THIS SPECIES DAMAGING CULTIVATED PEARS IN KOREA. WHEREAS IN JAPAN, THIS SPECIES IS A COMMON PEST OF CULTIVATED PEARS (
MIYATAKE 1979
), THIS IS NOT THE CASE IN KOREA.