<document id="8DB5961FEE5EC4E45EF2903B99D2BD9D" ID-CLB-Dataset="27950" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.4521.4.1" ID-GBIF-Dataset="832ac35c-8871-4041-9321-ea7f2ae5eb41" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="2610021" ID-ZooBank="A4FD6137-25B0-43D5-845B-B4FDF4E9F5D7" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1553624231237" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Shachar, Einat, Melika, George, Inbar, Moshe &amp; Dorchin, Netta" docDate="2018" docId="AC1F87FEFFFEFF9CFF61FE87FEF8B594" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.4521.4.1.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 4521 (4)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D.9:Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleId="647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Plagiotrochus coriaceus" docType="treatment" docVersion="8" lastPageNumber="477" masterDocId="5026FF86FFE4FF86FFF6FFE8FFBAB733" masterDocTitle="The oak gall wasps of Israel (Hymenoptera, Cynipidae, Cynipini) - diversity, distribution and life history" masterLastPageNumber="498" masterPageNumber="451" pageNumber="477" updateTime="1698713837181" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:title id="CE03AE804FBDE8FC0A7CCE2D464DABC4">The oak gall wasps of Israel (Hymenoptera, Cynipidae, Cynipini) - diversity, distribution and life history</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="93FB6D79AABEE44825ACA0BDB28B6B0E">Shachar, Einat</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="377BD0D61F3A1743310E4D35556B63CD">Melika, George</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="D40D822B0DEB5C21D909258A97C87289">Inbar, Moshe</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="EF71206BFB63688785DC455DB92871D0">Dorchin, Netta</mods:namePart>
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<treatment id="AC1F87FEFFFEFF9CFF61FE87FEF8B594" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5949971" ID-GBIF-Taxon="154498915" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5949971" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:AC1F87FEFFFEFF9CFF61FE87FEF8B594" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/AC1F87FEFFFEFF9CFF61FE87FEF8B594" lastPageNumber="477" pageId="26" pageNumber="477">
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<heading id="7F418184FFFEFF9CFF61FE87FDD8B6B9" bold="true" box="[151,610,367,394]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="26" pageNumber="477" reason="1">
<taxonomicName id="E3B64D6BFFFEFF9CFF61FE87FDD8B6B9" authority="(Mayr, 1882)" baseAuthorityName="Mayr" baseAuthorityYear="1882" box="[151,610,367,394]" class="Insecta" family="Cynipidae" genus="Plagiotrochus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="26" pageNumber="477" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="coriaceus">
<emphasis id="16C2EAFAFFFEFF9CFF61FE87FDD8B6B9" bold="true" box="[151,610,367,394]" pageId="26" pageNumber="477">
<emphasis id="16C2EAFAFFFEFF9CFF61FE87FE01B6BA" bold="true" box="[151,443,367,393]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="477">Plagiotrochus coriaceus</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="40274B19FFFEFF9CFE3CFE98FDE0B6B9" author="Mayr, G." box="[458,602,368,394]" pageId="26" pageNumber="477" pagination="1 - 44" refId="ref34594" refString="Mayr, G. (1882) Die europaischen Arten der gallenbewohnenden Cynipiden. 21. Jahresberichte der Communal-Oberrealschule im I. Bezirke, Wien, 21, 1 - 44." type="journal article" year="1882">Mayr, 1882</bibRefCitation>
)
</emphasis>
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<subSubSection id="6CAC6563FFFEFF9CFF61FE5EFB1FB524" pageId="26" pageNumber="477" type="biology_ecology">
<paragraph id="240936E8FFFEFF9CFF61FE5EFC00B6FC" blockId="26.[151,1436,438,679]" box="[151,954,438,463]" pageId="26" pageNumber="477">
<emphasis id="16C2EAFAFFFEFF9CFF61FE5EFE9CB6FC" bold="true" box="[151,294,438,463]" pageId="26" pageNumber="477">Host plants.</emphasis>
<collectingCountry id="5CA17678FFFEFF9CFEDBFE5EFECAB6FC" box="[301,368,438,463]" name="Israel" pageId="26" pageNumber="477">Israel</collectingCountry>
: 
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<taxonomicName id="E3B64D6BFFFEFF9CFE8CFE5FFDA3B6FD" authorityName="Webb" authorityYear="1838" box="[378,537,438,462]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fagaceae" genus="Quercus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fagales" pageId="26" pageNumber="477" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="calliprinos">Q. calliprinos</taxonomicName>
.
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Elsewhere: 
<taxonomicName id="E3B64D6BFFFEFF9CFD51FE5FFD4BB6FD" box="[679,753,438,462]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fagaceae" genus="Quercus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fagales" pageId="26" pageNumber="477" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="ilex">
<emphasis id="16C2EAFAFFFEFF9CFD51FE5FFD4BB6FD" box="[679,753,438,462]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="477">Q. ilex</emphasis>
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and 
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<taxonomicName id="E3B64D6BFFFEFF9CFCDEFE5FFC0CB6FC" box="[808,950,439,463]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fagaceae" genus="Quercus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fagales" pageId="26" pageNumber="477" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="coccifera">Q. coccifera</taxonomicName>
.
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<paragraph id="240936E8FFFEFF9CFF31FE32FB1FB524" blockId="26.[151,1436,438,679]" pageId="26" pageNumber="477">
<emphasis id="16C2EAFAFFFEFF9CFF31FE32FEE3B6C0" bold="true" box="[199,345,474,499]" pageId="26" pageNumber="477">Life history.</emphasis>
Known only from the leaf galls of the asexual generation, which are slender, single-chambered swellings protruding on both sides of the leaf, 
<quantity id="E34E9B0DFFFEFF9CFD69FE17FD5AB525" box="[671,736,511,535]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="26" pageNumber="477" unit="mm" value="2.0">2 mm</quantity>
in diameter, sometimes in aggregations.
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<subSubSection id="6CAC6563FFFEFF9CFF31FDCAFE2CB56C" pageId="26" pageNumber="477" type="description">
<paragraph id="240936E8FFFEFF9CFF31FDCAFE2CB56C" blockId="26.[151,1436,438,679]" pageId="26" pageNumber="477">
<emphasis id="16C2EAFAFFFEFF9CFF31FDCAFEF3B508" bold="true" box="[199,329,546,571]" pageId="26" pageNumber="477">Phenology.</emphasis>
The galls develop in spring and summer and adults emerge the following spring. In 
<collectingCountry id="5CA17678FFFEFF9CFB0EFDCAFA8CB508" box="[1272,1334,546,571]" name="Israel" pageId="26" pageNumber="477">Israel</collectingCountry>
old galls were observed in May.
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<paragraph id="240936E8FFFEFF9CFF31FD82FEF8B594" blockId="26.[151,1436,438,679]" pageId="26" pageNumber="477">
<emphasis id="16C2EAFAFFFEFF9CFF31FD82FEDAB5B0" bold="true" box="[199,352,618,643]" pageId="26" pageNumber="477">Distribution.</emphasis>
<collectingCountry id="5CA17678FFFEFF9CFE98FD82FE0BB5B0" box="[366,433,618,643]" name="Israel" pageId="26" pageNumber="477">Israel</collectingCountry>
: Found once in Nahal Sfunim at the foothills of Mt. Carmel. Elsewhere: Western Mediterranean.
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</treatment>
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