A Revision of the New Zealand GenusStenosagolaBroun, 1921 (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae: Pselaphinae: Faronitae)
Author
Park, J. - S.
Author
Carlton, C. E.
text
The Coleopterists Bulletin
2013
2013-09-30
67
3
335
359
http://dx.doi.org/10.1649/0010-065x-67.3.335
journal article
10.1649/0010-065X-67.3.335
1938-4394
10100754
Stenosagola
Broun, 1921
Stenosagola
Broun 1921: 504
.
Hudson 1923: 366
,
1934: 184
; Newton and Chandler 1989: 18;
Klimaszewski
et al.
1996: 147
; Newton and Thayer 2005a; Nomura and Leschen 2006: 244.
Type
Species.
Stenosagola planiocula
Broun
(designated by Newton and Chandler 1989: 18).
Diagnosis.
Species of
Stenosagola
are polymorphic with three primary phenotypes: winged males; wingless males; and wingless females. Winged females have not been documented. Winged male specimens have longer antennomeres (
Figs. 2a
,
8a
), larger eyes (
Figs. 2d
,
8d
), longer elytra (
Figs. 2k
,
8i
), fully developed hind wings, longer meso- and metaventrites (
Figs.
2m
,
8h
), and abdominal tergite IV bearing a pair of transverse patches of microtrichia (
Figs. 2p
,
8k
). Wingless males have intermediate sized antennomeres (
Figs. 2b
,
8b
) and eyes (
Figs. 2e
,
8e
), hind wings reduced to small pads, shorter meso- and metaventrites (
Figs.
2m
, 2h
), and abdominal tergite IV lacking transverse patches of microtrichia (
Figs. 2q
,
8l
). Females have more transverse antennomeres (
Figs. 2c
,
8c
), smaller eyes (
Figs. 2f
,
8f
) and elytra (
Figs. 2l
,
8j
), hind wings, meso- and metaventrites (
Fig.
2m
, h
), and abdominal tergite IV (
Figs. 2q
,
8l
) similar to those of wingless males.
The members of
Stenosagola
may be separated from other faronite genera by the following combination of characters: smaller size, antennae, when bent posteriorly, reaching midpoint of prothorax, antennomere 5 larger than 6, 6–10 transverse, 7–10 weakly clavate (
Figs. 2a–c
;
8a–c
); head with frontal sulcus broad and open anteriorly (
Figs. 2d–f
,
4e
) or cylindrical and closed anteriorly (
Figs. 8d–f
,
10g
,
12g
); eyes largest in winged males (
Figs. 2d
,
8d
), smaller in wingless males (
Figs. 2e
,
4e
,
8e
,
10g
), and smallest in females (
Figs. 2f
,
8f
,
12g
); scutellum inverted-triangular, two setae present on posterior area (
Fig. 2j
); elytra longer than wide in winged males (
Figs. 2k
,
8i
), as long as wide in wingless males and females (
Figs. 2l
,
8j
); meso- and metaventrites with lateral mesocoxal foveae and lateral metaventral foveae (
Figs.
2m
,
8h
); abdominal tergite IV with a pair of transverse patches of microtrichia in winged males (
Figs. 2p
,
8k
; arrow), absent in wingless males and females (
Figs. 2q
,
8l
; arrow); tergite and ventrite VI larger than V and VII (
Figs. 2p–q
,
8k–l
).
KEY TO THE SPECIES OF THE GENUS
STENOSAGOLA
The key is mainly based on male specimens because most female specimens are indistinguishable based on external morphology.
1. Head with broad frontal sulcus open anteriorly (
Figs. 2d–f
,
4e
); mesoventrites without promesocoxal foveae (
Fig.
2m
); body larger,
1.4–1.8 mm
(
Fig. 1
) (
gracilis
group) .................................................................2
1′. Head with elongate frontal sulcus closed anteriorly (
Figs. 8d–f
,
10g
,
12g
); prosternum as long as wide (
Fig.
8g
); mesoventrites with promesocoxal foveae (
Fig. 8h
); body small,
1.1–1.5 mm
(
Figs. 6–7
) (
connata
group)........................................................... 9
2(1). Head dull dorsally (
Fig. 1h–i, p
); pronotum as long as wide (
Fig. 1h–i, p
)..................3
2′. Head glossy dorsally (
Fig. 1a–g, j–o
); pronotum longer than wide (
Fig. 1a–g, j–o
) ..................................................................... 4
3(2). Dorsal margin of male profemur depressed basally (
Fig.
4g
, arrow); left apical lobe of male genitalia acute, longer than right apical lobe, right apical lobe folded over left (
Fig. 4c
); recorded only from
Egmont National Park
,
Taranaki
(TK,
Fig. 5
: black circle)............
S. egmontensis
,
new species
3′. Dorsal margin of male profemur lacking depression at base; apical lobe of male genitalia with two branches; major lobe bifid apically, minor lobe divided from ventral base of main lobe, longer and slender (
Fig. 4j
); recorded only from Stewart Island (SI,
Fig. 5
: white square) ........... .................
S. stewartensis
,
new species
4(2′). Apical lobe of male genitalia not bifid (
Fig. 4i
); recorded only from Fiordland (FD,
Fig. 5
: black star) ............................. ...............................
S. eylesi
,
new species
4′. Apical lobe of male genitalia bifid (
Figs. 2s
,
4a–d, h
); recorded from mid- and southern part of North Island and northern part of South Island.................................................5
5(4′). Minor apical lobe divided from ventral base of main lobe, longer and more slender (
Fig. 4h
); recorded only from
Nelson
(NN,
Fig. 5
white circle)........................................ ........................
S. domettensis
,
new species
5′. Apical lobe of male genitalia bifid laterally, length and width variable (
Figs. 2s
,
4a–d
)........................................................6
6(5′). Right paramere broader than left (
Fig. 4b
); left apical lobe long and slender (
Fig. 4b
); recorded only from
Nelson
(NN,
Fig. 5
: black triangle) .....
S. clarkei
,
new species
6′. Left paramere broader or as wide as right (
Fig. 2s
,
4a, d
); left apical lobe shorter than right (
Figs. 2s
,
4a, d
)......................7
7(6′). Left apical lobe of male genitalia as wide as right (
Fig. 4d
); recorded only from
Wellington
(WN,
Fig. 4
: black squares) .... .............................
S. ramsayi
,
new species
7′. Left apical lobe of male genitalia narrower than right (
Figs. 2s
,
4a
)..........................8
8(7′). Right apical lobe of male genitalia broader than left, bent to left (
Fig. 2s
) .................. ...................................
S. gracilis
(Broun)
8′. Right apical lobe of male genitalia as wide as left, not bent (
Fig. 4a
)............................ ..................
S. pseudogracilis
,
new species
9(1′). Apical lobe of male genitalia bifid or branched (
Fig. 10b–d
).........................10
9′. Apical lobe of male genitalia simple (
Figs. 8p
,
10a, e–f
,
2a–f
).....................12
10(9). Left apical lobe of male genitalia longer than right (
Fig. 10d
); recorded from mid-western part of North Island (
Fig. 11
, circles) ................
S. dugdalei
,
new species
10′. Right apical lobe of male genitalia longer than left (
Fig. 10b–c
); recorded from northern part of North Island (
Figs. 9
: squares, 11: triangles) ........................... 11
11(10′). Right apical lobe of male genitalia with small process at right base (
Fig. 10b
); recorded only from
Northland
(ND,
Fig. 9
: square).......
S. northlandensis
,
new species
11′. Right apical lobe of male genitalia without small process at base (
Fig. 10b
); recorded only from
Auckland
(AK) and Coromandel (CL) (
Fig. 11
, triangle) ....... .........................
S. thayerae
,
new species
12(9′). Apical lobe of male genitalia long and slender (
Figs. 10e–f
,
12b, f
) ................13
12′. Apical lobe of male genitalia broad (
Figs. 8p
,
10a
,
12a, c–e
) .................... 16
13(12). Head of wingless male circular (
Fig.
10g
); apical lobe of male genitalia broadly bent to right, weakly bulbous apically (
Fig. 10f
) ......................
S. haunuiensis
,
new species
13′. Head of wingless male rectangular (
Fig. 8e
); apical lobe of male genitalia straight (
Figs. 10e
,
12b, f
) ................................. 14
14(13′). Frontal rostral lobe of female head simple (
Fig. 8f
); apical lobe of male genitalia modified at tip (
Fig. 10e
); recorded only from
Wellington
(WN,
Fig. 11
: square) ..............
S. tararuaensis
,
new species
14′. Frontal rostral lobe of female head with a pair of blunt processes with setae present (
Fig.
12g
); apical lobe of male genitalia simple (
Figs. 12b, f
); recorded from South Island (
Figs. 13
: square, 14: white square) ............................................................15
15(14′). Apical lobe of male genitalia extremely long and slender, 3 times broader than paramere (
Fig. 12b
) .................................. ........................
S. chandleri
,
new species
15′. Apical lobe of male genitalia long and slender, 2 times broader than paramere (
Fig. 12f
) .....
S. fiordlandensis
,
new species
16(12′). Median lobe of male genitalia at least 4 times broader than paramere (
Figs. 12c–d
) ................................................................... 17
16′. Median lobe of male genitalia approximately 3 times broader than paramere (
Figs. 8p
,
10a
,
12a, b
)..........................18
17(16). Frontal rostral lobe of female head simple (
Fig. 8f
); apical lobe of male genitalia acute anteriorly, bent to right (
Fig. 12d
); recorded only from Mid
Canterbury
(MC) and Buller (BR) (
Fig. 14
: circle) ............. ...........................
S. newtoni
,
new species
17′. Frontal rostral lobe of female head with a pair of processes with setae present (
Fig.
12g
); apical lobe of male genitalia not acute or bent at tip (
Fig. 12c
); recorded from southern part of South Island (
Fig. 14
, triangles) ...................
S. nunni
,
new species
18(16′). Apical lobe of male genitalia emarginate (
Fig. 12e
)..........
S. butcheri
,
new species
18′. Apical lobe of male genitalia not emarginate (
Figs. 8p
,
10a
,
12a
)....................19
19(18′). Apical lobe of male genitalia emarginate at tip (
Fig. 10a
) .....
S. huiaensis
,
new species
19′. Apical lobe of male genitalia simple at tip (
Figs. 8p
,
12a
).......................................20
20(19′). Apical lobe of male directly bent from main body (
Fig. 8p
); recorded from middle of North Island (
Fig. 9
, triangles) .............. ...............................
S. connata
(Broun)
20′. Apical lobe of male genitalia bent from narrow neck shaped structure (
Fig. 12a
); recorded from southern part of North Island (
Fig. 13
, triangles)........................ .............
S. pseudoconnata
,
new species