Survey of the fruits and endocarps of Icacinaceae (Lamiids, Icacinales) Author Rio, Cédric Del Author Stull, Gregory W. Author Franceschi, Dario De text European Journal of Taxonomy 2020 2020-05-14 645 1 130 journal article 22093 10.5852/ejt.2020.645 1cd473d9-9d96-438f-bab4-29c5e56f82b8 3829651 Rhyticaryum oleraceum Becc. Fig. 33.1–33.9 Material examined Specimen used for endocarp and fruit description INDONESIA • Moluccas isl.; 1938; P. Buwalda 4471 ; L [ L.2293162 ]. Fig. 33. Fruits of Icacinaceae Miers. 1–9 . Rhyticaryum oleraceum Becc. ( P. Buwalda 4471 ). 1 . Dried fruit, lateral view. 2–6 . Broken endocarp. 2 . Lateral view showing the ridges. 3 . Dorsal view showing the keel. 4 . Opposite lateral view. 5 . Apical view. 6 . Basal view. 7 . SEM image of the keel in transverse section. 8 . SEM image of the endocarp wall in transverse section. 9 . SEM image of papillae lining the locule surface. – 10–18 . Rhyticaryum racemosum Becc. ( Royen 3448 ). 10 . Dried fruit, lateral view. 11–15 . Broken endocarp. 11 . Lateral view showing a reticulate pattern of ridges. 12 . Dorsal view showing the keel. 13 . Opposite lateral view. 14 . Apical view. 15 . Basal view. 16 . SEM image of a ridge in transverse section. 17 . SEM image of the endocarp wall in transverse section. 18 . SEM image of papillae lining the locule surface. – 19–24 . Sarcostigma kleinii Wight & Arn. ( King’s Collector s.n .). 19– 21 . Broken endocarp. 19 . Lateral view showing the faint ornamentation. 20 . Dorsal view. 21 . Opposite lateral view. 22 . Apical view. 23 . Basal view. 24 . SEM image of the endocarp wall in transverse section. – 25–31 . Sarcostigma paniculata Pierre ; E. ( Poilane 6677 ). 25 . Dried fruit, lateral view. 26–30 . Broken endocarp. 26 . Lateral view showing the indistinct ornamentation. 27 . Dorsal view showing the keel. 28 . Opposite lateral view. 29 . Apical view. 30 . Basal view. 31 . SEM image of the endocarp wall in transverse section. 32. SEM image of the papillae lining the locule surface. Images taken from Del Rio (2018). Scale bars: 1–6, 10–15, 19–23, 25–30 = 10 mm; 16 = 1 mm; 7, 17, 24, 31 = 500 μm; 8 = 200 μm; 18, 32 = 100 μm; 9 = 50 μm. Fig. 33. (see full caption on page 102) Description FRUIT. Epicarp glabrous; mesocarp 260–270 µm thick when dry. Length 17–26 mm , width 10.0– 15.7 mm , thickness 7.4–10.0 mm. ENDOCARP. Cream, length ca 23.6 mm , width ca 15.7 mm , thickness ca 8.7 mm . Keel surrounding the endocarp in the plane of symmetry. Apex slightly inflated and asymmetrical in lateral view; base rounded, symmetrical. Outer surface of the endocarp ridged with three main ridges longitudinally. Ridges rounded and thin, forming a diffuse pattern, with two ridges spanning from the apex to nearly the base and a median ridge spanning from the base to nearly the apex. Primary vascular bundle positioned outside the endocarp wall. Endocarp wall 157–188 µm thick excluding ridges (ca. 420 µm including ridges). Endocarp wall with three cell layers: outermost layer with 5–7 rows of anticlinally oriented cells, cells 17.2–29.4 µm in length, followed by a layer with 2–3 rows of periclinally oriented cells, cells 15.4–24.0 µm in width; innermost layer with one row of periclinally oriented cells, cells 4.3–6.0 µm in width, lining the locule surface with regularly spaced and large papillae; papillae 8.9–28.3 µm (av. 15.0 µm) in diameter.