New species and record of Tyrodes Raffray (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae: Pselaphinae) from Japan Author Inoue, Shota 0000-0002-7005-6531 University Education Center, Tokyo Metropolitan University, 1 - 1 Minami-Osawa, Hachioji, Tokyo, 192 - 0397 Japan shota 666. shigure @ gmail. com; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 7005 - 6531 & The Kyushu University Museum, Fukuoka, 812 - 8581 Japan. shota666.shigure@gmail.com Author Nomura, Shûhei 0000-0003-1086-5078 Department of Zoology, National Museum of Nature and Science, 4 - 1 - 1, Amakubo, Tsukuba-shi, Ibaraki, 305 - 0005 Japan nomura @ kahaku. go. jp; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0003 - 1086 - 5078 nomura@kahaku.go.jp text Zootaxa 2023 2023-11-21 5375 1 83 92 https://www.mapress.com/zt/article/download/zootaxa.5375.1.4/52314 journal article 10.11646/zootaxa.5375.1.4 1175-5326 10170174 30782E67-2E2C-4B63-9809-85C3945187AE Genus Tyrodes Raffray, 1908 [Japanese common name: Nisekoke-arizukamushi Zoku] Tyrodes Raffray, 1908: 379 . Type species: Tyrus histrio L. W. Schaufass, 1887 (subsequent designation by Lucas 1920: 663 ). Tyrodites Jeannel, 1960: 455 . Type species: Tyrodites championi Jeannel, 1960 (synonymized by Besuchet 1970: 316 ). Diagnosis. Head with small, nude frontal median fovea and one pair of larger, setose vertexal foveae; maxillary palpi large, each with palpomeres 2–4 each pedunculate basally, widened apically; palpomeres 4 each with sensory appendage at apex; pronotum with antebasal sulcus connecting median and lateral foveae; abdomen with tergite IV longer than V; aedeagus stout, with ovoid median lobe ( Raffray 1908 ; Jeannel 1957 ; Yin & Li 2013 ). Comments . The genus Tyrodes is similar to Tyrus Aubé, 1833 in their general appearances, but it is distinguished from the latter by the following characteristics: frontal median fovea small, nude (distinct, larger, setose in Tyrus ); abdominal tergite IV longer than V (IV and V subequal in Tyrus ) ( Yin & Li 2013 ). In addition, after an examination of previous studies and the specimens studied in this paper, the following characteristics may also be useful for separation of both genera: male antennomeres 1 each with triangular projection on the external side of the basal part ( Figs 1C , 5C ) (usually lacking the triangular projection in Tyrus , but T. sichuanicus Yin & Nomura, 2013 has laterally expanded antennomeres 1), and tergite IV lacking median longitudinal carina ( Fig. 3A ) (usually present in Tyrus , but lacking in T. myrmecophilus Bryant, 1915 ) ( Raffray 1908 ; Bryant 1915 ; Jeannel 1957 ; Besuchet 1970 ; Yin & Li 2013 ; Yin et al. 2013; Zhang & Yin 2023 ). The genus Megatyrus Hlaváč & Nomura, 2003 share the characteristic of antennomeres 1 with Tyrodes , but the members of Megatyrus are easily separated from Tyrodes by the larger body, maxillary palpi with palpomeres 4 each lacking apical appendage, and tergite IV with well-defined median longitudinal carina ( Hlaváč & Nomura 2003 ). Among the Japanese Tyrodes species , the male shares following characteristics: posterolateral clypeal region strongly concave with demarcate edge ( Fig. 2A, C, D ); metaventrite with small setose projection ( Figs 1E , 5D ); sternite IV–V strongly concave at lateral parts ( Figs 1F , 3B , 5E ).