Xiphocentronidae (Trichoptera: Psychomyioidea) from the Andean foothills: first species of Machairocentron and Xiphocentron described in the Peruvian Amazon Author Vilarino, Albane 44216FF8-7A20-499F-969F-0A626D8425AF Museu de Entomologia, Departamento de Entomologia, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Av. P. H. Rolfs, s / n, Campus Universitário, CEP 36570 - 900, Viçosa, Minas Gerais, Brazil. Laboratório de Biologia Aquática, Departamento de Ciências Biológicas, Faculdade de Ciências e Letras de Assis, Universidade Estadual Paulista, Av. Dom Antônio, 2100, Parque Universitário, CEP 19806 - 900, Assis, São Paulo, Brazil. albanevilarino@alumni.usp.br Author Salles, Frederico F. 2768797E-E00E-4CD2-96AF-03C74A5BE39C Museu de Entomologia, Departamento de Entomologia, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Av. P. H. Rolfs, s / n, Campus Universitário, CEP 36570 - 900, Viçosa, Minas Gerais, Brazil. Laboratório de Biologia Aquática, Departamento de Ciências Biológicas, Faculdade de Ciências e Letras de Assis, Universidade Estadual Paulista, Av. Dom Antônio, 2100, Parque Universitário, CEP 19806 - 900, Assis, São Paulo, Brazil. frederico.salles@ufv.br Author Bispo, Pitágoras C. 617A4F99-A576-48B6-80DD-84C4055F6756 pitagoras.bispo@unesp.br text European Journal of Taxonomy 2023 2023-02-22 860 62 80 http://dx.doi.org/10.5852/ejt.2023.860.2051 journal article 54446 10.5852/ejt.2023.860.2051 9d70b7df-a52a-4db5-8f72-cfd2627ca45a 2118-9773 7674446 C6F8E502-3898-44A6-968A-F302C8521F9D Xiphocentron ( Antillotrichia ) ashaninka sp. nov. urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act: CAE28FA9-AE66-4480-A930-62838EB3F7C3 Figs 1 , 5 Diagnosis Xiphocentron ashaninka sp. nov. is most similar to X. sturmi Sturm, 1960 and X. regulare Flint, 1991 , based on the shape of tergum IX and the sclerotized lateral margin of the paraproct as seen in dorsal view. It can be distinguished by: a) the narrower incision at the posterior margin of tergum IX, in dorsal view ( Fig. 5B ) (incision wider in the other species); b) the shorter spines of the inferior appendage ( Fig. 5A–C ) (the other species have long spines at the mesal sclerite region); c) the narrower and longer preanal and inferior appendages, in lateral view ( Fig. 5A ); and d) the enlarged preanal appendage, in dorsal view ( Fig. 5B ). Etymology Named after the Ashaninka, a people from the Arawak linguistic family. The Ashaninka are the most populous native Amazonian group in Peru , with over 55000 people in the country identifying as Ashaninka. Material examined Holotype PERU • ♂ ; Cusco , La Convención Echarate , Pagoreni-8 , Shell prospecting and development project; 11.70326° S , 72.90134° W ; elev. 486 m ; 27 May 1997 ; Córdova leg.; MUSM- ENT-0320562 . Additional material PERU • 2 ♀♀ ; same collection data as for holotype; MUSM- ENT-0320563 . Description of male BODY. Forewing length 5.2 mm (n =1).Color overall pale brown (in alcohol). Maxillary palp segment length formula (I =II =III) <IV<V. Tibial spur formula 2:4:3; spurs unmodified. Venation: forewing forks II and IV present; fork II sessile at discoidal cell; discoidal cell about half of thyridial cell length. Hindwing forks II and V present. Sternum V with flat anterolateral reticulated region. GENITALIA ( Fig. 5 ). Tergum IX, in lateral view, wider basally, narrower apically, about 1.5× as long as high ( Fig. 5A ); in dorsal view, anterior margin with deep, wide concave incision; posterior margin with deep U-shaped mesal incision, anterior and posterior incisions almost touching each other ( Fig. 5B ). Sternum IX, in lateral view, about 2× as long as high, apex deltoid; anterior apodeme narrow, straight, tapering to slender flange ( Fig. 5A ); in ventral view, posterior margin with shallow V-shaped mesal incision ( Fig. 5C ). Paraproct, in lateral view, oblong, apically rounded, with small ventral lobe ( Fig. 5A ); in dorsal view, each side fused, with sclerotized band on fusion region and sclerotized strips coming from lateral sides ( Fig. 5B ); wide basally, tapering apically; divided apicomesally until sclerotized band, with numerous sensillae on semi-membranous apex ( Fig. 5B ). Preanal appendage about 4× as long as tergum IX, setose; in lateral view, narrow, bent at basal ⅓, wavy curved, slightly enlarging apically ( Fig. 5A ); in dorsal view, enlarged at midlength, narrow at apex ( Fig. 5B ). Inferior appendage about 3× as long as tergum IX, setose; coxopodite and harpago partially fused, with dorsal incision between them; basal region wide, without spines; apical region slender, digitate ( Fig. 5A–C ); in lateral view, about 2 × length of basal region; inner face with various short, tubercle-like spines, more concentrated at midlength; mesal sclerite absent ( Fig. 5A ). Phallus tubular, very long and slender, reaching segment V; basally conical, subapically annulate, weakly sclerotized; apex slightly enlarged ( Fig. 5D ). Remarks The new species is described from the South Brazilian dominion, Rondônia Province , and has a strong similarity with X. regulare and X. sturmi , known from the Pacific dominion, Cauca Province . This group of species is particularly recognizable by the deep concavities on the anterior and posterior margins of tergum IX.