A new genus and species of Pristocerinae (Hymenoptera, Bethylidae) from upper Eocene Baltic amber with a review of conspecific association from insect fossils Author Tribull, Carly Melissa https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1044-0486 Farmingdale State College (State University of New York), Biology Department, Farmingdale NY, USA cmtribull@gmail.com Author Pankowski, Madeline V. Rockville, Maryland, USA Author Colombo, Wesley Dondoni https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8729-4635 Universidade Federal do Espirito Santo, Departamento de Ciencias Biologicas, Vitoria ES, Brazil text Journal of Hymenoptera Research 2021 2021-08-31 85 119 133 http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/jhr.85.68658 journal article http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/jhr.85.68658 1314-2607-85-119 9D5B00CA75F04E1FB84711D490F769CD 8935A382F3A3566AAD7C650E899F46D5 5491729 Genus † Archeonesia Tribull, Pankowski & Colombo gen. nov. Type-species. † A. eocena Tribull, Pankowski & Colombo, sp. nov. by original designation. Description. Male (Figs 1 - 4 ). Head, pronotum, mesoscutum, metapectal-propodeal complex, petiole, antenna, and metasoma dark castaneous to black; wings hyaline. Head as long as wide and subquadrate, not globoid in lateral view. Clypeus with triangular median lobe, visible dorsally, lateral lobe reduced. Median clypeal carina delimited, lower than frons. Flagellomere longer than wide, with first flagellomeres larger than distal ones; flagellar pubescence erected; pedicel shorter than flagellomere I, apex dilated. Eye located touching mandibular base, glabrous, bulging. Frons weakly coriaceous, punctures large and sparse. Frontal line not visible. Ocellus large, salient. Frontal angle of ocellar triangle in obtuse angle. Anterior ocellus posterior to supra-ocular line. Occipital carina present. Dorsal pronotal area wider than long, weakly coriaceous, punctures small and sparse. Metafurcal pit oval. Posterior mesofurcal pit crown-shaped. Notaulus present, large, converging posteriorly, smooth. Parapsidal signum shorter than notauli. Forewing with three cells closed (C, R, 1Cu), distal flexion line visible, 2r-rs&Rs vein tubular, long, well pigmented, angled, not converging posteriorly to anterior margin, R1 vein tubular, long. Pterostigma enlarged, lanceolate. Mesoscutum-mesoscutellar sulcus present, posterior margin strongly incurved medially. Metanotum well-developed medially. Metapectal-propodeal disc not visible. Mesotibia without spines. Metasoma polished. Ninth abdominal segment with margin weakly incurved, undivided. Figure 1. † Archeonesia eocena Tribull, Pankowski & Colombo, gen. et. sp. nov. A dorsal habitus of male holotype and female allotype B ventral habitus of male holotype and female allotype. Scale bars: 1 mm ( A, B ). Figure 2. † Archeonesia eocena Tribull, Pankowski & Colombo, gen. et. sp. nov. Illustration of dorsal habitus of male holotype and female allotype. Scale bar: 1 mm. Female (Figs 1 - 3 , 5 ). Head, pronotum, mesoscutum, metapectal-propodeal complex, petiole, antenna, and metasoma light to dark brown. Head longer than wide and rectangular, not globoid in lateral view. Clypeus with median lobe trapezoidal, visible dorsally, lateral lobe reduced. Median clypeal carina not visible. Flagellomere as long as wide, with first flagellomeres wider than distal ones; flagellar pubescence appressed; pedicel barrel shaped, as long as flagellomere I. Eye located almost touching mandibular base, glabrous, reduced, flat. Frons weakly coriaceous, punctures small and sparse. Frontal line not visible. Ocelli absent. Dorsal pronotal area smooth, longer than mesoscutellum medially. Metafurcal pit oval. Posterior mesofurcal pit oval. Anteromesoscutum with anterior margin straight. Notaulus absent. Parapsidal signum absent. Mesoscutum-mesoscutellar sulcus absent. Mesopleuron visible dorsally, broad. Apterous. Mesotibia spinose. Metapectal-propodeal disc long, broadly in contact with anteromesoscutum, anterior margin wider than posterior one, lateral margin almost parallel in dorsal view, weak constriction at spiracles present. Second abdominal segment without flap expanded laterally. Figure 3. † Archeonesia eocena Tribull, Pankowski & Colombo, gen. et. sp. nov. Illustration of ventral habitus of male holotype and female allotype. Scale bar: 1 mm. Etymology. The name † Archeonesia comes from the genus Acrenesia , which the female is closest to. The prefix 'Archeo' represents the extinct nature of the genus. Gender feminine. Figure 4. † Archeonesia eocena Tribull, Pankowski & Colombo, gen. et. sp. nov., male holotype A head, ventro-frontal view B metasoma, ventral view C prothorax and mesothorax, dorsal view D mesosoma, ventral view E wings, dorsal view. Scale bars: 500 μm ( C ); 1 mm ( A, B, D, E ). Included species. † A. eocena sp. nov. Distribution. Baltic amber, Russian Federation. Figure 5. † Archeonesia eocena Tribull, Pankowski & Colombo, gen. et. sp. nov., female allotype A habitus, dorsal view B habitus, ventral view C head, ventro-lateral view D eye, with red arrow pointing to lower margin. Scale bars: 650 μm ( D ), 1 mm ( A-C ).