A taxonomic revision of Calendula (Asteraceae) in Morocco, including some taxa from Algeria and Tunisia Author Gonçalves, Ana Carla 0000-0002-8085-1336 Departamento de Biologia e CESAM, Universidade de Aveiro, 3810 - 193, Aveiro, Portugal. & acgoncalves @ ua. pt; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 8085 - 1336 acgoncalves@ua.pt Author Ouhammoud, Ahmed 0000-0001-9206-1617 Regional Herbarium MARK’, Laboratory of Microbial Biotechnologies, Agrosciences and Environment (BioMAgE), & ouhammou @ uca. ma; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0001 - 9206 - 1617 ouhammou@uca.ma Author Amirouche, Rachid 0000-0002-3408-8093 Laboratoire de Biologie et Physiologie des Organismes, Université des Sciences et de la Technologie Houari Boumediene, USTHB, BP 32 El-Alia, 16 111 Bab-Ezzouar, Alger, Algeria & ramirouche @ usthb. dz; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 3408 - 8093 ramirouche@usthb.dz Author Santos, Conceição 0000-0003-4129-6381 Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade do Porto, Requinte / LAQV, s / n, 4169 - 007 Porto, Portugal. & csantos @ fc. up. pt; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0003 - 4129 - 6381 csantos@fc.up.pt Author Figueiredo, Estrela 0000-0002-8511-8213 Ria Olivier Herbarium, Department of Botany, Nelson Mandela University, P. O. Box 77000, Gqeberha, 6031 South Africa. & estrelafigueiredo @ gmail. com; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 8511 - 8213 estrelafigueiredo@gmail.com Author Silveira, Paulo 0000-0002-9253-5381 Departamento de Biologia e CESAM, Universidade de Aveiro, 3810 - 193, Aveiro, Portugal. & psilveira @ ua. pt; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 9253 - 5381 psilveira@ua.pt text Phytotaxa 2023 2023-07-24 605 1 1 83 http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.605.1.1 journal article 10.11646/phytotaxa.605.1.1 1179-3163 8181518 11n. Calendula suffruticosa subsp. trialata P. Silveira & A.C. Gonç. in Gonçalves et al . (2018: 40) . Type:— SPAIN . Cádiz: Conil de la Frontera , [ 36°16’35” N , 6°05’15” W ], 25 May 1981 , Cambó et al. 421/81 ( holotype MA !) . Description :––Perennial herbs, ± woody at the base. Stems (25) 29.8–59.5 (66) cm, decumbent to diffuse, ± branched, mostly with glandular hairs and occasional non-glandular hairs, viscous. Basal leaves (3) 4–4.5 (5) × 0.6–1.1 cm , (0.4) 0.5–1.2 (1.5) mm thick, oblanceolate, apex acute to obtuse, margins sub-entire to sinuate-dentate or slightly undulate-dentate, attenuated in a ± large petiole, lamina with glandular and non-glandular hairs, mostly white-arachnoid in the margins, viscous. Capitula solitary, (1.5) 1.8–2.9 (3.3) cm diameter. Outer achenes rostrate (4.5) 5.4–14.1 (16) × 1.3–1.7 (2.5) mm, generally straight or slightly curved, without dorsal spines, at times with one tooth at the base; middle achenes, usually, trialate (7.8) 8.5–9.2 (9.8) × (6.3) 7–8 (8.8) mm, wings sub-entire and sinuate-dentate at the apex, sub-equal, or bialate (9.2) 10.3–13.5 (17) × (3) 5–6.9 (9.3) mm, with a rostrum (1.5) 2–5.7 (8.7) mm, with lateral wings sinuate-dentate; inner achenes vermiculate-exalate (3.8) 4–4.5 (4.7) × (1.3) 1.5–1.8 mm , generally hook-shaped to falcate. Figure 17 . Habitat and distribution :—Dunes, sandy soils, rocky shores and hills not far from the sea, at elevations of 0–130 m , near the lighthouse at Cape Cires in Tanger ( Morocco ). Conservation status :—Critically Endangered (CR). This taxon is under numerous threats, especially due to climate change (rise in sea level, extreme weather), and human intervention (tourism, leisure activities, infratructures). The subspecies has a small-restricted range, since only one population is known and suffering from high habitat degradation due to human pressure.The number of mature individuals is estimated to be <50 based on field observations, the AOO is 4 km 2 , and it is unlikely that more populations exist. Therefore we propose a conservation status of CR B2ab (iii, v), C2a (i, ii), D. Chromosome number :— 2n = 32. Genome size :—3.21 ± 0.05 pg. Additional collections :— MOROCCO . Tanger-Tetouan-Al Hoceïma : Tanger Cap Cires , 10 m [ 35°54’27” N , 5°28’54” W ], 12 June 2012 , P . Silveira & A . C . R . S . Gonçalves 3267 ( AVE !) .