On Venezuelan pholcid spiders (Araneae, Pholcidae) Author Huber, Bernhard A. 33607F65-19BF-4DC9-94FD-4BB88CED455F Zoological Research Museum Alexander Koenig, Bonn, Germany. b.huber@leibniz-zfmk.de Author Villarreal, Osvaldo 679C385E-B068-4351-9D2F-97753E534C26 Museo del Instituto de Zoología Agrícola, Universidad Central de Venezuela, Maracay, Venezuela. & Museu Nacional / UFRJ, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. osvaldovillarreal@gmail.com text European Journal of Taxonomy 2020 2020-10-01 718 1 317 journal article 10.5852/ejt.2020.718.1101 4069574 F9E9A91E-488C-4DB1-9361-E788E9AC5BC1 Galapa spiniphila Huber sp. nov. urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act: 43841C1C-F973-4B31-8DC0-63958E477005 Figs 174–175 , 178–188 , 1040 Diagnosis Easily distinguished from most described Ninetinae (except congeners) by processes on male cheliceral fangs but otherwise unmodified male chelicerae ( Fig. 181 ); from other Galapa species by distinctive shape of procursus ( Figs 179–180 ; distal apophysis curved toward retrolateral, large dorsal branch curved toward prolateral and lodged in pocket of genital bulb), by large genital bulb with three distal pointed apophyses ( Figs 178, 180 ), and by membranous elements posteriorly in internal female genitalia ( Figs 182 , 185, 188 ); a very similar undescribed species from Costa Rica (see Notes above) differs by pair of pointed processes distally on procursus pointing toward retrolateral. Etymology The species name (Latin: the one who likes spines) refers to one microhabitat of this species, among the spiny leaves of ground-dwelling bromeliads; adjective. Type material VENEZUELA – Falcón • ♂ holotype , ZFMK (Ar 21860), Península de Paraguaná , near Cueva del Guano ( 11.9026° N , 69.9456° W ), 140 m a.s.l. , 16 Nov. 2018 ( B.A. Huber , O. Villarreal M. ) . Other material examined VENEZUELA – Falcón • 2 ♀♀ (and two female abdomens transferred from ZFMK , Ven18-183), together with male holotype , and 4 ♀♀ in pure ethanol, ZFMK (Ven18-183), same collection data as for holotype . Description Male ( holotype ) MEASUREMENTS. Total body length 0.95, carapace width 0.42. Distance PME–PME 40 µm ; diameter PME 40 µm ; distance PME–ALE 15 µm ; distance AME–AME 10 µm ; diameter AME 20 µm . Leg 1: 1.84 (0.52+ 0.12 +0.48 +0.44 +0.28), tibia 2: 0.40, tibia 3: 0.36, tibia 4: 0.58; tibia 1 L/d: 9. COLOR (in ethanol). Prosoma and legs monochromous ochre-yellow; abdomen monochromous pale gray. BODY. Habitus as in Fig. 174 . Ocular area barely raised. Carapace without thoracic groove. Clypeus barely modified (slightly bulging). Sternum slightly wider than long (0.30/0.26), with pair of indistinct anterior humps. Abdomen globular. Figs 172–177. Live specimens. 172–173 . Chisosa caquetio Huber, 2019 ; male and female with egg sac from Falcón, Cueva del Guano. 174–175 . Galapa spiniphila Huber sp. nov. ; male and female with egg sac from Falcón, near Cueva del Guano. 176–177 . Ibotyporanga bariro Huber sp. nov. ; male and female from Falcón, SE Bariro. Figs 178–182. Galapa spiniphila Huber sp. nov. ; from Falcón, near Cueva del Guano (type locality; ZFMK Ar 21860). 178–179 . Left male pedipalp, prolateral and retrolateral views. 180 . Left procursus and genital bulb, dorsal view. 181 . Male ocular area, clypeus, and chelicerae, frontal view (arrow: process on male cheliceral fang). 182 . Cleared female genitalia, dorsal view. Abbreviations: b= genital bulb; p=procursus. Scale lines: 0.2 mm. CHELICERAE. As in Fig. 181 , main segments unmodified except for low lateral elevations with fine stridulatory ridges; fangs with distinctive proximal processes. PALPS. As in Figs 178–179 ; coxa ( not shown) unmodified; trochanter barely modified; femur slender, with proximal prolateral stridulatory pick; tibia large; procursus wide in lateral view, main branch distally curved toward retrolateral, large dorsal branch curved toward prolateral and lodged in pocket of genital bulb ( Fig. 180 ); genital bulb very large, with fine hair-like processes on prolateral side, with three distal pointed apophyses. LEGS. Without spines and curved hairs; few vertical hairs; retrolateral trichobothrium of tibia 1 at 52%; prolateral trichobothrium absent on tibia 1; tarsus 1 with 5 pseudosegments. Female In general similar to male ( Fig. 175 ) but without humps on sternum. Tibia 1 in four females: 0.43, 0.44, 0.45, 0.46. Epigynum ( Figs 183, 186 ) light brown semicircular plate, weakly protruding. Internal genitalia ( Figs 182 , 185, 188 ) apparently with thin membranous anterior chamber and thick membranous posterior elements of unknown significance; apparently with pore plates (few pores, very indistinct). Distribution Known from type locality only, in Venezuela , Falcón (Fig. 1040). Figs 183–188. Galapa spiniphila Huber sp. nov. ; female abdomens, ventral views and cleared female genitalia, ventral and dorsal views, two females from Falcón, near Cueva del Guano (type locality; ZFMK Ar 21860). Natural history The spiders were found on the ground in xerophytic thorn forest. They were hiding among the extremely spiny hard leaves of a terrestrial bromeliad and ran rapidly when disturbed.