Eight new spider species of Belisana Thorell, 1898 (Araneae, Pholcidae), with an updated overview of Belisana species from Yunnan, China Author Zhang, Ludan 0000-0001-5657-751X College of Life Science, Shenyang Normal University, Shenyang 110034, Liaoning, China Author Wu, Zheng College of Life Science, Shenyang Normal University, Shenyang 110034, Liaoning, China Author Li, Shuqiang 0000-0002-3290-5416 Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China Author Yao, Zhiyuan 0000-0002-1631-0949 College of Life Science, Shenyang Normal University, Shenyang 110034, Liaoning, China text ZooKeys 2024 2024-05-27 1202 255 286 journal article 10.3897/zookeys.1202.121633 F2DE6CAC-842E-4275-B3C1-C84D7CEDF5B7 Belisana lincang Zhang, Li & Yao sp. nov. Figs 6 , 7 , 18 E, F , 20 E, F Type material. Holotype ♂ ( IZCAS - Ar 44962 ) and paratype 1 ♀ ( IZCAS - Ar 44963 ), Bianfu Cave ( 24 ° 19.862 ' N , 100 ° 14.001 ' E , 1619 m ), Yankou Village , Laoxu Town , Yun County , Lincang , Yunnan , China , 05 / 08 / 2010 , C Wang , Q Zhao & L Lin leg. Etymology. The specific name refers to the type locality, which is a noun in apposition. Diagnosis. The new species resembles B. phungae Yao, Pham & Li, 2015 ( Yao et al. 2015: 9 , figs 19 A – D, 20 A – G, 21 A – E) by having similar male chelicerae, bulbal apophyses, and epigyne (Figs 7 A, C, D , 20 E ), but can be distinguished by differences in males: procursus with dorso-distal membranous lamella (arrow 3 in Figs 6 C , 18 E vs absent), distally pointed ventro-subdistal membranous lamella (arrow 4 in Figs 6 C , 18 E vs nearly half-round) and without dorso-subdistal sclerite (Figs 6 C , 18 E vs present); differences in females: epigynal pockets closer to each other (Figs 7 A, B , 20 E, F vs widely separated), pore plates curved and narrow (Figs 7 B , 20 F vs nearly round). Figure 6. Belisana lincang sp. nov. , holotype male A, B palp ( A prolateral view B retrolateral view, arrow 1 points at ventral apophysis, arrow 2 points at retrolatero-proximal protrusion) C, D distal part of procursus ( C prolateral view, arrow 1 points at prolatero-distal membranous process, arrow 2 points at sclerotized prolatero-distal apophysis, arrow 3 points at dorso-distal membranous lamella, arrow 4 points at ventro-subdistal membranous lamella D retrolateral view). Abbreviations: b = bulb, ba = bulbal apophysis, e = embolus, pr = procursus. Scale bars: 0.10 ( A, B ); 0.02 ( C, D ). Figure 7. Belisana lincang sp. nov. , holotype male ( C – F ) and paratype female ( A, B, G, H ) A epigyne, ventral view B vulva, dorsal view, arrow points at sac-like structure C right bulb, prolateral view D chelicerae, frontal view E – H habitus ( E, G dorsal view F lateral view H ventral view). Abbreviations: aa = anterior arch, b = bulb, ba = bulbal apophysis, da = distal apophysis, e = embolus, ep = epigynal pocket, pa = proximo-lateral apophysis, pp = pore plate. Scale bars: 0.05 ( A – D ); 0.50 ( E – H ). Description. Male ( holotype ): Total length 1.78 (1.90 with clypeus), carapace 0.85 long, 0.88 wide, opisthosoma 0.93 long, 0.85 wide. Leg I missing, leg II: 6.69 (1.78, 0.31, 1.62, 2.18, 0.80), leg III: 5.18 (1.42, 0.26, 1.19, 1.68, 0.63), leg IV: 6.70 (1.90, 0.28, 1.70, 2.13, 0.69). Eye inter-distances and diameters: PME – PME 0.08, PME 0.09, PME – ALE 0.03, AME absent. Sternum width / length: 0.61 / 0.56. Habitus as in Fig. 7 E, F . Carapace yellowish, with brown median band; sternum yellowish. Legs whitish, without darker rings. Opisthosoma yellowish, without spots. Thoracic furrow absent. Clypeus unmodified. Chelicerae (Fig. 7 D ) with a pair of proximo-lateral apophyses and a pair of curved distal apophyses (distance between tips: 0.15). Palp as in Fig. 6 A, B ; trochanter with ventral apophysis (2 × longer than wide, arrow 1 in Fig. 6 B ); femur with tiny retrolatero-proximal protrusion (arrow 2 in Fig. 6 B ); procursus simple proximally but complex distally, with prolatero-distal membranous process (arrow 1 in Figs 6 C , 18 E ) bearing narrow lateral sclerite, sclerotized prolatero-distal apophysis (arrow 2 in Figs 6 C , 18 E ), dorso-distal membranous lamella (arrow 3 in Figs 6 C , 18 E ), and ventro-subdistal membranous lamella (arrow 4 in Figs 6 C , 18 E ); bulb (Fig. 7 C ) with distally angular apophysis and simple embolus. Female ( paratype , IZCAS - Ar 44963 ): Similar to male, habitus as in Fig. 7 G, H . Total length 2.48 (2.62 with clypeus), carapace 0.86 long, 0.86 wide, opisthosoma 1.62 long, 1.31 wide. Leg I: 9.08 (2.33, 0.33, 2.30, 2.97, 1.15); tibia I L / d : 26. Eye inter-distances and diameters: PME – PME 0.09, PME 0.08, PME – ALE 0.02, AME absent. Sternum approximately as wide as long (0.60). Epigyne (Figs 7 A , 20 E ) simple and flat, with dark internal shade and a pair of postero-median pockets 0.05 apart. Vulva (Figs 7 B , 20 F ) with sac-like structure (arrow in Figs 7 B , 20 F ), sclerotized anterior arch, and a pair of curved, long elliptic pore plates (5 × longer than wide). Retrolateral trichobothria on tibia I at 9 % proximally; legs with short vertical setae on metatarsi; tarsus I with 20 distinct pseudosegments. Habitat. The species was found in the dark zone inside the cave. Distribution. China ( Yunnan , type locality; Fig. 1 ).