Morphological and phylogenetic analyses reveal two new species of Sporocadaceae from Hainan, China Author Zhang, Zhaoxue Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory for Biology of Vegetable Diseases and Insect Pests, College of Plant Protection, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, 271018, China Author Liu, Rongyu Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory for Biology of Vegetable Diseases and Insect Pests, College of Plant Protection, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, 271018, China Author Liu, Shubin Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory for Biology of Vegetable Diseases and Insect Pests, College of Plant Protection, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, 271018, China Author Mu, Taichang Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory for Biology of Vegetable Diseases and Insect Pests, College of Plant Protection, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, 271018, China Author Zhang, Xiuguo Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory for Biology of Vegetable Diseases and Insect Pests, College of Plant Protection, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, 271018, China Author Xia, Jiwen https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7436-7249 Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory for Biology of Vegetable Diseases and Insect Pests, College of Plant Protection, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, 271018, China zhenjunxue@126.com text MycoKeys 2022 2022-04-14 88 171 192 http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/mycokeys.88.82229 journal article http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/mycokeys.88.82229 1314-4049-88-171 298CC096859B58659552F4D3388873F6 Neopestalotiopsis haikouensis Z. X. Zhang, J. W. Xia & X. G. Zhang sp. nov. Fig. 3 Type . China , Hainan Province , Haikou City : East Harbour National Nature Reserve , on diseased leaves of Ilex chinensis . 23 May 2021 , Z.X. Zhang ( holotype HSAUP212271; ex-type living culture SAUCC212271) . Figure 3. Neopestalotiopsis haikouensis (SAUCC212271, ex-type) a diseased leaf of Ilex chinensis b surface of colony after 7 days on PDA c reverse of colony after 7 days on PDA d conidiomata e-g conidiogenous cells with conidia h-j conidia. Scale bars: 10 μm ( e-j ). Etymology. Named after the host location, Haikou City. Description. Leaf spots irregular, grey white in centre, brown to tan at margin. Sexual morph not observed. Asexual morph on PDA: Conidiomata globose to clavate, solitary or confluent, embedded or semi-immersed to erumpent, dark brown, exuding globose, dark brown to black conidial masses. Conidiophores indistinct, often reduced to conidiogenous cells. Conidiogenous cells discrete, subcylindrical to ampulliform, hyaline, 5.0-10.0 x 2.0-6.0 μm , apex 1.0-2.0 μm diam. Conidia fusoid, ellipsoid, straight to slightly curved, 4-septate, 16.0-22.0 x 4.5-7.0 μm , mean +/- SD = 20.0 +/- 1.8 x 5.5 +/- 0.4 μm ; basal cell conical with a truncate base, hyaline, rugose and thin-walled, 3.0-4.5 μm long; three median cells doliiform, 11.5-15.0 μm long, mean +/- SD = 13.2 +/- 1.0 μm , wall rugose, septa darker than the rest of the cell, second cell from the base pale brown, 3.5-5.5 μm long; third cell honey-brown, 4.0-6.0 μm long; fourth cell brown, 3.8-5.7 μm long; apical cell 2.5-5.5 μm long, hyaline, cylindrical to subcylindrical, thin- and smooth-walled; with 2-3 tubular apical appendages (mostly 3), arising from the apical crest, unbranched, filiform, 13.5-24.0 μm long, mean +/- SD = 19.1 +/- 3.5 μm ; basal appendage 2.0-7.0 μm long, single, tubular, unbranched, centric. Culture characteristics. Colonies on PDA occupying an entire 90 mm petri dish in 7 days at 25 °C in darkness, growth rate of 7.0-14.0 mm/day, edge undulate, white to grey white, with moderate aerial mycelium on the surface, with black, gregarious conidiomata; reverse similar in colour. Additional specimen examined. China, Hainan Province: East Harbour National Nature Reserve, 23 May 2021, Z.X. Zhang. On diseased leaves of Ilex chinensis , paratype HSAUP212272, living culture SAUCC212272. Notes. Phylogenetic analysis of a combined three-gene ITS- tub2 - tef1 showed that Neopestalotiopsis haikouensis formed an independent clade with full-supported (BI/ML = 1/100, Fig. 1 ) and is phylogenetically distinct from N. cocoes (MFLUCC 15-0152), N. formicidarum (CBS 362.72) and N. sichuanensis (CFCC 54338). Neopestalotiopsis haikouensis can be distinguished from the phylogenetically most closely related species N. cocoes by narrower conidia (4.5-7.0 vs. 7.5-9.5 μm ), N. formicidarum by smaller conidia (16.0-22.0 x 4.5-7.0 vs. 20.0-29.0 x 7.5-9.5 μm ), and N. sichuanensis by shorter conidia (16.0-22.0 vs. 23.2-32.8 μm ). Furthermore, some species were reported from the same host genus Ilex , including Pestalotia neglecta , Pestalotiopsis annulata , P. humicola and P. ilicis . After comparison, P. humicola was closest to N. haikouensis in morphology, but with 78/588 differences in the ITS region ( Maharachch. et al. 2014 ; Liu et al. 2019 ; Jiang et al. 2021b ).