The Nemourinae (Insecta, Nemouridae) of the eastern Nearctic Author Grubbs, Scott A. 0000-0003-2170-9716 Department of Biology and Center for Biodiversity Studies, Western Kentucky University, Bowling Green, Kentucky, 42101, USA Department of Biology and Monte L. Bean Life Science Museum, Brigham Young University, Provo, Utah, 84602, USA & scott. grubbs @ wku. edu; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0003 - 2170 - 9716 scott.grubbs@wku.edu Author Baumann, Richard W. 0000-0003-0838-4080 richard _ baumann @ byu. edu; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0003 - 0838 - 4080 richard_baumann@byu.edu text Zootaxa 2023 2023-06-19 5306 1 1 53 http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5306.1.1 journal article 10.11646/zootaxa.5306.1.1 1175-5326 8054287 21AD4F85-E313-47CB-BA98-9896D2B1DC05 17. Soyedina carolinensis ( Claassen, 1923 ) Carolina Forestfly http://lsid.speciesfile.org/urn:lsid: Plecoptera .speciesfile.org:TaxonName:6065 ( Figs. 115–122 ) Nemoura carolinensis Claassen 1923:287 . Holotype male ( Museum of Comparative Zoology ), Morganton , ( Burke Co. ), North Carolina , USA Nemoura carolinensis Needham & Claassen, 1925:215 Nemoura ( Soyedina ) washingtoni carolinensis Ricker, 1952:53 Soyedina carolinensis Illies, 1966:249 Soyedina carolinensis Stark, 2017:187 Soyedina carolinensis Grubbs & Baumann, 2019:231 Distribution. USA : DE, MD, NC, PA, TN, VA, WV ( DeWalt et al. 2022 ) Male . Macropterous. Body length 5.0–7.0 mm, forewing length 5.4–8.4 mm (n = 14). Gills absent. Cerci simple and unmodified. Paraprocts with two lobes, inner lobes lightly sclerotized and inconspicuous, outer lobes sclerotized, a common phenotype present from populations from east Tennessee and western North Carolina have an outer lobe that has a narrow profile in apical ½ with anterior and posterior margins ca. parallel and without a basoposterior expansion ( Fig. 119 ); another common phenotype distributed further northward along the Blue Ridge and upper Piedmont provinces into central Maryland and southeastern Pennsylvania have an outer lobe that is not parallel along the anterior and posterior margins plus a bulbous basoposterior portion ( Fig. 120 ); a third phenotype from higher-elevation streams and seeps in southwestern Virginia and east Tennessee have an outer paraproct lobe that is sickle-shaped and with a distinct anteriorly-directed spur ( Fig. 121 ). Epiproct asymmetric, typical for genus ( Fig. 115 ); ventral sclerites partially recurved over abdomen, distinctly asymmetric, apically narrowly triangular ( Fig. 115 ); dorsal sclerites distinctly asymmetric, appearing scaly at higher magnifications ( Figs. 116‒118 ); open apically, inner member heavily sclerotized, flanged apically, lip symmetric apically ( Figs. 116‒117 ). Female . Macropterous. Body length 5.8–9.3 mm , forewing length 7.5–9.0 mm (n = 19). Gills absent. Cerci simple and unmodified. Subgenital plate well-developed, subtriangular in shape; base broad, extending from posterior of seventh sternum entirely over eighth sternum and approximately ¼ over ninth sternum; terminating in broadly-rounded apex ( Fig. 122 ). Larva. Undescribed. Comments . Soyedina carolinensis is known from the southern Appalachian Mountain region northeastward to the Piedmont Uplands of southeastern Pennsylvania and northern Delaware . This species is also likely present in New Jersey ( Grubbs & Baumann 2019 ) .