Jaltomata tlaxcala, a new species of the genus Jaltomata (Solanaceae, Solanoideae, Solaneae) Author Flores-Sánchez, Ignacio Darío 0000-0003-3425-7480 Postgraduate in Edaphology, Colegio de Postgraduados, Mexico-Texcoco Highway, km 36.5, Montecillo, Texcoco 56264, Mexico flores.ignacio@colpos.mx Author Sandoval-Villa, Manuel 0000-0002-0228-0734 Postgraduate in Edaphology, Colegio de Postgraduados, Mexico-Texcoco Highway, km 36.5, Montecillo, Texcoco 56264, Mexico smanuel@colpos.mx Author Uscanga-Mortera, Ebandro 0000-0002-8951-8724 Postgraduate in Botany, Colegio de Postgraduados, Mexico-Texcoco Highway, km 36.5, Montecillo, Texcoco 56264, Mexico uscanga@colpos.mx Author Silva-Rojas, Hilda Victoria 0000-0002-9567-0861 Postgraduate in Seeds Production, Colegio de Postgraduados, Mexico-Texcoco Highway, km 36.5, Montecillo, Texcoco 56264, Mexico hsilva@colpos.mx text Phytotaxa 2024 2024-03-18 641 2 85 98 http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.641.2.1 journal article 10.11646/phytotaxa.641.2.1 1179-3163 13213804 Key to the species of Jaltomata of Mexico (based on Mione & Spooner 2010 ) 1a. Anthers unequal in size, most noticeable during the pistillate phase while anthers are undehisced; filaments sigmoid or curved during hermaphroditic phase; style curved; habitat in coffee plantations and roadsides ......................................... J . repandidentata 1b. Anthers equal in size; filaments straight during hermaphroditic phase; style straight; habitat variable, including agricultural fields and other disturbed areas ....................................................................................................................................................................2 2a. Calyx lobes concave in cross section; calyx purple at time of flowering, ˂ 6.8 mm diam ............................................... J . bohsiana 2b. Calyx lobes plane to reflexed in cross section; calyx mostly green at time of flowering, ˃ 7 mm diam............................................3 3a. Anthers longer than 2.8 mm ; leaves and branches densely velutinous ......................................................................... J . grandiflora 3b. Anthers shorter than 2.8 mm ; leaves and branches glabrate to pubescent or hirsute.........................................................................4 4a. Vestiture of stems and leaves variable (including glabrate) but never hirsute; habit erect; corolla 5-lobed or with alternating lobes and lobules totaling 10; flowers per inflorescence up to 18 flowers; colour of fruit black or dark purple when ripe; Arizona , United States , to Ecuador ......................................................................................................................................................... J . procumbens 4b. Vestiture of stems and leaves glabrate to hirsute; habit prostrate or decumbent; colour of fruit black or green when ripe; corolla 5-lobed; flowers per inflorescence less than 5 ...................................................................................................................................5 5a. Stems and leaves hirsute; habit prostrate; corolla pale green, 5 attenuate lobes; inflorescence up to 4-flowered; obtuse or obtuseacuminatecalyx; plants with fruit colour purple or green when ripe; northern Mexico ............................................ J . chihuahuensis 5b. Leaves glabrate and vestiture of stems variable (including glabrate) but never hirsute; habit prostrate or decumbent; corolla pale yellow, and dark green flower base with a ring appearance, 5 pyramidal lobes; inflorescence up to 3-flowered; pyramidal-shaped calyx; pale green fruit with few dark green or purple vertical lines when ripe, with a slight purple spot on one side of the fruit; associated with agricultural fields; Central Highland Valley of Mexico ............................................................................. J . tlaxcala