Cercopithecidae Author Russell A. Mittermeier Author Anthony B. Rylands Author Don E. Wilson text 2013 2013-03-31 Lynx Edicions Barcelona Handbook of the Mammals of the World – Volume 3 Primates 550 755 book chapter 100956 10.5281/zenodo.6867065 3d520847-5163-4b5c-87bf-2cdceb781098 978-84-96553-89-7 6867065 40. Kinda Baboon Papio kindae French: Babouin de Kinda / German: Kinda-Pavian / Spanish: Papion chico Other common names: Kinda Yellow Baboon Taxonomy. P. kindae Lonnberg, 1919 , Congo-Zaire, Lulua District, Kinda. P. kindae has previously been considered a subspecies of P. cynocephalus . It is recognized here as a full species because it is as morphologically and genetically distinctive as the five other baboon species. Furthermore, preliminary behavioral observations suggest significant differences compared with P. cynocephalus . This species hybridizes with P. wrsinus griseipes and P. c. cynocephalus in respective contact zones in Zambia. Distribution. Extreme SW Tanzania (possibly N to Mahale Mountains National Park), S DR Congo, W Zambia (W of Luangwa River), and N Angola. On following pages: 41. Chacma Baboon ( Papio ursinus ); 42. Olive Baboon ( Papio anubis ); 43. Guinea Baboon ( Papio papio ); 44. Hamadryas Baboon ( Papio hamadryas ); 45. Gelada ( Theropithecus gelada ). Descriptive notes. Head-body ¢.58 cm (males) and c¢.56 cm (females), tail c.53 cm (males) and c.47 cm (females); weight c.16 kg (males) and c.10 kg (females). The Kinda Baboon is smaller and more gracile and slender than other baboons. It has a very short muzzle. It is the least sexually dimorphic in size; female body mass is 63% of male body mass. The adult male Kinda Baboon has a mass matching that of adult female Yellow (P. eynocephalus) and Chacma ( P. ursinus ) baboons. Fur of the Kinda Baboon is yellowish brown dorsally, and paler and creamy ventrally. Pelage has a soft, silky texture, distinctive from Yellow Baboons. The Kinda Baboon has a pronounced crest of hair on the top of its head and light pink “spectacles” surrounding the eyes. Unlike blackfurred newborn infants of other baboons, infant Kinda Baboons often have white fur. Unlike Yellow and Chacma baboons, Kinda Baboons usually carry their tails in a simple, gentle curve rather than “broken.” Habitat. Light woodland, miombo ( Brachystegia , Fabaceae ) woodland, and gallery forest. Food and Feeding. No systematic studies have been conducted on the ecology and behavior of Kinda Baboons, but they are probably omnivorous with a preference for fruits. Breeding. There is no information available for this species. Activity patterns. Kinda Baboons are diurnal and mainly terrestrial. Movements, Home range and Social organization. Preliminary observations suggest that Kinda Baboons, like other baboon species, live in multimale-multifemale groups and do not form spatially coherent one-male units. Dispersal of Kinda Baboons has yet to be determined, but available genetic evidence suggests male dispersal and female philopatry. In Yellow, Chacma and Olive ( P. anubis ) baboons, females form close social bonds with other females, and most adult grooming partnerships occur between females. To a lesser extent cross-sex “friendships” do occur outside of the mating context, and these are identified by grooming partnerships of an adult female and adult male in which the female typically grooms the male. In contrast, adult male Kinda Baboons initiate and maintain proximity to adult females in all reproductive states and, most often, when they have a small infant. Male Kinda Baboons frequently groom females. Male—female relationships and female—female relationships of Kinda Baboons differ substantially from those seen in Yellow, Chacma, and Olive baboons, suggesting that the Kinda Baboon constitutes a further variant of baboon social systems. Status and Conservation. CITES Appendix II. Classified as Least Concern on The [UCN Red List (as P. cynocephalus kindae ). The Kinda Baboon is listed as vermin in the African Convention on the Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources (as a subspecies of the Yellow Baboon). It possibly occurs in five protected areas: Upemba and Kundelungu national parks in DR Congo and Kafue, Kasanka, and South Luangwa national parks in Zambia. There are no reports of major range-wide threats resulting in a significant population decline of Kinda Baboons. Bibliography. Ansell (1978), Bergey et al. (2009), Compere (1971, 1975), Frost et al. (2003), Groves (2001), Grubb (2006), Jolly (1993, 1997/1998, 2007), Jolly et al. (2011), Keller et al. (2010), Kingdon (1997), Lénnberg (1919), Machado (1969), Phillips-Conroy, Jolly, Burrell et al. (2009), Phillips-Conroy, Jolly & Weyher (2009), Rogers, J. et al. (2004), Weyher (2010), Zinner, Buba et al. (2011), Zinner, Groeneveld et al. (2009).