An annotated checklist of the chewing lice (Phthiraptera: Ischnocera, Amblycera Rhynchophthirina) from domestic and wild mammals in Malaysia Author Kazim, Abdul-Rahman 0000-0002-6269-8390 Department of Medical Microbiology and Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Sungai Buloh Campus, Jalan Hospital, 47000 Sungai Buloh, Selangor, Malaysia. https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 6269 - 8390 Author Houssaini, Jamal 0000-0002-6269-8390 Department of Medical Microbiology and Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Sungai Buloh Campus, Jalan Hospital, 47000 Sungai Buloh, Selangor, Malaysia. https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 6269 - 8390 & Institute of Pathology, Laboratory and Forensic Medicine (I-PPerForM), Universiti Teknologi MARA, Sungai Buloh Campus, Jalan Hospital, 47000 Sungai Buloh, Selangor, Malaysia. https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0003 - 2254 - 2743 Author Tappe, Dennis 0000-0002-4493-0395 Bernhard Nocht Institute for Tropical Medicine, Hamburg, Germany. https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 4493 - 0395 Author Heo, Chong-Chin 0000-0002-6269-8390 Department of Medical Microbiology and Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Sungai Buloh Campus, Jalan Hospital, 47000 Sungai Buloh, Selangor, Malaysia. https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 6269 - 8390 & Institute of Pathology, Laboratory and Forensic Medicine (I-PPerForM), Universiti Teknologi MARA, Sungai Buloh Campus, Jalan Hospital, 47000 Sungai Buloh, Selangor, Malaysia. https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0003 - 2254 - 2743 text Zootaxa 2023 2023-04-04 5263 1 40 60 http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/PDIS-04-22-0755-PDN journal article 57643 10.11646/zootaxa.5263.1.2 7f4341a6-a271-4830-8713-0c6c88280f13 1175-5326 7797797 0D65E7BE-489B-49A4-A6F2-E1DA6962EF02 Heterodoxus spiniger ( Enderlein, 1909 ) Menopon spiniger Enderlein, 1909: 80 , pl. 8: figs 4, 5. Menopon ( Menacanthus ) spinigerum Neumann, 1912a: 364 , fig. 12. Heterodoxus armiferus Paine, 1912a: 362 , figs A–D. “ Heterodoxus longitarsus Werneck, 1936 ”: 492, figs 126–129. Not Menopon longitarsus Piaget, 1880 . Heterodoxus spiniger ( Enderlein, 1909 ) ; Plomley 1940: 19 , pl. 3: figs A–J, pl. 4: figs A–B, D–K, pl. 5: figs A, C–G, pl. 6: figs B–C. Heterodoxus spiniger ( Enderlein, 1909 ) ; Werneck 1948: 21 , figs 4–5. Heterodoxus spiniger ( Enderlein, 1909 ) ; Mustaffa-Babjee, 1969: 37 . Heterodoxus spiniger ; Macadam et al . 1984: 37 . Heterodoxus spiniger ( Enderlein, 1909 ) ; Price et al . 2003: 74 . Heterodoxus spiniger ; Wells et al . 2012: 912 . Heterodoxus spiniger ; Norhidayu et al. 2012: 301 . Type host: “House dog”, presumably Canis lupus familiaris Linnaeus, 1758 —Domestic dog. Type locality: Kalahari Desert , Southern Africa . Malaysian hosts: Canis lupus familiaris , Felis catus Linnaeus, 1758 . Malaysian localities: Kuala Nerang, Pendang ( Kedah ) Peninsular Malaysia ( Tay et al. 2014 ); Georgetown ( Pulau Pinang ) Peninsular Malaysia ( Norhidayu et al. 2012 ); Keningau, Kota Kinabalu, Penampang, Tambunan, Tamparuli, Tuaran & Ranau ( Sabah ) Malaysian Borneo ( Wells et al. 2012 ); Samarahan ( Sarawak ) Malaysian Borneo ( Ahmad 2013 ); Ampang ( Selangor ) Peninsular Malaysia ( Tay et al. 2014 ); “West Malaysia ”, Peninsular Malaysia ( Mustaffa-Babjee 1969 ). Geographical distribution: Worldwide except Europe, New Zealand and Antarctica ; more prevalent in tropical and subtropical regions. Remarks: Heterodoxus spiniger is a species from an Australian marsupial ( Kéler 1971 ), which has widely transferred to dogs, other canids and civets ( Price & Graham 1997 ; Price et al . 2003 ; Durden 2019 ). However, a number of studies in Singapore and Peninsular Malaysia have reported infestations of this louse species on domestic cats ( Colless 1959 ; Norhidayu et al. 2012 ; Mohd-Zain et al . 2013 ). Colless (1959) concluded that the transmission of H. spiniger to cats was a result of their close contact with dogs, but not due to change of host preference or host adaptation. This statement was further supported by Norhidayu et al . (2012) , commenting that the long time gap between their discovery and Colless’s (1959) report implied that it was a rare occurrence. However, Price & Graham (1997) argued that the infestation of H. spiniger on cats was well-established instead of accidental. Heterodoxus spiniger is known as the intermediate host of several helminthes, most notably the double-pored tapeworm Dipylidium caninum ( Linnaeus, 1758 ) (see Norhidayu et al . 2012 ), and the filarial nematode Acanthocheilonema reconditum (Grassi, 1889) (see Nelson 1962 ), although the latter is not known to injure its canine hosts seriously ( Price & Graham 1997 ). Mokhtar et al . (2011) reported Bartonella henselae (Regnery et al ., 1992) from H. spiniger using PCR assays. Conversely, Tay et al . (2014) detected no rickettsial pathogens from field collected H. spiniger in multiple locations in Peninsular Malaysia .