Taxonomic study of the genus Spilonota Stephens (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae: Olethreutinae: Eucosmini) with descriptions of two new species in Korea Author Choi, Seokhoon 0000-0002-2439-7941 Division of Life Sciences, College of Life Sciences and Bioengineering, Incheon National University, Academi-ro, Incheon 22012, South Korea. imbattery4y@naver.com Author Kim, Jeong-Nam 0000-0001-8635-6224 Division of Life Sciences, College of Life Sciences and Bioengineering, Incheon National University, Academi-ro, Incheon 22012, South Korea. kjn951001@naver.com Author Bayarsaikhan, Ulziijargal Bio-Resource and Environmental Center, Incheon National University, Academi-ro, Incheon 22012, South Korea. & Convergence Research Center for Insect Vectors, Division of Life Sciences, College of Life Sciences and Bioengineering, Incheon National University, Songdo ˗ dong, Incheon, 22012, South Korea. Author Jang, Chang Moon 0000--0003-4343-2279 Division of Life Sciences, College of Life Sciences and Bioengineering, Incheon National University, Academi-ro, Incheon 22012, South Korea. kewlwin@gmail.com Author Kim, Hanul 0000-0002-0625-5456 Division of Life Sciences, College of Life Sciences and Bioengineering, Incheon National University, Academi-ro, Incheon 22012, South Korea. hanul00000@naver.com Author Nasu, Yoshitsugu 0000-0002-0758-9597 06205@nifty.com Author Bae, Yang-Seop Division of Life Sciences, College of Life Sciences and Bioengineering, Incheon National University, Academi-ro, Incheon 22012, South Korea. & Bio-Resource and Environmental Center, Incheon National University, Academi-ro, Incheon 22012, South Korea. & Convergence Research Center for Insect Vectors, Division of Life Sciences, College of Life Sciences and Bioengineering, Incheon National University, Songdo ˗ dong, Incheon, 22012, South Korea. text Zootaxa 2024 2024-03-01 5418 4 357 370 http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5418.4.4 journal article 10.11646/zootaxa.5418.4.4 1175-5326 10730648 832D101C-1020-4957-80E6-E97F48E96086 Spilonota prognathana (Snellen, 1883) ( Figs 1F , 2F , 4F , 5E ) Grapholitha prognathana Snellen, 1883 , Tijdschr . Ent ., 26: 227 ( China ). Description. Adult . Wingspan 15–17 mm ; head and thorax bright brown; forewing ground color grayish brown; basal area dark brown mottled pattern; costa strigulae light grayish brown, indicated by pair; strigulae 1 and 2 located in basal fascia confluent with wing pattern, indistinct compared to other strigulae; strigulae 3 to 6 located in basal fascia confluent with wing pattern; pair strigulae 7 extend to inner and outer line, respectively; strigulae 8 and 9 extend to outer line; tornal blotch dark brown, subtriangular pattern, from dorsum 2/3 to tornus; apex dark brown; speculum ground color dark brown, inner and outer line of speculum color silver, line of speculum extended to tornus, with 3 to 5 small black inner spots; hindwing dark brown; cilia dark brown; abdomen brown. Male genitalia . Uncus absent; socii inward curved horn apex, waisted; tuba analis membranous; tegumen sclerotized; aedeagus 1/2 of length from tegumen to vinculum, bends lightly, deciduous cornuti; anellus narrow; vinculum small; caulis inverted trapezoid; basal opening about half width of valva, round rectangular shaped; sacculus hairy; valva long, tapering neck; cucullus hump-shaped, skewed outward, setae moderately dense; one pollex on edge. Female genitalia . Papillae anales with long and short hairs; lamella antevaginalis modestly towering, medially deep concave, bifid peaks; colliculum long more than half of ductus bursae length; corpus bursae spherical; signa pair, drill-shaped, equal size. Material examined [ Korea ]. 1 ♂ , Yeoncheon-gun , Mt. Gunja , 10–12. VII. 2000 ( Paek , Kim , Kim & Ko ), genitalia slide No. INU-13573 ; 1 ♀ , Jeju-shi , Temp. Gwaneum, 20. VI. 1999 ( M.K. Paek ), genitalia slide No. INU-13609 . Host plants. Corylus sieboldiana var. sieboldiana , Co . heterophylla , Carpinus laxiflora , Ca . cordata , Ostrya japonica [ Betulaceae ] ( Nasu 2021 ). Distribution. Korea (GG, JJ), China ( Zhang & Li 2005 ), Japan ( Nasu 2021 ), Russian Far East ( Kuznetzov 2001 ). Remarks. In Korea , this species was first recorded in Zoological Society of Korea (1968) . Subsequently, Park (1983) considered it synonymous with S . albicana based on Issiki (1957) . However, Oku (2003) regarded these as distinct independent species. Kuznetzov (2001) also noted that the two species are independent species: in S . albicana the forewing median fascia area is white and crossed, while in S . prognathana it is a mixture of deep grayish-white and light gray. Additionally, there are differences in the female genitalia, where the lamella antevaginalis of S . albicana is widely divided at the median, whereas in S . prognathana it is narrowly divided. Nasu (2021) also recorded that the two species have different host plants. In our study, we observed differences in the wing patterns and colors, as well as differences in the uncus and cucullus of the male genitalia ( Fig 1A, 1F , 2A, 2F ). Based on our work and the previous studies, we conclude that S . albicana and S . prognathana are distinct species.