Revision of Belvosia Robineau-Desvoidy (Diptera, Tachinidae) and 33 new species from Area de Conservacion Guanacaste in northwestern Costa Rica with a key to known North and Mesoamerican species Author Fleming, AJ https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0943-8047 Agriculture Agri-Food Canada, Ottawa, Canada ajfleming604@gmail.com Author Woodley, Norman https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9279-5271 ARS USDA, Arizona, United States of America Author Smith, M. Alex https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8650-2575 University of Guelph, Guelph, Canada Author Hallwachs, Winnie Department of Biology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States of America Author Janzen, Daniel H https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7335-5107 Department of Biology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States of America text Biodiversity Data Journal 2023 2023-06-30 11 103667 103667 http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/BDJ.11.e103667 journal article http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/BDJ.11.e103667 1314-2828-11-e103667 DA550910FE964DCF94A8D976762247F2 A5CB08B2813E5530B1AA5DC8EFAC5453 Belvosia carolinacanoae Fleming & Woodley sp. nov. Materials Type status: Holotype . Occurrence : occurrenceDetails: http://janzen.sas.upenn.edu; catalogNumber: DHJPAR0065397 ; recordedBy: D.H. Janzen , W. Hallwachs & Dinia Martinez ; individualID: DHJPAR0065397; individualCount: 1 ; sex: Male ; lifeStage: adult ; preparations: pinned; otherCatalogNumbers: ACGBA11837-21, 20-SRNP-70318, BOLD:AAB8626; occurrenceID: 8B74B807-F957-5A57-A4E1-DEE9C5EFF0F7 ; Taxon : scientificName: Belvosia carolinacanoae; phylum: Arthropoda ; class: Insecta ; order: Diptera ; family: Tachinidae ; genus: Belvosia ; specificEpithet: carolinacanoae; scientificNameAuthorship: Fleming & Woodley , 2023; Location : continent: Central America ; country: Costa Rica ; countryCode: CR; stateProvince: Guanacaste ; county: Sector Pitilla ; locality: Area de Conservacion Guanacaste ; verbatimLocality: Medrano ; verbatimElevation: 380 ; verbatimLatitude: 11.016; verbatimLongitude: -85.3805; verbatimCoordinateSystem: Decimal ; decimalLatitude: 11.016 ; decimalLongitude: -85.3805 ; Identification : identifiedBy: AJ Fleming ; dateIdentified: 2022; Event : samplingProtocol: Reared from the larvae of the Saturniidae , Hylesia dalina ; verbatimEventDate: 20-Mar-2020 ; Record Level: language: en; institutionCode: CNC; collectionCode: Insects; basisOfRecord: Pinned Specimen Type status: Paratype . Occurrence : occurrenceDetails: http://janzen.sas.upenn.edu; catalogNumber: DHJPAR0065381 ; recordedBy: D.H. Janzen , W. Hallwachs & Ricardo Calero ; individualID: DHJPAR0065381; individualCount: 1 ; sex: Male ; lifeStage: adult ; preparations: pinned; otherCatalogNumbers: ACGBA11821-21, 20-SRNP-70216, BOLD:AAB8626; occurrenceID: 29278A7B-C6AC-58F4-88D7-AB2C27B0C8E3 ; Taxon : scientificName: Belvosia carolinacanoae; phylum: Arthropoda ; class: Insecta ; order: Diptera ; family: Tachinidae ; genus: Belvosia ; specificEpithet: carolinacanoae; scientificNameAuthorship: Fleming & Woodley , 2023; Location : continent: Central America ; country: Costa Rica ; countryCode: CR; stateProvince: Guanacaste ; county: Sector Pitilla ; locality: Area de Conservacion Guanacaste ; verbatimLocality: Medrano ; verbatimElevation: 380 ; verbatimLatitude: 11.016; verbatimLongitude: -85.3805; verbatimCoordinateSystem: Decimal ; decimalLatitude: 11.016 ; decimalLongitude: -85.3805 ; Identification : identifiedBy: AJ Fleming ; dateIdentified: 2022; Event : samplingProtocol: Reared from the larvae of the Saturniidae , Hylesia dalina ; verbatimEventDate: 18-Mar-2020 ; Record Level: language: en; institutionCode: CNC; collectionCode: Insects; basisOfRecord: Pinned Specimen Type status: Paratype . Occurrence : occurrenceDetails: http://janzen.sas.upenn.edu; catalogNumber: DHJPAR0019474 ; recordedBy: D.H. Janzen , W. Hallwachs & Roster Moraga ; individualID: DHJPAR0019474; individualCount: 1 ; sex: Female ; lifeStage: adult ; preparations: pinned; otherCatalogNumbers: ASTAB022-07, 07-SRNP-21164, BOLD:AAB8626; occurrenceID: E53A2649-064A-51C1-85E8-C54D3A597C0D ; Taxon : scientificName: Belvosia carolinacanoae; phylum: Arthropoda ; class: Insecta ; order: Diptera ; family: Tachinidae ; genus: Belvosia ; specificEpithet: carolinacanoae; scientificNameAuthorship: Fleming & Woodley , 2023; Location : continent: Central America ; country: Costa Rica ; countryCode: CR; stateProvince: Guanacaste ; county: Sector Del Oro ; locality: Area de Conservacion Guanacaste ; verbatimLocality: Puente Mena ; verbatimElevation: 280 ; verbatimLatitude: 11.0456; verbatimLongitude: -85.4574; verbatimCoordinateSystem: Decimal ; decimalLatitude: 11.0456 ; decimalLongitude: -85.4574 ; Identification : identifiedBy: AJ Fleming ; dateIdentified: 2022; Event : samplingProtocol: Reared from the larvae of the Saturniidae , Hylesia continua ; verbatimEventDate: 18-May-2007 ; Record Level: language: en; institutionCode: CNC; collectionCode: Insects; basisOfRecord: Pinned Specimen Description Male (Fig. 22 ), length: 9-10mm. Head : head slightly wider than thorax; vertex 1/3 head width; gena 1/4 of head height, 1/3 of eye height. Fronto-orbital plate dull silver to pale gray can appear glabrous, can have hints of greenish gold around frontal setae. with two rows of frontal setae, black hair-like setulae intermingled with setae, with a few black colored setulae extending below lowest frontal seta; ocellar setae absent at most several hair-like setulae present on ocellar triangle; three proclinate orbital setae and one reclinate orbital seta outside of frontal row. Parafacial light yellow in ground color, densely covered in silver tomentum making the entire surface reflective and brilliant appearance; slightly setulose with yellow setulae along parafacial outside facial ridge (lower half), a small number of setulae extending just below lowest frontal setae, these mostly black; facial ridge setose along 3/4 of its length; gena covered in black setulae. Antenna, pedicel burnt orange, contrasting with postpedicel; postpedicel black, 3X as long as pedicel; arista bare gradually tapering to a point at tip. Palps, yellow-orange throughout and densely covered in short black setulae; gradually tapering to a slight point apically, devoid of setulae apically. Thorax : black ground color, with light gray tomentum throughout, when viewed dorsally tomentum appears dense and silver postsuturally; scutellum appearing dark brown-black to the naked eye, under microscope light bronze tomentum becomes apparent when view on an oblique caudal angle; scutum with four dorsal vittae, one outer pair, one inner pair broken at suture; lateral surface of thorax densely covered in long hair-like setulae, these setulae all black with the exception of the lowest portion of the katepisternum where the setulae turn to a reddish-brown, katepimeron with a small tuft of yellow yellow setulae; chaetotaxy: 3 strong setae on postpronotum arranged in a line, acrostichal setae 3:4; dorsocentral setae 3:4; intra-alar setae 3:3; supra-alar setae 2:3; 4 katepisternal setae, outer pair extremely strong, more than double the thickness of inner pairscutellum, with 4-5 pairs of long flat marginal setae of subequal length; apical setae present, short straight and erect, at a slight upward angle from the plane of the rest of the scutellar marginal setae; 1 complete row of scutellar discal setae just posterior to marginal setae. Wing : strongly infuscate, slightly darkened but not orange at wing base, with a brilliant orange basicosta; both upper and lower calypters also infuscate concolorous with remainder of wing; wing vein R4+5 setose, bearing only 2-3 setulae at base; halteres orange stalk with dark black/brown capitulum. Legs : black overall, coxa on midleg and hindleg with a few reddish-yellow setulae; tarsal claws yellow with black tips, with orange pulvilli subequal to length of tarsal claws; anterodorsal row of setae on hind tibia regularly sized and fringelike with 2-3 longer setae protruding. Abdomen : globose, with dark maroon ground color; bronze to gold tomentosity absent on T3, gold tomentum along anterior 50% of surface of T4 bisected medially by an area devoid of tomentum (only visible on some angles of light), densely gold tomentose throughout T5 reaching to hind margin of tergite, black around insertions of marginal setae; middorsal depression on ST1+2 reaching to hind margin of tergite, ventrobasally ST1+2 bearing a few light yellow setulae similar to those on thorax, no sex patch present; median marginal setae weak almost hair-like on ST1+2, strong on T3, and complete rows of setae on T4 and T5. Male terminalia (Fig. 23 ): sternite 5 with a deeply excavated median cleft along posterior edge, widely Y-shaped with a slight shoulder, marginally tomentose; posterior lobes rounded apically, with multiple strong setulae, surrounded by shorter hair-like setulae. Anterior plate of sternite 5, 1/2 as long as posterior lobes; unsclerotized "window" on anterior plate of sternite 5 translucent directly basal to posterior lobes, rectangular in shape, curving slightly upward at tips. Cerci in posterior view triangular, subequal to slightly shorter than surstyli; pointed at apex, fused along basal half, separating apically; in lateral view, with a slight arc at apex; densely setose along basal 3/4ths, underside of cerci bare along anterior 1/2. Surstylus in lateral view, slightly straight, strongly tapering apically to a sharp point ending in a slightly downcurved apex; surstylus appearing to be fused with epandrium; when viewed posteriorly surstyli slightly divergent apically. Pregonite broad, well-developed, apically squared off, blunt, devoid of setulae. Postgonite, slightly narrowed, 1/3 as wide as pregonite, rounded apically, curved, shorter than pregonite. Distiphallus slightly flared, more barrel shaped than cone-shaped, with a short and slender median longitudinal sclerotized reinforcement on its posterior surface and a broad, anterolateral, sclerotized acrophallus, on anterior surface near apex, ~1.6X as long as basiphallus, slight club apically. Female (Fig. 24 ) length: 10-11mm, overall morphology as in males except in the following character states: three proclinate orbital setae and one reclinate orbital seta outside of frontal row; chaetotaxy: acrostichal setae 4:3-4. Abdomen, slightyl more globose, with dark maroon ground color. Diagnosis Belvosia carolinacanoae sp. n. can be distinguished from all other Belvosia by the following combination of traits: fronto-orbital gray tomentose with a silver parafacial, pilosity of gena, and lowest frontal setulae dark, basicosta brilliant orange, abdomen with dark ground color, median marginal setae on syntergite 1+2 weak and hair-like almost absent, T4 bearing gold tomentum at least 10% coverage. Etymology Belvosia carolinacanoae sp. n , is named in honor of Sra. Carolina Cano in recognition of her decades of being part of the Parataxonomist Program of Area de Conservacion Guanacaste (http://www.acguanacaste.ac.cr) in northwestern Costa Rica ( Janzen and Hallwachs 2011 ). Interim species-specific name included in previously circulating databases and publications, Belvosia Woodley03D. Distribution Costa Rica, ACG, Guanacaste Province, 280-400 m elevation. Ecology Belvosia carolinacanoae sp. n. has been reared seven times from two species of Lepidoptera in the family Saturniidae , Hylesia continua (Walker, 1865) (N=2), and Hylesia dalina Schaus, 1911 (N=5) dry forest, and dry-rain lowland intergrade.