Three new genera of large marsh beetles (Coleoptera: Scirtidae) from Valdivian temperate rain forests of southern South America Author Ruta, Rafał text Zootaxa 2021 2021-10-08 5048 4 451 485 journal article 4049 10.11646/zootaxa.5048.4.1 243a784a-5175-4420-b3ca-9a05b8ca81fe 1175-5326 5556650 C1AE78B5-8BC2-4BEF-90E9-14CED750130F Mucronotus velutinus ( Solier, 1849 ) ( Figs 10H–I , 11B , 12 , 13F , 21–22 ) Material examined. 1 male , 1 female ( ANIC ): “ CHILE : Osorno Prov \ Parque Nac. Puyehue \ 4.1 km E Anticura \ 430m Site 662 19”, “ 26 Dec. 1982 Valdi- \ vian RF. Newton & \ Thayer”, “Malaise \ trap” . 1 male ( ANIC ): “Chile Chiloe \ Is. 21 km \ N Quellon \ II-6-1968 ”, “ Collectors : L& \ C. W. O’Brien ”. 2 exx. ( ANIC ): “ CHILE : Llanquihue \ Pr. Lago Chapo \ 13.5 km E Correntoso \ Site 656.310 m 16-27 \ Dec. 1982 Valdivian \ RF A. Newton M. Thayer ”; 11 exx. ( CMNC ) , 1 ex. ( FMNH ): “ CHILE : Osorno : Puyehue \ Nat. Pk ; Aquas Calientes \ 18.XII.84-8.II.85 \ S&J Peck, 600m , malaise \ Nothofagus forest” . 1 ex. ( CMNC ): “ CHILE : Palena Prov. \ 37 km SE Chaiten \ 28.XII.84- 30.I.85 \ S&J Peck, FIT, 60 m \ riverside 2nd rainforest”. 6 exx. ( CMNC ): “ CHILE : 40 km W Angol \ Nahuelbuta Nat. Pk. \ 9.XII.84-17.II.85 \ S&J Peck, 12-1500m , FITS \ Nothofagus-Araucaria For.”. 11 exx. ( CMNC ): “ CHILE : Malleco \ 17 km W Angol , 800 m \ 8.XII.84-16.II.85 \ S&J Peck, FIT \ mixed Nothofagus ”. 4 exx. ( CMNC ): “ CHILE : Valdivia \ 34 km WNW La Union \ 17.XII.84-7.II.85 \ S&J Peck, 700m , FIT \ mixed evergr. forest”. 28 exx. ( CMNC ), 30 exx. ( FMNH ): “ CHILE : Malleco; Puren \ Contulmo Natur. Mon. \ 11.XII.84-13.II.85 \ S&J Peck, FIT, 350m \ mixed evergr. forest”. 6 exx. ( CMNC ): “ CHILE : Valdivia \ 26 km SE Panguipulli \ 16.XII.84-11.II.85 \ S&J Peck, 300m , cartp \ Nothofagus remnant” . 1 ex. ( CMNC ): “ CHILE : Lago Chapo \ 34 km E Pto. Montt \ 24.XII.84-2.II.85 \ S&J Peck , 300m , FIT \ 2nd growth Nothofagus ” . 1 ex. ( CMNC ): “ CHILE : 11 km W Angol \ 9.XII.84-16.II.85 \ S&J Peck, 1000m \ carrion trap , boggy \ mixed forest remnant”. 5 exx. ( CMNC ): “ CHILE : Palena Prov. \ 37 km SE Chaiten \ 28.XII.84-30.I.85 \ S&J Peck, FIT, 60m \ riverside 2nd forest”. 3 exx. ( CMNC ): “ CHILE : Cautin ; 21km NE \ Pucon , Lago Caburga \ 15.XII.84-10.II.85 \ S&J Peck, FIT, 600m \ mixed forest remnant”. 5 exx. ( CMNC ): “ CHILE : 45 km W Angol \ Nahuelbuta Nat. Pk. \ 9.XII.84-16.II.85 \ S&J Peck, 1400m , car. tp. \ Nothofagus-Araucaria For.”. 4 exx. ( CMNH ): “Villarrica \ Cautin \ II-III-1979 \ Coll. L. E. Pena ”; “ CHILE ”; “CMNH Acc. \ No. 31811” . 1 ex. ( CMNH ): “ Nahuelbuta \ Malleco \ II-III-1979 \ Coll. L. E. Pena ”; „ CHILE ”; “CMNH Acc. \ No. 31811”. 2 exx. ( DBET ): “Chile, N. P. Puyehue , Anticura Sector \ Nothofahus forest , \ in litter. 10.01.2014 \ K. Eskov , R. Rakitov ”. 10 exx. ( DBET ): “ Chile , Chiloe Is., Senda \ Darwin Biol. Station . \ Boggy Baccharis mator- \ ral, in Sphagnum, 27.12. \ 2013-4.01.14, K. Eskov ”. 28 exx. ( DBET ): “ CHILE , Reg. X Chiloe \ Is. SE, 20 km NNW of Quellon , 216 m , 42.58, \ 73.45, 31 I 05, leg. Snižek ” . 1 ex. ( DBET ): “ CHILE w, Reg. X \ SW of Los Muermos \ 50 m 41.30, 73.35 \ 28.I.2005 , Snižek lgt.”. 6 exx. ( DBET ): “ CHILE CW, reg. X \ W of LA UNION \ E of EL MIRADOR \ 27.1.2004 \ LGT. M. SNIŽEK” . 1 ex. ( DBET ): “ CHILE W., Reg. X \ Purrangue 600 m \ W of Hueyusca \ 26.I.2005 M. Snižek ”. 3 exx. ( DBET ): “ CHILE W, reg. X \ SW of PUERTO MONTT \ W of PARGUA \ 29.1.2004 \ LGT. M. SNIŽEK” . 1 ex. ( DBET ): “ CHILE , reg. X \ S of CARIRRINGUE \ PANGUIPULLI \ 20.1.2004 , LGT. M. SNIŽEK”. 4 exx. ( DBET ): “ CHILE W, Reg. X Chiloe C, NW Castro \ San Pedro env. \ 2 II 2005 , leg. Snižek ”. 3 exx. ( DBET ): “ CHILE CW, reg. X \ NW of LA UNION \ St. ELISA env. \ 24.I.2004 \ LGT. M. SNIŽEK” . 1 ex. ( DBET ): “ CHILE E, reg. X \ E of PUERTO MONTT \ SE of LAGO CHAPO \ 30.I.2004 , LGT. M. SNIŽEK” . 1 ex. ( DBET ): “ CHILE CW, reg. IX \ SE of NUEVA TOLTÉN \ BOROA CENTRAL \ 22.I.2004 \ LGT. SNIŽEK”. 7 exx. ( EMEC ): “37°48’12’’S/73°01’28.5’’W \ CHILE , IX Region, vic. Nahuelbuta \ pitfall traps 7-25:i:2003 \ Colls. K. Will, S. Lew ”; “ Cyphon \ sp. \ det. J. E. Barriga ”; “ U. C. Berkeley \ EMEC 107088” [each specimen with individual number]. 2 exx. ( EMEC ): “60- CHILE X REGION \ Oncol Park , Quitaqui Way Fog- \ ging 15:32 PM, 10.I. 2007 , 519m \ 13°C, S39°42.071 / W73°18.547 \ Saxegothaea conspicua 45m \ Arias et al UC Berkeley”; “ Scirtidae \ Genero sp. 1 \ det. G. Arriagada 2007” . 1 ex. ( EMEC ): “57- CHILE X REGION \ Punta Curiñanco , Fogging \ 14:41 PM, 09.I. 2007 , 177m \ 16°C, S39°42.791 / W73°24.328 \ Aextoxicon punctatum 45 m \ Arias et al UC Berkeley”; “ Scirtidae \ Genero sp. 1 \ det. G. Arriagada 2007” . 1 ex. ( EMEC ): “58.- CHILE X REGION \ Punta Curiñanco , Fogging \ 16:33 PM, 09.I. 2007 , 115m \ 19°C S39°42.942 / W73°24.375 \ Aextoxicon punctatum 20m \ Arias et al UC Berkeley”; “ Scirtidae \ Genero sp. 1 \ det. G. Arriagada 2007” . 1 ex. ( EMEC ): “72- CHILE X REGION \ La Estancilla, Fogging 14:02 PM, \ 15.I.2007 , 62m 25°C, S39°50 . \ 397/ W73°18.949 Nothofagus dom - \ beyi , 45m , Arias et al UC Berkeley”; “ Scirtidae \ Genero sp. 1 \ det. G. Arriagada 2007” . 1 ex. ( EMEC ): “46.- CHILE IX REGION \ Nahuelbuta NP exit, Pichinahuel \ Fogging 13:53 PM, 05.I.2007 \ 1238m 22°C, S37°49.041 / W \ 73°00.214 , Araucaria araucana \ 15m \ Arias et al UC Berkeley”; “ Scirtidae \ Genero sp. 1 \ det. G. Arriagada 2007” . 2 males ( FMNH ): “ Pichinahuel \ Arauco Chile \ 3-11- I-1977 \ Coll. L.E.Pena ”, “Collection \ Pena-Vidal” . 1 male ( FMNH ): “ CHILE : Chiloé Pr. : Mira- \ flores, road to ( 0.6 km W \ Hwy 5), 130m , 42° \ 46.73’S, 73°47.71’W, \ 17.i.1997 , secondary \ Valdivian rainforest;”, “beating flowering Cald- \ cluvia paniculata (Cun- \ oniaceae), A. Newton & \ M. Thayer 994 \ FIELD MUS. NAT. HIST.” . 4 males ( FMHN ): “Chile”, “specimen orig. without \ labels in colln. but \ asociated with specimens \ bearing attached data”, CNHM \ Karl Brancsik colln. \ ex Eduard Knirsch ”. 3 exx. ( MHNG ): “ CHILE : X Reg. Prov. Osorno \ PN Puyehue, Aguas \ Calientes, 400-500 m \ 31.XII.1990 - 1.I.1991 \ Agosti & Burckhardt #25b” . 1 ex. ( MHNG ): “ CHILE : X Reg. Prov. Osorno \ PN Puyehue, Aguas \ Calientes , 400-500 m \ 31.XII.1990 - 1.I.1991 \ Agosti & Burckhardt #25a”. 5 exx. ( MHNG ): “ CHILE : IX Reg. Prov. Cautin \ PN Huerquehue, 800 m \ 22-25.XII.1990 , Valdivian \ lauriphyllous forest \ Agosti & Burckhardt #17b” . 1 male ( MNHN ): “1361” [handwritten, without other labels] . 1 male ( MNHN ): “1363” [handwritten], “ Elodes \? Rousselii Sol ” [handwritten] . 1 ex. ( NHM ): “30 CHILE Chiloé \ Cucao : PN Chiloé \ Stream in tepú forest \ I. Ribera leg. 4.II.1999 ”; “BM 1999-195 \ 19.i.-9.ii.1999 ”. 12 exx. ( NMPC ): “ CHILE , IX. r. 1.-3.2. \ 2005, Manzanar \ 38°28.071-71°41.873 \ 800m , Sv. Bilý leg.”. 6 exx. ( NMPC ): “ CHILE , IX. r., 9.-11.2. \ 2005, P. N. Nahuelbuta \ 37°48.530-73°00.954 \ 1200m , Sv. Bilý leg.”. 10 exx. ( NMPC ): “ CHILE , X. r., 6.2.2005 \ 45 km W of La Unión \ 40°12.784-73°23.462 \ 900m , Sv. Bilý leg.”. 3 exx. ( NMPC ): “ CHILE , IX. r., 25.-31.1. \ 2005, P. N. Nahuelbuta \ 37°48.530-73°00.954 \ 1200m , Sv. Bilý leg.”. 2 exx. ( NMPC ): “ CHILE , IX. r., 12.-14.2. \ 2005, Trm. de Tolhuaca \ 38°14.162-71°44.027 \ 900m , Sv. Bilý leg.”. 2 exx. ( SDEI ): “Chile, coll. Kraatz ”, “ Pic det., Elodes var. velutina Sol. ” Diagnosis. Posterolateral angles of pronotum broadly rounded; elytra covered with dense but small punctures; processes of trigonium shorter than pala, curved, with ca. 30 denticles on its margin; anterior portion of bursal sclerite with two crescent-like emarginations. FIGURE 21. Mucronotus velutinus (Solier) , male. A) terminal segments and genitalia; B) penis; C) tegmen; D) sternite VIII; E) sternite IX; F) tergite VIII; G) tergite IX. Scale bar = 0.5 mm. Description. Male. Body moderately large (TL 5.4–6.9 mm ), elongate (TL/EW 1.8–1.9), widest in the middle of elytra, moderately convex. Colouration chestnut brown. Head ca. 1.4× wider than interocular space, convex, covered with dense, nearly confluent, granulate punctures, separated by ca. 0.1× diameter of a puncture; eyes moderately large, protuberant. Pronotum transverse (PW/PL 2.1–2.2), punctation on disc not granulate, sparse, punctures separated by ca. the diameter of a puncture, punctation on sides granulate, very dense, similar to that on head, lateral carinae of pronotum rounded, posterolateral angles widely rounded, anterolateral angles subtriangular. Elytra long, 4.3–4.8× longer than pronotum, 1.3–1.5× wider than pronotum; punctation irregular, dense, separated by ca. 0.5–1.0× diameter of a puncture. Aedeagus symmetrical, penis ( Fig. 21B ) large (L 1.27 mm , W 0.33 mm), dorsoventrally flattened; trigonium bifid, each process of trigonium curved, with ca. 30 denticles; parameroids subtriangular, digitiform in apical portion, slightly longer than processes of trigonium. Tegmen ( Fig. 21C ) large (L 1.2 mm , W 0.77 mm), subrectangular, with small, subtriangular lateral processes; ventral processes wide, each with two lobes (large suboval and small subtriangular one); parameres relatively wide, digitiform, densely covered with short setae. Sternite VIII ( Fig. 21D ) (L 0.67 mm , W 0.43 mm) widely v-shaped, with sparse setation at apex; sternite IX ( Fig. 21E ) (L 0.70 mm , W 0.50 mm) oval, consisting of two subtriangular hemisternites, apical portion covered with setae. Tergite VIII ( Fig. 21F ) large (L 0.87 mm , W 0.77 mm), apodemes shorter than apical plate, apical plate subtrapezoidal, apical margin rounded, with a row of sparse setae. Tergite IX ( Fig. 21G ) (L 0.63 mm , W 0.47 mm) with short apodemes, apical portion membranous, setation indistinct. Female. Body of similar size (TL 5.60–6.30 mm ), setation of dorsum dense, recumbent; head with coarse, confluent punctures; disc of pronotum more convex than in males; pronotal disc densely covered with small, not granulate punctures, separated by ca. the diameter of a puncture, lateral sides of pronotum with coarse, confluent, granulate punctures, similar to those on head; punctures on elytra small, separated by ca. 1.0–2.0× diameter of a puncture; adscutellar area of elytra slightly depressed; ovipositor long (L 3.7 mm , Fig. 22A ), without branchlets, coxites subtriangular, elongated, apices of coxites with numerous short setae, styli apical, with two single patches of sensillae, bursal sclerite (L 1.7 mm , W 0.5 mm) elongate, anterior portion with two crescent-like emarginations ( Fig. 22C ). FIGURE 22. Mucronotus velutinus (Solier) , female genitalia (gla—gland, bscl—bursal sclerite, bsl—bursella). A) genital tract; B) gland and bursella; C) bursal sclerite; D) bursellar membrane, close-up; E) glandular membrane, close-up. Abbreviations: bscl—bursal sclerite, bsl—bursella, cr—cuticular rings, gla—gland. Scale bars = 1.0 mm (A, B), 0.5 mm (C), figures D and E not to the scale. Measurements and ratios. Males (n = 10) TL 5.40–6.90 mm ( 6.10 mm ), PL 1.00– 1.30 mm ( 1.1 mm ), PW 2.10–2.80 mm ( 2.4 mm ), EL 4.60–5.80 mm (5.0 mm), EW 3.00– 3.90 mm ( 3.3 mm ), TL/EW 1.8–1.9 (1.8), PW/PL 2.1–2.2 (2.2), EL/EW 1.4–1.6 (1.5), EL/PL 4.3–4.8 (4.5), EW/PW 1.3–1.5 (1.4). Females (n = 10) TL 5.60–6.30 mm (6.0 mm), PL 1.00– 1.25 mm ( 1.1 mm ), PW 2.40–2.70 mm ( 2.5 mm ), EL 4.60–5.20 mm ( 4.9 mm ), EW 3.00– 3.50 mm ( 3.3 mm ), TL/EW 1.7–1.9 (1.8), PW/PL 2.1–2.5 (2.3), EL/EW 1.4–1.6 (1.6), EL/PL 4.0–4.8 (4.7), EW/PW 1.3–1.4 (1.3). Distribution. A very common species, recorded from the following regions of Chile : Bío Bío, Araucanía , Los Ríos , and Los Lagos ( Fig. 24D ). Biology. The species occurs in Valdivian temperate forests with Aextoxicon punctatum , Araucaria araucana , Nothofagus dombeyi , and Saxegothaea conspicua . One of the specimens was collected on a flowering Caldcluvia paniculata (Cav.) D. Don. A description of a plausible larva of M. velutinus was published by Ruta et al. (2018) . In the original description, Solier (1849) noted that M. velutinus was collected together with Solierodes rousseli .