A taxonomic overview of Notylia platyglossa Schltr. and related species (Orchidaceae) Author De Oliveira, Miguel S. 0000-0001-8931-4978 Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Biológicas - Botânica Tropical, Universidade Federal Rural da Amazônia / Museu Paraense Emílio Goeldi, 66077 - 830, Belém, Pará, Brazil miguelsena2010@hotmail.com Author Krahl, Amauri H. 0000-0001-7862-9624 Programa de Pós-Graduação em Botânica, Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia - INPA, Av. André Araújo 2936, Aleixo, 69060 - 001 Manaus, Amazonas, Brazil amaurikrahl@hotmail.com Author Silva, João B. F. 0000-0002-1003-1041 Mineração Rio do Norte, Rua Rio Jari s. n., 68275 - 000, Porto Trombetas, Oriximiná, Pará, Brazil jb.bina@gmail.com Author Krahl, Dayse R. P. 0000-0003-2899-9453 Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biodiversidade e Biotecnologia da Rede BIONORTE, Universidade Federal do Amapá, Rodovia Josmar Chaves Pinto, Km 2, Jardim Marco Zero, 68903 - 419, Macapá, Amapá, Brazil dayseraiane@hotmail.com Author Viana, Pedro L. 0000-0001-5044-0758 Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Biológicas - Botânica Tropical, Universidade Federal Rural da Amazônia / Museu Paraense Emílio Goeldi, 66077 - 830, Belém, Pará, Brazil & Instituto Nacional da Mata Atlântica. Av. José Ruschi No. 3, 29650 - 000, Santa Maria Teresa, Espírito Santo, Brazil pedroviana@museu-goeldi.br Author Meneguzzo, Thiago E. C. 0000-0003-4760-9588 Instituto de Pesquisas Jardim Botânico do Rio de Janeiro, Rua Pacheco Leão 915, Jardim Botânico, 22460 - 030, Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil & Univeridade de Brası ́ lia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Departamento de Botânica, caixa postal 4457, 70919 - 970, Brası ́ lia, Distrito Federal, Brazil & Museu Nacional, Departamento de Botânica, Quinta da Boa Vista s. n., São Cristóvão, 20940 - 040, Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil botanica@meneguzzo.net.br text Phytotaxa 2024 2024-06-21 655 1 79 88 http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.655.1.6 journal article 10.11646/phytotaxa.655.1.6 1179-3163 13217219 2. Notylia boliviensis Schlechter (1922: 53) . ( Figure 3 ). Type :— BOLIVIA . Santa Cruz: Río Branco , August 1907 , T . Herzog 235 ( B destroyed). Neotype ( designated here ): BRAZIL . Pará : Oriximiná , Porto Trombetas , Floresta Nacional de Saracá-Taquera , Teófilo plateau, 15 September 2022 , J . B . F . da Silva 5518 ( HUAM 12536 !). FIGURE 3. Notylia boliviensis . A. Habit. B. Bracteole. C. Inflorescence. D. Flower in front view. E. Flower in oblique view. F. Flower in side view. G. Flower dissected. H. Pedicel, ovary and column in ventral view. I. Pedicel, ovary and column in dorsal view. J. Pollinarium. K. Anther. Photos by A.H. Krahl. Description— Epiphytic, cespitose. Rhizome inconspicuous. Pseudobulb 2.2–3.3 × 0.2–0.8 cm , oblong, unifoliate at the apex, green. Leaf 8.3–11.7 × 3.2–4.5 cm , broadly elliptic, conduplicate, entire margin and slightly wavy, apex obtuse. Inflorescence 15.1–20.3 cm length, lateral, pendent, raceme, multiflora, 55–75 flowers; bracteole ca. 0.3× 0.1 cm , lanceolate, apex acute. Flowers yellowish with orange spots on the petals, glabrous, pedicelled; pedicel + ovary ca. 3.0 mm length; dorsal sepal ca. 5.0 mm × 2.0 mm, elliptic, concave, apex obtuse; lateral sepals ca. 5.0 × 2.0 mm, 2/3 adnate, lanceolate, concave, apex obtuse; petals ca. 0.4 × 0.2 cm , lanceolate, concave, apex obtuse; lip ca. 4.0 ×4.0 mm, entire, chordate, apex obtuse, curtly unguiculate, ecarinate. Column ca. 0.3 cm length, greenish, glabrous; pollinium 2, yellow. Fruit not observed. Distribution and ecology: — Notylia boliviensis ( Figure 3 ) is an endemic species of South America with confirmed occurrence in Bolivia and Brazil ( Tropicos 2024 ). Was mentioned for Peru by Schweinfurth, however, the species described by the author was N. platyglossa ( Schweinfurth 1961 ) . In Brazil , it occurs exclusively in the phytogeographic domain of the Amazon, in the state of Amapá (Flora e Funga do Brasil 2024 ) ( Figure 4 ). However, the species N. boliviensis is listed as not occurring in Brazil , due to it being erroneously treated as Notylia platyglossa Schltr. (Flora e Funga do Brasil 2024 ). The specimen gathered by H. Sick without a collection number in Serra do Navio in the state of Amapá , was mistakenly identified by Pabst in 1966 as N. platyglossa ( Pabst 1967: 184 ) due to him neglecting the absence of the carena on the adaxial face of the lip. Here, we update the indication of the voucher material and recognize it as the first record of N. boliviensis for Brazil . In addition, two other new records are also recognized within the Brazilian territory, namely for the states of Pará and Roraima ( Figure 4 ). FIGURE 4. Location of occurrence points of Notylia boliviensis Schltr. Brazilian states: AP—Amapá, AM—Amazonas, AC—Acre, MA—Maranhão, PA—Pará, RO—Rondônia, RR—Roraima. Conservation status: —The EOO was estimated at 1,039,545.012 km 2 (corresponding to “Least Concern (LC)” according to criterion B1) and AOO was 16 km 2 (corresponding to “Endangered (EN)” according to criterion B2), with less than five known populations (corresponding to “Endangered (EN)” according to subcriterion B2a). It presents continuous decline in area of occupation and fragmentation of its habitats located in areas subject to threat (subcriterion B2b (ii,iii, iv)). The record of this species in the Saracá-Taquera National Forest is only known within one conservation unit in Brazil . Therefore, applying the IUCN criteria (2012, 2022), the taxon can be considered EN [B2ab (ii, iii,iv)]. Additional specimens examined: — BRAZIL . Amapá : Serra do Navio 1966, ex hort., 13 January 1966 , Sick s.n. ( HB 40870 ) ; Roraima : Mucajaí , Apiaú , vicinal 26, 21 February 2022 , Silva 5510 ( HUAM ) . Taxonomic discussion: Schlechter (1922) described N. boliviensis based on the material collected by Theodor Herzog under collection number 235 in the year 1907, which was deposited in the Berlin herbarium and subsequently destroyed during the bombings of World War II ( Butzin 1978 , 1980 ; Barringer 1986 ). In the protologue, Schlechter does not inform the exact place of collection of N. boliviensis . However, it is known that Theodor Herzog carried out expeditions in 1907 in the department of Santa Cruz, in the province of Guarayos, where he carried out collections in the cities of Urubichá and Ascension de Guarayos, on both banks of the Blanco River where N. boliviensis was probably collected ( Herzog 1910 , 1923 ). After consulting all the herbariums in Bolivia (BOLV, HSB, LPB (including the Herbarium Vasquezianum) and USZ), no material that corresponds to the characteristics described in the protologue by Schlechter was found. All examined materials identified as N. boliviensis correspond to N. platyglossa , mistakenly identified by Vásquez based on Dodson & Vásquez Chávez (1989: t. 264). Therefore, in the absence of original materials or corresponding to those described in the protologue deposited in Bolivian herbaria, we designate Silva 5518 the HUAM sample that has all the characteristics described in the protologue by Schlechter (1922) as the neotype .