Vespertilionidae
Author
Don E. Wilson
Author
Russell A. Mittermeier
text
2019
2019-10-31
Lynx Edicions
Barcelona
Handbook of the Mammals of the World – Volume 9 Bats
716
981
book chapter
56755
10.5281/zenodo.6397752
45351c32-25dd-422c-bdb2-00e73deb4943
978-84-16728-19-0
6397752
391.
Golden Myous
Myotis midastactus
French:
Murin midas
/
German:
Goldgelbes Mausohr
/
Spanish:
Ratonero dorado
Other common names:
Midas Myotis
Taxonomy.
Myotis midastactus Moratelli & Wilson, 2014
,
“Cercado, Rio Mamoré,
Beni
,
Bolivia
, about
23 km
W of San Javier (1434S, 64°B5"W).”
Subgenus Pyzonix;
ruber
species group.
Myotis midastactus
was recently described from 28 specimens originally identified as
Myotis simus
. Monotypic.
Distribution.
Known only from
Bolivia
(
Beni
and Santa Cruz departments) and
Paraguay
(
Presidente Hayes
Departament).
Descriptive notes.
Head—body ¢.
50-59 mm
, tail
36-41 mm
, ear
12-15 mm
, hindfoot
8-11 mm
, forearm 38-2—40-
7 mm
; weight
6-11 g
. The Golden
Myotis
is morphologically similar to the Velvety
Myotis
(
M. simus
) but easily distinctive to other New World
Myotis
. It differs from all other South American myotine bats (except the Velvety
Myotis
) by having plagiopatagium attached at toes by narrow band of membrane (less than
1-5 mm
). Pelage is woolly, extremely short (less than
5 mm
), and bright golden yellow. Bolivian samples are ocherous orange dorsally, with slightly paler venter. A few specimens are slightly paler, with mixed blocks of grayish and golden fur. Ears are short, extending forward halfway from eye to nostril. Antitragal notch is barely evident; tragus is pointed, slightly curving outward above and convex below, with small triangular lobule at outer base. Ears and membranes are blackish. Skull is moderately long (greatest skull lengths 13-9-15-
1 mm
), and occipital region is flattened. Sagittal and occipital crests are present and vary from low to moderately high. C' is large in length and basal cross section, and there is short distance between C' and P*, resulting in P* and P* being close or in actual contact, displacing P? lingually so that P? is usually not visible in labially. Chromosomal complement has 2n = 44 and FN = 50, with three large and one small metacentric and 17 medium to small acrocentric pairs of autosomes. X-chromosome is medium submetacentric, and Y-chromosome is small acrocentric.
Habitat.
Semideciduous forest (Cerrado ecoregion,
Bolivia
) and savanna (Chaco ecoregion,
Paraguay
) at elevations of ¢.
150-250 m
.
Food and Feeding.
The Golden
Myotis
is an aerial insectivore. Its diet contains
Orthoptera (Gryllidae)
,
Hemiptera (Corixidae)
,
Hemiptera
(
Cicadellidae
,
Delphacidae
),
Coleoptera
(
Carabidae
,
Dytiscidae
,
Staphylinidae
,
Scarabaeidae
,
Curculionidae
),
Lepidoptera
(at least three families), and
Diptera (Nematocera)
. Nine of ten prey items in stomachs were less than
10 mm
long. Dietary items indicate that it forages in forest interiors and near water bodies.
Breeding.
Ten pregnant Golden
Myotis
, each with one embryo, were caught in September in
Bolivia
, and four pregnant females were caught in October in
Paraguay
.
Activity patterns.
The Golden
Myotis
emerges just before sunset. It roosts in hollow trees and holes in the ground and under thatched roofs in
Bolivia
.
Movements, Home range and Social organization.
The Golden
Myotis
roosts with
the Argentine
Serotine (Eptesicusfurinalis), the Lesser Bulldog Bat (
Noctilio
albiventris), and Pallas’s Mastiff Bat (Molossus molossus). Golden
Myotis
and Lesser Bulldog Bats habiting the same roost had similarly colored fur, texture, and smell. Data from these roosts suggest that Golden
Myotis
are solitary or form very small groups.
Status and Conservation.
Not
assessed on The IUCN Red List.
Bibliography.
Aguirre (1994), Aguirre, Lens & Matthysen (2003), Anderson (1997), Espinoza (2007), Moratelli & Wilson (2014a), Moratelli, Idarraga & Wilson (2015), Tarifa & Aguirre (2009).