Revision of the Nearctic Species of the Shore-Fly Genus Scatophila Becker (Diptera: Ephydridae) Author Zatwarnicki, Tadeusz 0000-0003-2163-0143 Institute of Biology, Opole University, ul. Oleska 22, 45 - 052 Opole, Poland zatwar @ uni. opole. pl; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0003 - 2163 - 0143 zatwar@uni.opole.pl Author Mathis, Wayne N. 0000-0003-2163-0143 Institute of Biology, Opole University, ul. Oleska 22, 45 - 052 Opole, Poland zatwar @ uni. opole. pl; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0003 - 2163 - 0143 & Department of Entomology, PO BOX 37012, MRC 169, Smithsonian Institution, Washington, DC 20013 - 7012, USA mathisw @ si. edu; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 5012 - 1762 & Institute of Biology, Opole University, ul. Oleska 22, 45 - 052 Opole, Poland zatwar @ uni. opole. pl; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0003 - 2163 - 0143 zatwar@uni.opole.pl text Zootaxa 2024 2024-07-30 5487 1 1 100 http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5487.1.1 journal article 10.11646/zootaxa.5487.1.1 1175-5334 13210771 50AC1672-FC20-4502-8D8A-4BCAE95F719B 21. Scatophila disjuncta Cresson Figs. 184–192 , 194 Scatophila disjuncta Cresson 1935: 371 .— Sturtevant and Wheeler 1954: 191 [review].— Wirth 1965: 758 [ Nearctic catalog].— Zatwarnicki 1987: 292 [checklist].— Zatwarnicki and Mathis 1994: 365 [phylogeny, quadriguttata group].— Mathis and Zatwarnicki 1995: 283 [world catalog]. Diagnosis.—This species is distinguished from congeners by the following combination of characters: Body generally gray with come brown areas on thorax medially; small to moderately small shore flies, body length 1.50–2.70 mm . Head ( Figs. 184–187 ): Mesofrons and fronto-orbits tan to brown; parafrons charcoal to grayish charcoal. Face of ♂ with medial area shallowly concave, depressed, ventral margin very slightly projected, bearing several setulae; shallow facial depression faintly tan to mostly gray, becoming gray to whitish gray laterally; face of female microtomentose, dull, mostly gray with only bases of some setulae brownish; gena moderately high, subequal to height of basal flagellomere; gena-to-eye ratio 0.35–0.55. Thorax ( Figs. 191–192 ): Mesonotum ( Fig. 191 ) mostly gray to gray with brown medially with brown pattern becoming wider posteriorly, extent of brown coloration quite variable, extensively gray laterad of acrostichal track and generally laterally; a medial, brown stripe; scutellar disc extensively gray, lateral margins darkened; presutural dorsocentral setae lacking; pleural area extensively gray. Wing ( Fig. 192 ); cell r 1 lacking spots, or with a single, weak, basal white area, or wings very pale, not conspicuously appearing spotted; costal vein ratio 0.23–0.30; M 1 vein ratio 0.54–0.64. Knob of halter yellow. Legs, including tarsi, mostly black, femora and tibiae with grayish microtomentum; male midfemur lacking row of spine-like setulae along posteroventral margin. Abdomen ( Figs. 188–190 ): Tergites dark anteriorly but with extensive, wide, gray fascia posteriorly; tergite 5 of male gray. Male terminalia ( Figs. 188–190 ): Epandrium in posterior view ( Fig. 188 ) generally oval except for truncate dorsal and ventral margins, width about 2/3 height, lateral margins shallowly curved, width of truncate dorsal margin slightly less than width of cercal opening, width ventral margin about equal to width of cercal opening, with a medial triangular point; epandrial setae about equal in length, sparser medially and laterally, more abundant along ventral margin; height of cercal opening about 1/3 epandrial height; cerci in posterior view ( Fig. 188 ) hemispherical; aedeagus in lateral view ( Fig. 190 ) moderately rounded basally, height at base twice that of apical margin, posterior margin mostly truncate but with a short pointed, digitiform process at posterodorsal angle, dorsal margin moderately excavated, cavity slight longer than width of opening, in ventral view ( Fig. 189 ) ovate, lateral margins shallowly curved; ventral aedeagal process shallowly C-shaped; phallapodeme in lateral view ( Fig. 190 ) elongate, narrow, parallel sided, distinctly elbowed, dorsal process shorter than ventral process, in ventral view ( Fig. 189 ) with T-shaped crossbar, lateral processes of crossbar tapered to rounded point, medial process nearly parallel sided; postgonite in lateral view ( Fig. 190 ) generally V-shaped, dorsal extension irregularly rectangular with posterodorsal corner slightly produced, posteriorly narrowed, forming a thumb-like process that bears a nipple-like point, apical process bearing setulae, ventral arm narrow, elongate, almost parallel sided, in ventral view ( Fig. 189 ) with posterior processes generally narrow, apices widened; neohypandrium in lateral view ( Fig. 190 ) elongated, narrow, base twice width of rest of structure, doubly angulate, 2nd angulate structure uniformly narrow, apical extension nearly twice base. FIGURES 184–187. Head of Scatophila disjuncta Cresson. 184. Male, latero-oblique view. 185. Male, lateral view. 186. Female, latero-oblique view. 187. Female, lateral view. Scale bar = 0.2 mm. Type Material.— The holotype male of Scatophila disjuncta Cresson is labeled “ YosemiteValley [,] V , 22,08, [ 22 May 1908 ] Cal [ifornia]./ ♂ / TYPE No. 6523[,] Scatophila DISJUNCTA ♂ E. T . Cresson,Jr. [dark pink; species name, number, and gender handwritten]. The holotype is double mounted (minute nadel in rectangular card block), is in good condition, and is deposited in the ANSP (6523). Other Specimens Examined.— UNITED STATES . ALASKA . Fairbanks North Star : Fairbanks , Lake Ballaine ( 64°52.2'N , 147°49.5'W ; 160 m ), 2 Aug 2011 , D . and W . N . Mathis ( 1♂ ; USNM ); Chena Lake Recreation Area ( 64°47.6'N , 147°11.4'W ), 10 Aug 2003 , D . and W . N . Mathis ( 1♂ ; USNM ). Kenai Peninsula : Kenai ( 60°33.8'N , 151°07.4'W ), 2 Aug 2003 , D . and W . N . Mathis ( 2♂ , 2♀ ; USNM ). Matanuska-Susitna : Willow Creek ( 61°46.1'N , 150°04.2'W ; 50 m ), 10 Jul 2006 , D . and W . N . Mathis ( 4♂ , 4♀ ; USNM ). Valdez-Cordova ( Census Area ): Gulkana River ( 19.3 km N Glennallen ; 62°16.1'N , 145°23.1'W ), 27 Jul–7Aug 2011 , D . and W . N . Mathis ( 14♂ , 4♀ ; USNM ); Klutina River (mile 101; 61°57.2'N , 145°19.3'W ; 315 m ), 7 Aug 2012 , D . and W . N . Mathis ( 5♂ , 2♀ ; USNM ) . ARIZONA . Gila : Clover Springs ( 34°27'N , 111°22'W ), 22 Jun 1951 , A. H. Sturtevant ( 1♂ ; USNM ) . CALIFORNIA. Humbolt: Trinidad ( 41°03.5′N , 124°08.6′W ) , 18 Sep 1924 , A. L. Melander ( 2♂ , 2♀ ; USNM ). Los Angeles : Los Angeles ( 34°03.1′N , 118°14.6′W ) , 29 Apr 1915 , M. C. VanDuzee ( 1♂ ; USNM ). Madera : San Joaquin Experiment Station ( 37°06.2′N , 119°44.3′W ) , 1953, P. D. Hurd ( 1♀ ; USNM ) . FIGURES 188–190 . Male terminalia of Scatophila disjuncta Cresson. 188. Epandrium and cerci, posterior view. 189. Internal male terminalia (gonite, phallapodeme, aedeagus, neohypandrium), ventral view. 190. Same, lateral view. Scale bar = 0.1 mm. FIGURES 191–193 . Head, thorax, and wing of Scatophila . 191. Scatophila disjuncta Cresson , head and thorax, dorsal view. 192 – 193. Wing, dorsal view. 192. S. disjuncta Cresson. 193. S. hirsuta Sturtevant & Wheeler. Scale bar = 0.2 mm. NEW MEXICO . Catron : Glenwood ( 33°18.8'N , 108°53.1'W ), 8 Jun 1951 , A. H. Sturtevant ( 1♀ ; USNM ) ; Silver City ( 32°46.4'N , 108°16.5'W ; 1790 m ), 7 Jun 1951 , A. H. Sturtevant ( 1♂ ; USNM ) . Santa Fe : Espanola ( 35°59.5′N , 106°04.9′W ), 11 Aug 1953 , W. B. Heed ( 1♀ ; USNM ) OREGON . Curry : Gold Beach ( 90 km E; 42°24.4'N , 123°25.3'W ), 2 Spe 1961, K. Goeden ( 1♀ ; USNM ) ; Ophir ( 42°33.8′N , 124°23′W ), 28 Jul 1951 , A. H. Sturtevant ( 2♂ ; USNM ) . Deschutes : Bend ( 44°03.5'N , 121°18.9'W ), 8 Aug 1951 , A. H. Sturtevant ( 2♂ ; USNM ) . UTAH . Grand : Green River ( 15.3 km N; 39°7'N , 110°6.6'W ; 1225 m ), 30 Jul 2007 , D. and W. N. Mathis ( 25♂ , 7♀ ; USNM ) . WASHINGTON . Chelan : Lake Wenatchee ( 47°48.7'N , 120°43.6'W ), 4 Aug 1951 , A. H. Sturtevant ( 1♂ , 1♀ ; USNM ) ; Peshastin ( 47°34.2'N , 120°36.2'W ), 5 Aug 1951 , A. H. Sturtevant ( 1♂ , 1♀ ; USNM ) . Skamania : Carson Hot Springs ( 45°43.7'N , 121°47.9'W ), 1 Jul 1988 , D. and W. N. Mathis ( 6♂ ; USNM ) . Snohomish : Verlot ( 48°05.4'N , 121°46.6'W ), 3 Aug 1951 , A. H. Sturtevant ( 1♂ ; USNM ) . Type Locality.— United States . California . Mariposa : Yosemite Valley ( 37°44'N , 119°36'W ) . Distribution ( Fig. 194 ).— Nearctic : United States ( Alaska , Arizona , California , New Mexico , Oregon , Utah , Washington ). Remarks.—This species is placed in the quadriguttata group.