Two unrecorded species of the family Comesomatidae Filipjev, 1918 (Nematoda: Araeolaimida) from Korea Author Hong, Jung-Ho Biodiversity Research Institute, Marine Act Co., Seoul 04790, Republic of Korea Author Kim, Hyeonggeun Department of Environmental Science, Hanyang University, Seoul 04763, Republic of Korea & Species Diversity Research Division, National Institute of Biological Resources, Incheon 22689, Republic of Korea Author Kim, Kichoon Biodiversity Research Institute, Marine Act Co., Seoul 04790, Republic of Korea Author Lee, Seunghan Biodiversity Research Institute, Marine Act Co., Seoul 04790, Republic of Korea Author Lee, Kanghyun Lee and Wonchoel text Journal of Species Research 2023 12 2 122 149 journal article 10.12651/JSR.2023.12.2.122 2713-8615 13138607 Setosabatieria hilarula de Man, 1922 ( Figs. 6-8 , Table 4 ) A B D C E Fig. 6. Setosabatieria hilarula de Man, 1922 from East Sea, Korea, male 1: A. pharynx; B. head; C. precloacal and anal region; D. tail; E. habitus. Scale bars: 20 μm (A- D) and 100 μm (E). D Fig. 7. Setosabatieria hilarula de Man, 1922 from East Sea, Korea, female 1: A. pharynx; B. head; C. tail; D. vulva; E. habitus. Scale bars: 20 μm (A- C), 50 μm (D) and 100 μm (E). Fig. 8. Setosabatieria hilarula de Man, 1922 from East Sea, Korea: A. male head, paratype; B. male copulatory apparatus, paratype; C. male tail, paratype; D. female vulva, paratype. Scale bars: 20 μm (A, B) and 50 μm (C, D). Locality. The coast of Sokcho : sub-tidal northern part of East Sea , Korea ( 38°12′42″N , 128°37′39″E , at a depth of 35 m , in the slightly gravelly sandy mud. Material. Four males (NIBRIV0000900847-NIBRIV 0000900850) and three females (NIBRIV0000900853, NIBRIV0000900855, NIBRIV0000900856) were collected by Sangjin Kim along the Sokcho coast on 12th September 2012 , from Research Vessel Hansudan 1. Measurements. See Table 4 for detailed measurements and morphometric ratios. Description. Male ( Figs. 6 , 8 , Table 4 ). Body cylindrical, slender, gradually tapering toward both extremities. Cuticle thin, with faint, relatively fine cross striations throughout body. Punctuation in cuticle not visible. Tail conico-cylindrical. Anterior sensilla in three separate crowns, six inner and outer labial sensilla small, with papillae form. Four cephalic setae of nearly equal length, 12.0-13.2 μm long. Cephalic setae located 0.4 head diameter from anterior end. Cervical setae 10-16 μm long, arranged in two latero-dorsal and two latero-ventral longitudinal files of six to thirteen setae and situated at 18-80 μm from anterior body end. Amphidial fovea large, circular multispiral. Fovea coiled ventrally, in about 3.25-3.50 turns. Buccal cavity very tiny, cup-shaped, its walls not sclerotized and not differentiated, teeth not observed. Pharynx long (248-290 μm) and slender, cylindrical. Nerve ring located at 140-157 μm (54.1-56.4%) of pharyngeal length from anterior end. Ventral gland pore just posterior nerve ring, situated at 162-194 μm of pharyngeal length from anterior end. Cardia round, small (8-13 μm), surrounded with intestinal tissue. Ventral gland cell body placed posterior of cardia. Reproductive system diorchic, testes outstretched, anterior testis (situated right mid-gut) located 1398-1674 μm and posterior testis (situated left mid-gut) located 551-1030 μm from the cloaca. Spicules paired, equal and arcuate, 60-75 μm long as arc (1.2-1.5 abd). Gubernaculum sclerotized pieces, proximal portion slightly bent, bearing dorso-caudal apophysis (19-25 μm), surrounding spicules. Sixteen to eighteen minute mid-ventral supplementary papillae observed in precloacal region, several copulatory muscles located in pre-cloacal supplement region. First precloacal supplement situated about 14-22 μm from anus and most anterior precloacal supplement located about 190-353 μm from anus. Tail consisted proximal conical and distal cylindrical part (125-156 μm). Tail 5.2-5.7 abd long with three long terminal setae (about 9-18 μm long), three caudal glands, and prominent spinnerret. Other tail setae (about 8-15 μm) arranged in approximately four dorso- and ventrolateral longitudinal rows. Fig. 9. Pictorial key for valid species of genus Setosabatieria . Figure source: (a) Leduc et al. , 2012 ; (b) Wieser, 1954 ; (c) Riera et al. , 2006 ; (d) Leduc and Gwyther, 2008 ; (e) Guo et al. , 2015 ; (f) Guo and Warwick, 2001 ; (g) Guo et al. , 2015 ; (h) Huang and Zhang, 2006 ; (i) Platt, 1985 (head and tail), Platt and Warwick, 1988 (spicule); (j) Chen and Shabdin, 2014 ; (k) Gagarin, 2013 . Females ( Figs. 7 , 8 , Table 4 ). Similar to male, except body larger than male (females maximum body diameter average 82 μm wide). Vulva at 44.9-51.5% of body of length. Didelphic, outstretched ovaries, anterior ovary (situated left mid-gut) 508-702 μm, posterior (situated right mid-gut) 470-549 μm long. Supplements absent. Diagnosis. Setosabatieria . Body length 1888-2529 μm; a 23.9-41.0; b 7.8-9.4; c 7.5-9.8; c′ 5.2-6.0. Cephalic setae 11.5-13.5 μm. Cervical setae 10-16 μm long, 6-13 setae per files. Spicules curved, 60-75 μm long in arc. Thin gubernacular apophysis dorso-caudally, 19-25 μm long. Sixteen to eighteen minute precloacal supplements present. Tail conico-cylindrical, 192-300 μm long, cylindrical portion 49-57%. Table 5. Comparative data table of the measurements for published species of Setosabatieria . All measurements in μm unless otherwise stated, except ratio a, b, c, c′, s. Data presented is measurement range unless n = 1. Unless otherwise stated, number of replicates indicates in brackets. Literature sources: a Leduc and Gwyther, 2008 ; b Leduc et al ., 2012 ; c Huang and Zhang, 2006 ; d Wieser, 1954 ; e de Man, 1922 ; f Kreis, 1929 ; g Schuurmans Stekhoven, 1950 ; h Inglis, 1961 ; i Timm, 1961 ; j Vitiello, 1970 ; k Jensen, 1979 ; l Guo and Warwick, 2001 ; m,n Guo et al ., 2015 ; o Gagarin, 1920; p Chen and Shabdin, 2014 ; q Riera et al ., 2006 . n/a: not applicable; n/f: not in figure.

austalis a	conicauda b	coomansi c	fibulata d	hilarula d,e,f,g,h,i,j,k
Characters	♂	♂	♂	♂	♂
(n = 4)	(n = 5)	(n = 5)	(n = 1)	Sum
L	1231-1321	1094-1640	1601-1954	1400	1140-2400
mbd	35-39	40-52	42-70	42	34-82
hd	10-12	16-17	15-21	14	12-20
ils	papillate	papillate	papillate	papillate	papillate
ols	short setae	papillate	papillate	papillate	papillate or short setae
cep	10-11	6-8	10-16	11	9-23
AL	5-6	6-8	11 (1)	4	5-8
amp	7-9	11-12	12-13	13	9-13
amp turns	3.5	4.25-4.5	3.5	4.25	3.0-4.0
amp/amp cbd	67-84%	65-75%	59-71%	90%	48-80%
cer	8-10	5-7	7-11	12	8-20
NL	n/f	96-114	121-140	n/f	88-137
N cbd	n/f	34-38	37-53	n/f	26-48
EPL	n/f	126-133	n/f	n/f	141-150
PL	183-189	166-190	218-254	189	154-260
P cbd	30-34	36-43	43-60	n/f	36-49
abd	29-33	33-39	38-50	33	31-58
spia	45-51	51-59	49-86	59	48-100
s	1.5-1.6	1.5-1.5	1.3-1.7	1.7	1.4-1.8
gub	19-33	11-13	17-21	20	21-46
nps	7-9	7-9	15	17	11-16
dps	55 (1)	27 (1)	30.0	21.0	n/f
at	n/f	n/f	n/f	n/f	n/f
pt	n/f	n/f	n/f	n/f	n/f
TL	140-157	61-93	153-200	107	134-250
c′	4.5-5.2	1.8-2.4	3.9-4.4	3.2	4.2-5.6
cylin	36 (1)	0	96	16	39-106
cylin%	24.0%	0.0%	48.0%	14.9%	25-50%
ter	7-10	6 (1)	11-14	9	4-19
a	33.3-35.3	25.0-30.0	31.5-36.7	33.5	25.1-37.5
b	6.5-7.1	6.0-8.0	7.0-8.5	7.4	6.9-10.0
c	7.8-8.9	15.0-18.0	9.6-11.1	13.1	7.5-9.9

Table 5. Continued.

jingjingae l	longspophysis m	major n	orientalis o	singaporensis p	triangularis q
Characters	♂	♂	♂	♂	♂	♂
(n = 4)	(n = 5)	(n = 5)	(n = 6)	(n = 3)	(n = 2)
L	1370-1620	2380-2800	3700-3130	1238-1545	1720-1857	1700-2371
mbd	40-56	42-54	106-168	40-47	53-58	54-54
hd	11-13	15-17	19-24	10-11	14-16	17-19
ils	papillate	papillate	papillate	papillate	papillate	papillate
ols	1.5-2	2-2	1.5-2	1.5-1.5	papillate	2-2
cep	8-10	17-19	9-11	9-10	16-17	20-27
AL	4-6	10 (1)	7 (1)	n/f	4 (1)	10-16
amp	8-11 (3)	10-11	20-26	8-11	10-11	11-13
amp turns	3.5	2.75-3.0	3.25-3.75	2.5-3.0	2.75-3.0	2.5
amp/amp cbd	62-73% (3)	59-69%	50-57%	50-55%	62-70%	68% (1)
cer	11-13	15-17	8-10	4-6	11-16	13-16
NL	100 (1)	161-169	154-206	n/f	n/f	n/f
N cbd	38 (1)	35-38	61-96	n/f	n/f	n/f
EPL	113 (1)	178 (1)	200 (1)	n/f	n/f	n/f
PL	175-190	252-270	282-366	158-185	181-207	154-211
P cbd	34-60	40-43	74-117	n/f	22-31	32-39
abd	29-38	38-40	64-82	22-26	36-40	32-32
spia	43-52	77-80	73-87	46-50	54-60	39-54
s	1.4-1.5	1.9-2.1	0.9-1.3	1.8-2.0	1.5-1.5	1.2-1.7
gub	12-14	31-37	17-23	18-21	13-25	34-36
nps	9	15-16	26-28	15-19	17-20	15
dps	10	18 (1)	n/f	n/f	n/f	21
at	n/f	n/f	n/f	n/f	n/f	n/f
pt	n/f	n/f	n/f	n/f	n/f	n/f
TL	120-155	206-227	241-325	128-140	172-212	164-171
c'	3.6-4.1	5.3-6.0	3.8-4.5	5.1-6.0	4.8-5.9	5.2-5.3
cylin	50 (1)	47 (1)	140 (1)	n/f	n/f	n/f
cylin%	32.3%	22.8%	43.0%	41.2-47.4%	n/f	n/f
ter	11-13	12-12	15-15	5-7	9-11	17
a	28.9-34.3	44.9-57.9	18.6-25.4	26.0-39.0	31.5-33.2	31.7-44.2
b	7.6-9.3	9.2-10.7	8.6-9.6	6.9-9.8	8.3-9.7	8.1-15.4
c	10.2-11.7	10.7-12.6	9.4-11.2	9.2-11.8	8.5-10.0	9.9-14.4

Remarks. Setosabatieria hilarula can be separated from S. conicaudata by its conico-cylindrical tail shape. Setosabatieria australis differs from S. hilarula by spicule shape (L-shaped vs curved). Setosabatieria hilarula can be distinguished from S. coomansi , S. fibulata , S. jingjingae , S. major , S. orientalis and S. triangularis by the presence leaf-like extensions of the cuticle lateral to cloaca. Setosabatieria singaporensis is dissimilar to S. hilarula by the shape of gubernacular apophysis (respectively, bent in the proximal portion vs long and thin vs short). Setosabatieria longiapophysis can be differentiated from most other species of the genus by having spicules with long straight apophysis. The present population of Setosabatieria hilarula resembles that of de Man, 1922 in general characters. They slightly differ from by the number of precloacal supplements (16-18 vs 11-16), the relative length of tail (c′: 5.2-6.0 vs 4.2-5.6) and the posterior portion of tail (49-57% vs 25-50%). We consider such differences as intraspecific variation.