Deep-sea “ cephalaspidean ” heterobranchs (Gastropoda) from the tropical southwest Pacific Author Valdés, Ángel John T. Huber text Mémoires du Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle 2008 196 587 792 journal article 978-2-85653-614-8 1243-4442 Philine habei n. sp. Figs 64A, B, 65, 66 TYPE MATERIAL . — Holotype MNHN 20396 and 36 paratypes MNHN 20397, 50 paratypes LACM 2999 . TYPE LOCALITY . — Fiji , 17°05’S , 178°55’W , 654-656 m [ BORDAU 1 : stn DW 1419 ] . MATERIAL EXAMINED. — Coral sea . MUSORSTOM 5: stn Loyalty Ridge . MUSORSTOM 6: stn CP 464, 21°02’S , 167°32’E , 276, Banc Capel, 24°49’S , 159°41’E , 258-269 m , 1 lv ; stn 355, 430 m , 1 lv . Chesterfield Islands , 19°36’S , 158°43’E , 580 m , 1 lv ; stn 358, Vanuatu . MUSORSTOM 8: stn CP 963, 20°20’S , 169°49’E , 400- 19°39’S , 158°47’E , 680-700 m , 1 lv ; stn 359, 19°39’S , 158°49’E , 440 m , 4 lv ; stn CP 975, 19°24’S , 169°29’E , 536-566 m , 14 lv ; stn 700-720 m , 3 lv ; stn 367, 19°37’S , 158°53’E , 855-880 m , 1 lv ; stn CP 986, 19°21’S , 169°31’E , 602-648 m , 1 lv ; stn CP 994, 18°48’S , 383, 19°41’S , 158°46’E , 600-610 m , 3 lv . 168°56’E , 641-649 m , 1 lv ; stn CP 1027, 17°53’S , 168°39’E , North of New Caledonia . LAGON : stn 493, 19°01’S , 163°09’E , 550-571 m , 16 lv ; stn CP 1028, 17°54’S , 168°40’E , 624-668 m , 535 m , 1 lv . — MUSORSTOM 4: stn CP 158, 18°49’S , 163°15’E , 3 lv ; stn CP 1039, 16°50’S , 168°30’E , 464-472 m , 7 lv ; stn CP 625 m , 2 lv ; stn CP 169, 18°54’S , 163°11’E , 590 m , 1 lv ; stn 1052, 16°32’S , 168°00’E , 561-564 m , 1 lv ; stn CP 1054, 16°28’S , CP 170, 18°57’S , 163°13’E , 480 m , 1 lv ; stn CP 171, 18°58’S , 167°57’E , 522-527 m , 2 lv ; stn CP 1089, 15°09’S , 167°17’E , 494- 163°14’E , 425 m , 3 lv ; stn CC 173 , 19°02’S , 163°19’E , 250- 516 m , 1 lv ; stn CP 1114, 14°52’S , 167°03’E , 647 m , 2 lv . 290 m , 2 lv ; stn CP 198, 18°49’S , 163°19’E , 585 m , 11 lv ; stn Fiji . MUSORSTOM 10: stn DW 1339 , Bligh Water , 17°00’S , CP 199, 18°50’S , 163°14’E , 595 m , 19 lv ; stn CP 200, 18°54’S , 177°36’E , 235-252 m , 1 lv . — BORDAU 1 : stn CP 1395, 16°45’S , 163°14’E , 535 m , 1 lv ; stn CC 201 , 18°56’S , 163°14’E , 490 m , 179°59’E , 423-500 m , 1 lv ; stn CP 1409, 16°02’S , 179°30’W , 557- 18 lv ; stn CC 202 , 18°58’S , 163°59’E , 560 m , 1 lv . — BATHUS 558 m , 5 lv ; stn CP 1411, 16°05’S , 179°28’W , 390-403 m , 11 lv ; 4: stn CP 910, Grand Passage , 18°59’S , 163°09’E , 560-608 m , 3 stn CP 1412, 16°06’S , 179°28’W , 400-407 m , 9 lv ; stn CP 1419, lv; stn CP 912, Grand Passage , 18°56’S , 163°08’E , 690-702 m , 17°05’S , 178°55’W , 654-656 m , 37 lv , holotype ( MNHN 20396 )> 50 lv ; stn CP 921, 18°47’S , 163°17’E , 610-613 m , 3 lv ; stn DW and paratypes ( MNHN 20397 ; Figs 64A, B, 65); stn CP 1433, 924, 18°55’S , 163°24’E , 344-360 m , 1 lv . — PALEO-SURPRISE: 17°20’S , 178°43’W , 488-500 m ,> 50 lv ; stn CP 1434, 17°11’S , stn DW 1393 , 18°31’S , 163°00’E , 632 m , 1 lv ; stn DW 1399 , 178°41’W , 400-401 m , 7 lv ; stn CP 1444, 17°11’S , 178°41’W , 18°29’S , 163°02’E , 325 m , 3 lv . 398-409 m , 6 lv ; stn CP 1445, 17°10’S , 178°42’W , 350-365 m , New Caledonia proper . VAUBAN : stn 8, 22°19’S , 167°10’E , 220- 20 lv ; stn CP 1446, 17°11’S , 178°42’W , 350-367 m , 3 lv ; stn CP 230 m , 1 lv ; stn 14, 22°16’S , 167°17’E , 465-495 m , 1 lv . — BA- 1448, 16°45’S , 179°59’W , 410-500 m , 1 lv ; stn DW 1475 , 19°41’S , THUS 1 : stn DW 691 , Passe de Hienghène , 20°35’S , 164°59’E , 178°11’W , 321-424 m , 1 lv ; stn DW 1476 , 19°41’S , 178°11’W , 310- 227-250 m , 1 lv . — BATHUS 2 : stn CP 737, 23°03’S , 167°00’E , 420 m , 6 lv ; stn DW 1477 , 20°58’S , 178°45’W , 390-405 m , 5 lv ; 350-400 m , 1 lv . stn DW 1478 , 20°59’S , 178°44’W , 386-396 m , 26 lv ; stn CP1481 , FIG . 64 . Shell morphology and anatomy of species of Philine Ascanius,1772 . A , Philine habei n. sp. , paratype MNHN 20397, radula, Fiji , BORDAU 1 stn CP 1419,scale bar = 300 Μm; B , same specimen,gizzard plate,scale bar = scale bar = 1 mm . C , Philine babai n. sp. ,radula, Tonga , BORDAU 2 stn CP 1568,scale bar = 100 Μm; D , same specimen,shell sculpture, scale bar = 50 Μm; E , same specimen,gizzard plates, scale bar = 2 mm . F , Philine abyssicola n. sp. , holotype MNHN 20389 ( 4 mm ), ventral view, Fiji , MUSORSTOM 10 stn CP 1361; G , same specimen, radula, scale bar = 100 Μm. 20°57’S , 178°45’W , 441-506 m , 13 lv ; stn CP 1500, 18°42’S , m, 23 lv ; stn CP 1556, 20°11’S , 174°45’W , 589-591 m ,> 50 lv ; 178°26’W , 366-389 m , 5 lv ; stn CP1501, 18°40’S , 178°30’W , 350- stn CH 1557, Nomuka north channel, 20°10’S , 174°42’W , 578 357 m , 2 lv ; stn CP 1504, 18°13’S , 178°34’W , 427-440 m , 1 lv . m, 14 lv ; stn CH 1558, 20°10’S , 174°43’W , 580-593 m , 10 lv ; stn Wallis and Futuna . MUSORSTOM 7: stn DW 497, Futuna Is- DW 1566, NW of Tongatapu, 21°02’S , 175°18’W , 530-531 m , 3 land, 14°20’S , 178°05’W , 355-369 m , 1 lv ; stn CP 508, 14°19’S , lv; stn CP 1592, N of Ha‘apai Islands, 19°08’S , 174°17’W , 391- 178°04’W , 245-440 m , 1 lv ; stn DW 510, 14°14’S , 178°11’W , 426 m , 4 lv ; stn CP 1593, 19°06’S , 174°18’W , 436-442 m , 3 lv ; 280-370 m , 1 lv . stn CH 1596, 19°06’S , 174°18’W , 371-437 m , 5 lv ; stn DW 1602, Tonga . BORDAU 2: stn CP 1510, Tongatapu , 21°05’S , 175°23’W , centre of Ha‘apai Islands, 20°49’S , 174°57’W , 263-320 m , 1 lv ; 461-497 m ,> 50 lv ; stn CP 1526, Eua , 21°16’S , 174°59’W , 463- stn CP 1639, NW of Tongatapu , 21°10’S , 175°24’W , 531-568 m , 464 m ,> 50 lv ; stn CP 1527, 21°16’S , 174°59’W , 483-509 m ,>50 1 lv ; stn CP 1640, 21°09’S , 175°24’W , 564-569 m , 16 lv ; stn CP lv; stn CP 1528, 21°14’S , 174°59’W , 587-592 m ,> 50 lv , paratypes 1641, 21°09’S , 175°22’W , 395 m , 9 lv ; stn CP 1642, 21°05’S , ( LACM 2999); stn CP 1529, 21°13’S , 174°58’W , 688-701 m , 5 175°23’W , 532 m ,> 50 lv ; stn CP 1643, 21°05’S , 175°22’W , 487 lv ; stn CP 1545, SW of Tongatapu , 21°17’S , 175°17’W , 444-447 m , 4 lv ; stn CP 1644, 21°05’S , 175°23’W , 501 m , 5 lv . DISTRIBUTION . — Known from New Caledonia, Fiji, Tonga, Vanuatu and Wallis and Futuna (Fig. 66), live in 252-688 m . DESCRIPTION. — External morphology . The body is oval, 33 mm long ( holotype ).The cephalic shield is oval and large, comprising about 2/3 of the body length (Fig. 65A). The 2 Hancock’s organs are composed of about 7 simple folds. The parapodia are narrow and do not reach the midline of the body. The posterior shield is rounded posteriorly, with no lobes or extensions. The gill is simple, with 6 bifid lamellae (Fig. 65B). The colour of the living animals is uniformly white. Shell morphology . The shell is internal, wide with a very large aperture and a short columellar portion. The shell is very fragile and could not be dissected intact from any of the specimens examined. It occupies most of the dorsal surface of the posterior shield. The sculpture is composed of a number of simple growth lines, but there are no spiral grooves. Colour uniformly white. Anatomy . The buccal bulb is large and connects posteriorly with the wide oesophagus and the small salivary glands (Fig. 65C). Two strong retractor muscles attach posteriorly to the buccal bulb. The FIG. 65 . External morphology and anatomy of Philine habei n. sp. , paratype MNHN 20397 from Fiji ,BORDAU 1 stn CP 1419. A , dorsal view of the preserved animal, scale bar = 5 mm ; B , mantle cavity, scale bar = 1 mm ; C , anterior portion of the digestive system, scale bar = 1 mm ; D , male reproductive system,scale bar = 1 mm ; E , detail of the penis, scale bar = 1 mm . Abbreviations: ap, anal papillae; cns, central nervous system;cs, cephalic shield; es, oesophagus; ej, ejaculatory portion of the deferent duct; gl, gill; gz, gizzard; gzp, gizzard plate; is, incurrent sperm duct; pn, penial sac; pr, prostate; ps, posterior shield; rm, retractor muscle; sg, salivary gland. oesophagus opens into a large muscular gizzard, which contains 3 gizzard plates, all of them with 2 elongate lateral depressions (Fig. 64B). The radular formula is 16 x 1.0.1. The lateral teeth are hook-shaped, with a wide base and a short, curved cusp and no denticles (Fig. 64A). The reproductive system is monoaulic. The penis is large and complex (Fig. 65E), with 3 lobes and a retractor muscle attached. From the opening of the external sperm groove a long incurrent sperm duct emerges, connecting to the junction of the prostate and the ejaculatory duct (Fig. 65D). The ejaculatory duct has several loops and opens into the penial sac. The prostate is very long and convoluted. REMARKS. — Philine auriformis Suter, 1909 is a species of Philine having gizzard plates with lateral elongate depressions (Gosliner 1995). However, there are numerous external and internal differences between P. auriformis and Philine habei , including the presence of 2 posterior lobes on the posterior shield of P. auriformis , the longer prostate of P. habei and the presence of punctuated spiral lines in the shell of P. auriformis . Other differences include the radular teeth, which are denticulate in P. auriformis and smooth in P. habei , and the gizzard plates that have 2 elongate depressions in P. auriformis rather than 2 rounded to oval depressions in P. habei . There has been controversy as to whether the specimens of P. auriformis reported from California by Gosliner (1995) belong to this species (see Rudman 1998a), but the New Zealand specimens reported by Rudman (1998a) differ from P. habei in the same characteristics as do those referred to P. auriformis . Philine rubra , originally described by Bergh (1905) from the Kai Islands, Indonesia , has gizzard plates very similar to those of P. habei , with 2 rounded to oval depressions near the centre. However, the lateral teeth of P. rubra are denticulate and the prostate is much shorter than that of P. habei . ETYMOLOGY. — Dedicated to the memory of the Japanese malacologist Tadashige Habe, who described a number of shell-bearing opisthobranch species from Japan .