Diversity of Cladosporium (Cladosporiales, Cladosporiaceae) species in marine environments and report on five new species
Author
Lee, Wonjun
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7227-0777
School of Biological Sciences and Institute of Microbiology, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
Author
Kim, Ji Seon
https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1869-7347
School of Biological Sciences and Institute of Microbiology, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
Author
Seo, Chang Wan
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5948-1836
School of Biological Sciences and Institute of Microbiology, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
Author
Lee, Jun Won
https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1416-3428
School of Biological Sciences and Institute of Microbiology, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
Author
Kim, Sung Hyun
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5505-9451
School of Biological Sciences and Institute of Microbiology, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
Author
Cho, Yoonhee
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0743-0914
School of Biological Sciences and Institute of Microbiology, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
Author
Lim, Young Woon
https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2864-3449
School of Biological Sciences and Institute of Microbiology, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
ywlim@snu.ac.kr
text
MycoKeys
2023
2023-06-02
98
87
111
http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/mycokeys.98.101918
journal article
http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/mycokeys.98.101918
1314-4049-98-87
A4D48209585156F58E1CEB8CBA872D78
Cladosporium marinum Wonjun Lee & Y.W. Lim
sp. nov.
Figs 2D
, 3D
Typification.
Republic of Korea. Jeju-do, Chuja-myeon,
33°23′53″N
,
126°14′24″E
, seaweed, 31 Aug 2021, M.S. Park & Y.W. Lim (holotype SFC20230103-M33, stored in a metabolically inactive state).
Etymology.
The name '
marinum
', derived from Latin, refers to the various marine substrates (seaweed, sea sand, and mudflat) from which the species was isolated.
Description.
Asexual morphology:
Mycelium
superficial and immersed, composed of septate, branched, hyaline to subhyaline, smooth to verruculose hyphae, nodulose, 2-5.7
μm
wide.
Conidiophores
macronematous and micronematous, arising laterally or terminally from hyphae, (sometimes reduced to conidiogenous cells), septate, slightly flexuous, non-nodulose, usually unbranched or branched, up to 243
μm
long, 2-4
μm
wide, pale brown, verruculose to verrucose.
Conidiogenous cells
integrated, terminal and intercalary, cylindrical to subcylindrical, 20.5-47.7
x
2-3.6
μm
, bearing up to four slightly darkened and refractive conidiogenous loci.
Ramoconidia
0-1(-2)-septate, subcylindrical to cylindrical, 10.2-28.171
x
2.4-4.1
μm
[av. (
+/-
SD) 17.3 (
+/-
2.39)
x
2.9 (
+/-
0.37)], pale brown, verruculose.
Conidia
forming branched chains, with up to five conidia in the terminal unbranched part, long neck area between conidia, aseptate, pale brown, smooth to verruculose, with protuberant, slightly darkened and refractive hila.
Small terminal conidia
aseptate, obovoidal to ellipsoidal, 2.9-5.3
x
2-3
μm
[av. (
+/-
SD) 3.8 (
+/-
0.53)
x
2.5 (
+/-
0.25)].
Intercalary conidia
aseptate, very rarely 1-septate, ellipsoidal to limoniform, obovoid, sometimes subcylindrical, 2.7-6.2
x
1.8-2.8
μm
[av. (
+/-
SD) 4.2 (
+/-
0.76)
x
2.3 (
+/-
0.22)].
Secondary ramoconidia
0-1-septate, subcylindrical to cylindrical, slightly obclavate, 8.5-28.2
x
2.3-3.7
μm
[av. (
+/-
SD) 14.5 (
+/-
4.38)
x
2.9 (
+/-
0.35)].
Cultural characters
: Colonies on PDA 37-66 mm diam after 14 d at 25 °C, olive (3E3 to 3F4), reverse dark gray (1F1), floccose-velvety, sometimes woolly, raised, radially furrowed, wrinkled, raised; margin white, slightly hyaline edge, undulated; aerial mycelia abundantly formed, with numerous prominent exudates, sporulation profuse. Colonies on MEA 35-40 mm diam after 14 d at 25 °C, grayish white (1B1) to olive gray (3D2), reverse dark gray (1F1), velvety, raised to crateriform, radially furrowed at the margin region, wrinkled; margin white, regular; aerial mycelia abundantly formed, dense, without prominent exudates, sporulation profuse. Colonies on OA 41-47 mm diam after 14 d at 25 °C, gray (1C1 to 1E1), reverse concolorous, velvety, floccose, raised, radially furrowed; margin yellowish, regular; aerial mycelia abundantly formed, with few exudates, sporulation profuse. Colonies on SNA 37-41 mm diam after 14 d at 25 °C, olive (3D3) to olive yellow (3E8), reverse olive (3D3 to 3F3), slightly fluffy-floccose, powdery, flat; margin yellowish white (2A2), hyaline, undulate; aerial mycelia abundantly moderate, without prominent exudates, sporulation profuse.
Habitat and distribution.
Isolated from mudflats, sea sands, and seaweeds; Southern and Western Korean seaside in Republic of Korea.
Additional cultures examined.
Republic of Korea. Jeju-do, Chuja-myeon,
33°23′53″N
,
126°14′24″E
, seaweed, 31 Aug 2021, M.S. Park & Y.W. Lim (SFC20230103-M30, stored in a metabolically inactive state); Jeju-do, Chuja-myeon,
33°23′53″N
,
126°14′24″E
, seaweed, 31 Aug 2021, M.S. Park & Y.W. Lim (SFC20230103-M31, stored in a metabolically inactive state); Jeju-do, Chuja-myeon,
33°23′53″N
,
126°14′24″E
, seaweed, 31 Aug 2021, M.S. Park & Y.W. Lim (SFC20230103-M32, stored in a metabolically inactive state); Jeju-do, Chuja-myeon,
33°57′50″N
,
126°17′38″E
, seaweed, 31 Aug 2021, M.S. Park & Y.W. Lim (SFC20230103-M34, stored in a metabolically inactive state); Jeju-do, Hallim-eup,
33°23′53″N
,
126°14′24″E
, seaweed, 15 Aug 2021, M.S. Park & Y.W. Lim (SFC20230103-M35, stored in a metabolically inactive state); Jeju-do, Hallim-eup,
33°23′53″N
,
126°14′24″E
, seaweed, 15 Aug 2021, M.S. Park & Y.W. Lim (SFC20230103-M36, stored in a metabolically inactive state); Jeollanam-do, Muan-gun,
35°01′40″N
,
126°25′16″E
, mudflat, Apr 2017, M.S. Park & Y.W. Lim (SFC20230103-M37, stored in a metabolically inactive state); Jeollanam-do, Muan-gun,
35°03′44″N
,
126°20′13″E
, sea sand, Oct 2016, M.S. Park & Y.W. Lim (SFC20230103-M38, stored in a metabolically inactive state); Jeollanam-do, Suncheon-si,
34°50′29″N
,
127°29′09″E
, sea sand, Jul 2020, M.S. Park & Y.W. Lim (SFC20230103-M39, stored in a metabolically inactive state); Jeju-do, Seogwipo-si,
33°13′58″N
,
126°18′47″E
, sea sand, Jan 2021, M.S. Park & Y.W. Lim (SFC20230103-M40, stored in a metabolically inactive state).
Notes.
Cladosporium marinum
sp. nov. forms an independent clade in the phylogenetic tree of the
C. cladosporioides
species complex (Fig.
1
), but it has no distinguishable characteristics compared to those of the other species. Molecular and phylogenetic approaches are imperative to identify and differentiate this species from other species.