Systematics of the genus Cnesterodon Garman, 1895 (Cyprinodontiformes: Poeciliidae: Poeciliinae) Author Lucinda, Paulo H. F. Laboratório de Ictiologia Sistemática, Universidade Federal do Tocantins, Campus de Porto Nacional, rua 3, quadra 17, s / n, Jardim dos Ipês, Caixa Postal 136, 77500 - 000 Porto Nacional, TO, Brazil. lucinda@uft.edu.br text Neotropical Ichthyology 2005 2005-06-30 3 2 259 270 http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s1679-62252005000200003 journal article 274287 10.1590/s1679-62252005000200003 73eee54f-3a01-4ba8-8a03-f33c31c75071 1982-0224 5418097 F943EF65-FFB0-47E9-B9E6-F6DFB1F2C61C Cnesterodon hypselurus Lucinda & Garavello, 2001 ( Fig. 7 ) Cnesterodon hypselurus Lucinda & Garavello, 2001: 29 , fig. 5 and 6. Type -locality: Brasil. Paraná. rio Cilada, bridge of road BR 151, rio Paranapanema drainage, Jaguariaíva. Diagnosis. Cnesterodon hypselurus is diagnosed by the following autapomorphies: (1) presence of a longitudinal dark brown band along flank. (2) bony style of ray 3 of gonopodium of fully developed mature males curly-bracket shaped ( Lucinda & Garavello, 2001 ; fig. 6). Furthermore, C. hypselurus is readily distinguished from C. omorgmatos and C. raddai by dark brown blotches along body sides (forming bars vs. circular or irregular, respectively). Cnesterodon hypselurus is distinguished from C. decemmaculatus , C. brevirostratus , and C. iguape by dark bars of body very elongate reaching dorsal and ventral profiles, covering more than four scales in a transverse row (vs. dark bars on sides of body, mostly confined to midline, covering less than three scales in a transverse row, never extending to dorsal and ventral profiles). The absence of small scales covering lateral and ventral region of body below pectoral fin and the pointed snout also differentiate C. hypselurus from C. brevirostratus . Cnesterodon hypselurus is distinguished from C. septentrionalis , C. omorgmatos , and C. decemmaculatus , by the number of epipleural ribs (10-12 vs. 6 in C. septentrionalis , 7 or 8 in C. omorgmatos and C. decemmaculatus ). Distribution. Cnesterodon hypselurus is known from rio Cilada, rio Lambari and rio Guaricanga in upper rio Paranapanema basin, rio Paraná drainage ( Fig. 1 ).