Two new species of Diderma (Physarales, Didymiaceae) from northern China Author Zhao, Hui-Nan 0000-0003-1630-161X zhaohn 0807 @ 163. com; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0003 - 1630 - 161 X Author Rao, Gu 0000-0001-6199-9004 raogufungi @ 163. com; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0001 - 6199 - 9004 Author Yang, Xin-Ya 0000-0002-9786-9137 yangxinya 09 @ 163. com; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 9786 - 9137 Author Li, Xiao 0000-0002-1230-6467 lxmogu @ 163. com; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 1230 - 6467 Author Yu, Hai-Long 0000-0001-7604-5297 yuhailong @ saas. sh. cn; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0001 - 7604 - 5297 yuhailong@saas.sh.cn Author Zhang, Bo 0000-0001-9508-8188 zhangbofungi @ 126. com; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0001 - 9508 - 8188 Author Li, Yu 0000-0003-4719-7210 yuli 966 @ 126. com; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0003 - 4719 - 7210 text Phytotaxa 2022 2022-11-08 572 1 61 73 http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.572.1.4 journal article 183572 10.11646/phytotaxa.572.1.4 fe0e2d28-f854-4cac-8ac3-b5d979f14312 1179-3163 7305710 Diderma verrucocapillitia H. N. Zhao, B. Zhang & Y. Li , sp. nov. FIGURE 3 . MycoBank No.: 842351 GenBank Acc. no.: OM258684 , OM258685 , OM258686 (SSU rRNA gene). Holotype : CHINA . Jilin Province : Yanji Prefecture , Antu County , Changbai Mountain Large Sample Site , 43°15.62′N , 127°59.24′E , on decaying leaves, 17 October 2017 , collected by Bo Zhang ( Holotype , HMJAU 60258 !). Etymology. The epithet “verrucocapillitia” refers to the capillitium with verrucose. FIGURE 2. Habitat and microstructure of D. liaoningensis (HMJAU 60224 Holotype!) A Sporocysts. B–C Outer and inner layer of peridium. D Light yellow columella. E–F Capillitia and some spores. G–H Spores with warts. I–J Spores encircled by a pale line. Scale bars: 2mm (A); 500 μm (B); 200 μm (C, D); 20 μm (E, F); 10 μm (G, H, I, J) FIGURE 3. Habitat and microstructure of D. verrucocapillitia (HMJAU 60258 Holotype!) A–C Sporocarps or plasmodiocarps. D–F Capillitia. H–J Spores with verrucose. Scale bars: 5mm (A); 1mm (B); 500 μm (C); 20 μm (D, E, F); 10 μm (G, H, I, J). Description. Sporocarps or ring-shaped plasmodiocarps depressed, cushioned, 0.5mm in diameter, mostly forming branched, often forming ring-shaped, (1.0)4.7×0.6(3.2) mm, sometimes forming a net, up to 60× 90 mm , white or cream, reddish-brown or blackish-brown when covered by leaves or others; Hypothallus white, not developed; Peridium double, outer layer limy, thick, fragile, smooth, inner layer membranous, greyish white, dark yellow-brown at the base, sometimes with a metallic appearance; Columella thinned dark yellow-brown at the base; Capillitium threads brown, reddish, 2.5–3.5 μm in diameter, branched, with membranous extensions, bearing long dark spines; Spores red-purple in mass, red-brown in transmitted light, (8.4)9.2–13.3(14.9) μm in diameter, with verrucose. La=2.62±1.45, Wa=1.69±0.86 ( TABLE 2 ), avR=9.53–12.34 ( TABLE 3 ). Habitat and distribution. On decaying leaves in autumn. Additional specimens examined. China . Jilin Province : Yanji Prefecture , Antu County , Changbai Mountain Large Sample Site , 43°15.62′N , 127°59.24′E , on decaying leaves, 17 October 2017 , collected by Bo Zhang ( HMJAU 60259 ) ; Jilin Province : Yanji Prefecture , Antu County , Changbai Mountain Large Sample Site , 43°15.75′N , 127°59.32′E , on decaying leaves, 17 October 2017 , collected by Bo Zhang ( HMJAU 60268 , HMJAU 60269 ) . Notes. Diderma verrucocapillitia is characterized by depressed plasmodiocarps, verrucose capillitium, and redbrown spores. In terms of morphology, D. verrucocapillitia resembles D. deplanatum ( Buyck 1982 ; Chou 1978) in their cushioned sporocyst, either plasmodiocarps or forming rings capillitia with bearing spiny or nodular enlargements. However, D. verrucocapillitia can be distinguished from D. deplanatum by its dark yellow-brown and thinned columella, brown capillitium with membranous extensions and dark tubercle, red-brown spores without spiny.