Fabaceae Lindl. in a Conservation Unit in the Semi-Arid Region of Paraíba, Brazil Author Gomes, Aureliana Santos Departamento de Geografia - Universidade Federal de Campina Grande: - Campus I, Centro de Humanidades. Unidade Acadêmica de Geografia-UAG, R. Aprígio Veloso, 882, Universitário, Campina Grande, PB, 58428 - 830, Brasil. Author Rodrigues, Erimágna De Morais Author Moura, Débora Coelho Departamento de Geografia - Universidade Federal de Campina Grande: - Campus I, Centro de Humanidades. Unidade Acadêmica de Geografia-UAG, R. Aprígio Veloso, 882, Universitário, Campina Grande, PB, 58428 - 830, Brasil. Author Melo, José Iranildo Miranda De Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ecologia e Conservação - Universidade Estadual da Paraíba - UEPB, Departamento de Biologia, Centro de Ciências Biológicas e da Saúde, Av. das Baraúnas 351, Campus Universitário, Bairro Universitário, Campina Grande, PB, 58429 - 500, Brasil. Author Ribeiro, Rayane De Tasso Moreira Universidade Federal Rural de Pernambuco, Departamento de Biologia, Laboratório de Taxonomia Vegetal (LATAX), Rua Dom Manoel de Medeiros, s / n, Campus Dois Irmãos, 52.171 - 900, Recife, PE, Brasil. Author Queiroz, Rubens Teixeira De Departamento de Sistemática e Ecologia- Universidade Federal da Paraíba - Campus I, Centro de Ciências Exatas e da Natureza, Jardim Universitário, Castelo Branco, João Pessoa, PB, 58051 - 900, Brasil. & Author for correspondence: rbotânico @ gmail. com text Phytotaxa 2022 2022-07-19 555 1 17 41 http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.555.1.2 journal article 102841 10.11646/phytotaxa.555.1.2 2e2412c5-4709-4f24-b489-db901a316721 1179-3163 6875635 15. Enterolobium contortisiliquum (Velloso 1827: t 25) Morong (1893: 102) . ( Fig. 4i ) Trees , branches glabrescent, inermous. Nectary petiolar, sessile. Stipules caducous. Leaves bipinnate, paripinnate, 8– 12–foliolate, leaflets opposite, oblong, venation actinodromous,translucid punctuation absent. Inflorescence glomerule, axillary. Flowers sessile, actinomorphic, diplostemonous; calyx gamosepalous, sepals 5, corolla gamopetalous, tubular, whitish, petals 5; androecium monadelphous, homodinamous, anthers longitudinal; ovary superior, sessile, pauciovulate. Fruit samara, sessile, linear, plane, margin straight, epicarp glabrous, black. Seeds oblong, plane, coat brown, hilum basal. Examined material:— BRAZIL . Paraíba : Maturéia , Pico do Jabre , 800 m elev., 02 December 2019 , fl. & fr., Aureliana Gomes 509 ( JPB ) . Distribution and ecology: —It is distributed in Argentina , Bolivia , Paraguay , Uruguay and Brazil , where it has records in the Central-West, South and Southeast regions and, mainly, in the Northeast region (BA, CE, PB, PE, PI and RN) in the phytogeographies domains of the Caatinga, Cerrado and Atlantic Rainforest. It is an atypical species in the Caatinga, being most commonly found in the Atlantic Rainforest ( Escobar 2017 ; Queiroz 2009). Phenology:— Registered with flowers and fruits in December. Taxonomic discussion:— Enterolobium contortisiliquum can be recognized, mainly, by the arboreous habit, inermous branches, glomerular inflorescence, white flowers, monadelphous androecium and samara fruits. This species is very peculiar because it has very thick, striate, gray trunks and an open canopy with diffuse branches.