Continental fishes of Nicaragua: diversity, distribution and conservation status; with an annotated and illustrated checklist of species and an identification guide to families Author Angulo, Arturo Escuela de Biología, Museo de Zoología / Centro de Investigación en Biodiversidad y Ecología Tropical (CIBET) and Centro de Author Betts, Joel T. 0000-0002-6018-8995 Department of Fisheries and Wildlife, Michigan State University, 480 Wilson Rd # 13, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA joel. t. betts @ gmail. com; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 6018 - 8995 joel.t.betts@gmail.com Author González-Alemán, Néstor J. Unidad de Gestión Técnica de Proyectos - Oficina de Relaciones Internacionales y de Cooperación Externa (ORICE / UGETEP), Author Castañeda, Edgar 0000-0001-8148-3195 Universidad Americana (UAM, Costado Noroeste Camino de Oriente, Managua, Nicaragua edgar. ecologica @ gmail. com; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0001 - 8148 - 3195 edgar.ecologica@gmail.com Author Berghe, Eric Van Den 0000-0001-7566-0415 Department of Environment and Development, Zamorano Biodiversity Center. Zamorano University of Tegucigalpa, P. O. Box 93, Honduras evandenberghe @ zamorano. edu; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0001 - 7566 - 0415 evandenberghe@zamorano.edu Author Elías, Diego J. Field Museum of Natural History (FMNH). Chicago, Illinois, United States of America delias @ fieldmuseum. org; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0003 - 4215 - 0384 cmcmahan @ fieldmuseum. org; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0003 - 2113 - 8554 delias@fieldmuseum.org Author Mcmahan, Caleb D. Field Museum of Natural History (FMNH). Chicago, Illinois, United States of America delias @ fieldmuseum. org; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0003 - 4215 - 0384 cmcmahan @ fieldmuseum. org; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0003 - 2113 - 8554 delias@fieldmuseum.org Author Matamoros, Wilfredo A. wilmatamoros@yahoo.com text Zootaxa 2023 2023-11-27 5376 1 1 89 https://www.mapress.com/zt/article/download/zootaxa.5376.1.1/52351 journal article 10.11646/zootaxa.5376.1.1 1175-5334 10208788 9ECCB3F7-5481-47C2-8A5A-E9A3F38C31BA Poecilia cf. sphenops Valenciennes 1846 . Black Molly; Olomina, Alumina, Bobita, Panzona, Bubucha, Pepesca Vouchers: UCR 0182-004 (213), 0183-002 (70), 0184-009 (140), 0265-011 (3), 0266-006 (20) and 0464-001 (2); FMNH 5929 (231), 5930 (13), 5931 (89), 5932 (19), 5933 (26), 5934 (27) and 52267 (3). Distribution: North and Central America; from central and southern Mexico to Nicaragua, Atlantic and Pacific drainages; ( Nicaragua ) Co, UI, WK, Pr, GM, KP, Es (Atlantic), Ch, Ne, ER and PN (Pacific); 0–350 masl ; Sec, Dia, Amp. Occurrence and conservation status: Nat; LC (2019), population trend unknown. Literature: Meek (1907: 113 ; brief description, including an identification key, and information on distribution and ecology), Fowler (1923: 29 ; listed, including information on distribution), Astorqui (1975: 107, as Mollinesia sphenops —synonym; brief description, including illustrations and an identification key, and information on distribution and ecology), Villa (1982: 134 ; detailed description, including illustrations and an identification key, and information on distribution and ecology), Carr & Giovannoli (1994: 103 , as M. sphenops —synonym; brief description, including information on distribution and ecology), Poeser (2011: 418 ; identification key and information on distribution and taxonomy), Alda et al. (2013: 1011 ; molecular delimitation, taxonomy and information on distribution, including a map), Bagley et al. (2015: 1 ; molecular delimitation, taxonomy and information on distribution, including a map), Palacios et al. (2016: 232 ; phylogenetic position and information on distribution, including a map) and Álvarez et al. (2021: e3303; brief description, including an identification key and an illustration, and information on distribution). Remarks: This species is listed here according to the morphological definition of Meek (1907) , Astorqui (1975), Villa (1982) and Poeser (2011) . Poecilia sphenops , sensu stricto , is distributed from southern Mexico to eastern El Salvador and Honduras ( Palacios et al. 2016 , Matamoros 2019 ), reaching the north and central regions of Nicaragua ( Bagley et al. 2015 ), up to the Pacific Nicaragua (PN) and Escondido (Es) River Basins. Moreover, based on molecular data, Bagley et al. (2015) and Palacios et al. (2016) listed Poecilia sp. “Tipitapa”, an “undescribed species” from Nicaragua, as part of the “ Poecilia sphenops species complex”. Morphological and more inclusive molecular studies are necessary to clarify this situation and to properly diagnose all taxa involved.