On Araniella and Neoscona (Araneae, Araneidae) of the Caucasus, Middle East and Central Asia
Author
Zamani, Alireza
Author
Marusik, Yuri M.
Author
Sestakova, Anna
text
ZooKeys
2020
906
13
40
http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.906.47978
journal article
http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.906.47978
1313-2970-906-13
EF6D38B4B1A3402BB7642DACCA490AC7
33B523D44A1E5FECBC706B74B9397519
Neoscona spasskyi (Brignoli, 1983), comb. nov., stat. res.
Figs 11C
; 12A, B
; 13C-D
; 14C, E
; 15A-C
; 16A-C
; 17D-F
; 18
Araneus cruciferoides
Spassky, 1952: 203, fig. 6, 10 (♂♀).
Araneus spasskyi
:
Brignoli 1983
: 258 (replacement name for
A. cruciferoides
).
Neoscona tedgenica
:
Marusik et al. 1991
: 20 (misidentified).
Material examined.
Iran: 1♂ 3♀ (ZMMU): Golestan Province: Ramiyan,
36°59'N
,
55°07'E
, 29.07.74 (A. Senglet); 1♀ (MHNG): Razavi Khorasan Province: route to Amirabad,
36°47'N
,
59°54'E
, 1100 m, 23.07.74 (A. Senglet); 3♂ 9♀ (MHNG): North Khorasan Province: Bojnurd,
37°29'N
,
57°26'E
, 26.07.74 (A. Senglet); Turkmenistan: 1♂ 2♀ (ZMMU): Balkan Province: Magtymguly (formerly Garrygala, Kara-Kala), in house, 02.08.79 (V. Fet).
Figure 12.
Habitus of
Neoscona spasskyi
(
A, B
) and
N. theisi
(
C, D
).
A-C
Dorsal
D
ventral
C, D
showing variations in comparison to specimens depicted in Figure
11
. Photos
C, D
courtesy of A. Seropian.
Figure 13.
Females of
Neoscona theisi
(
A, B
),
N. spasskyi
(
C, D
) and
N. isatis
sp. nov. (
E, F
).
A, C, E
Prosoma, ventral
B, D, F
abdomen, ventral. Photos
A, B
courtesy of A. Seropian.
Figure 14.
Male palps and tibiae II of
Neoscona theisi
(
A, D
),
N. isatis
sp. nov. (
B, F
) and
N. spasskyi
(
C, E
).
A-C
Male palp, prolateral
D-F
male tibia II, ventral. Abbreviations:
Co
conductor,
La
lamella,
Ma
median apophysis,
Me
extension of median apophysis,
Ta
terminal apophysis,
Te
tegulum. Scale bars: 0.2 mm, unless stated otherwise.
Figure 15.
Male palps of
Neoscona spasskyi
(
A-C
) and
N. isatis
sp. nov. (
E-G
).
A, C, E, G
Anterior
B, F
ventral. Abbreviations:
Co
conductor,
Em
embolus,
La
lamella,
Ma
median apophysis,
Sm
stipes of median apophysis,
Ta
terminal apophysis. Scale bars: 0.2 mm.
Figure 16.
SEM graphs of the bulbs of
Neoscona spasskyi
(
A-C
) and
N. isatis
sp. nov. (
D-F
).
A, C, D, F
Prolateral
B, E
anterior. Abbreviations:
Co
conductor,
Em
embolus,
La
lamella,
Ma
median apophysis,
Ms
spur of median apophysis,
Sm
stipes of median apophysis,
Ta
terminal apophysis. Scale bars: 0.1 mm.
Figure 17.
Epigynes of
Neoscona theisi
(
A-C
),
N. spasskyi
(
D-F
) and
N. isatis
sp. nov. (
G-I
).
A, D, G
Ventral
B, E, H
posterior
C, F, I
lateral. Abbreviations:
Le
lateral extension,
Sc
scape. Scale bars: 0.2 mm.
Figure 18.
Distribution records of
Araniella mithra
sp. nov. (blue circle),
A. villanii
sp. nov. (violet star),
Neoscona isatis
sp. nov. (green pentagon),
N. spasskyi
(black square),
N. theisi
(gray triangle, only new records) and
N. tedgenica
(brown asterisk).
Diagnosis.
Neoscona spasskyi
differs from the similar
N. theisi
by having a thinner dark median band on the carapace and wider white lateral bands (cf. Figs
11C
and
11A, B, D, E
). Some specimens of this species have a pyramid-type pattern (Fig.
12A, B
) lacking in other species. Males of this species differ from the congeners known in the region by having about 40 ventral spines on tibia II (vs. ca. 90, 20 or 10).
Neoscona spasskyi
differs from
N. isatis
sp. nov. by having prolateral extension of median apophysis. Epigyne of this species has the scape almost as wide as long vs. about twice longer than wide in
N. isatis
sp. nov. It differs from those in
N. theisi
by having distinct constriction (vs. lacking).
Description.
Male.
Habitus as in Figs
11B
,
12A
. Total length 7.47. Carapace 3.60 long, 2.98 wide in pars thoracica, 1.19 in pars cephalica. Eye sizes and interdistances: AME: 0.20, ALE: 0.14, PME: 0.15, PLE: 0.13, AME-AME: 0.19, PME-PME: 0.12. Carapace, labium, chelicerae, and maxillae reddish brown, carapace with distinct and relatively long foveal mark, slightly darker in submarginal and without any patterns. Sternum with dark frontal edges, and a light median band. Legs the same color as the carapace, with annulations and numerous spines. Abdomen grayish green, dark gray in frontal, and with a distinct dark green patch on dorsum, and two light bands with a dark gray patch between them ventrally. Spinnerets light brown, apical segment lighter. Leg I measurements: 16.48 (5.11, 1.83, 4.11, 4.51, 1.28).
Palp as in Figs
14C
,
15A-C
,
16A-C
. Tegulum without distinct ventral extension; median apophysis (
Ma
) with prolateral extension (
Me
) subequal in length to spur (
Ms
) of median apophysis; stipes of median apophysis (
Sm
) as long as apophysis; lamella (
La
) weakly sclerotized; conductor club-like.
Female.
Habitus as in Figs
11C
;
12B
;
13C, D
. Total length 8.75. Carapace 3.98 long, 2.97 wide in pars thoracica, 1.50 in pars cephalica. Eye sizes and interdistances: AME: 0.21, ALE: 0.14, PME: 0.15, PLE: 0.13, AME-AME: 0.21, PME-PME: 0.13. Coloration as in male. Leg I measurements: 7.30 (2.08, 1.02, 1.60, 1.75, 0.85).
Epigyne as in Figs
13D
,
17D-F
. Epigyne with distinct constriction; lateral extensions distinct, wider than long; scape almost as wide as long.
Comments.
Types of this species have not been found among the
Spassky's
collection in the Zoological Museum, St. Petersburg (Nekhaeva, pers. comm.).
Spassky (1952)
described this species as
Araneus cruciferoides
, a name preoccupied by
Tullgren (1910)
on the basis of both sexes. Later, a replacement name,
Araneus spasskyi
, was provided by
Brignoli (1983)
.
Marusik et al. (1991)
erroneously synonymized it with
Neoscona tedgenica
(Bakhvalov, 1978), a species known only from a female and a juvenile specimen collected in Turkmenistan (
Bakhvalov 1978
), and transferred to
Aculepeira
by
Brignoli (1983)
. Comparing available figures in
Spassky (1952)
and
Bakhvalov (1978)
and the newly studied material, these two species differ in the shape of the posterior scape (rounded vs. triangulate) and the dorsal abdominal pattern (white
"true"
folium on a dark background in
N. tedgenica
, vs. dark
"incomplete"
folium on a light background in the other species). For these reasons, we now revalidate the name '
spasskyi
' and establish a new combination for it:
Neoscona spasskyi
(Brignoli, 1972) comb. nov.
Distribution.
Tajikistan, Kyrgyzstan (
Spassky 1952
), Turkmenistan, Iran (first records for both).