Taxonomic revision of the new spider genus Hortophora, the Australasian Garden Orb-weavers (Araneae, Araneidae)
Author
Framenau, Volker W.
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7724-3831
Harry Butler Institute, Murdoch University, Murdoch, Western Australia 6150, Australia & Department of Terrestrial Zoology, Western Australian Museum, Welshpool, Western Australia 6103, Australia & Zoological Museum Hamburg, Leibnitz Institute for the Analysis of Biodiversity Change (LIB), Centre for Taxonomy & Morphology, Martin-Luther-King-Platz 3, 20146 Hamburg, Germany
volker.framenau@murdoch.edu.au
Author
Baptista, Renner L. C.
Laboratorio de Diversidade de Aracnideos, Universidade do Brasil / Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro. Av. Carlos Chagas Filho 373, 21941 - 902, Ilha do Fundao, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
Author
Oliveira, Francisca Samia M.
Laboratorio de Diversidade de Aracnideos, Universidade do Brasil / Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro. Av. Carlos Chagas Filho 373, 21941 - 902, Ilha do Fundao, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
Author
Castanheira, Pedro de S.
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0623-1622
Harry Butler Institute, Murdoch University, Murdoch, Western Australia 6150, Australia & Laboratorio de Diversidade de Aracnideos, Universidade do Brasil / Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro. Av. Carlos Chagas Filho 373, 21941 - 902, Ilha do Fundao, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
text
Evolutionary Systematics
2021
2021-11-02
5
2
275
334
http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/evolsyst.5.72474
journal article
http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/evolsyst.5.72474
2535-0730-2-275
9AC22770F3004265A21F841EA364FFD5
671FAEEE86B25BE9A720A18193BC42B1
Hortophora porongurup Framenau & Castanheira
sp. nov.
Figs 2F
, 18
, 19
, 20
, 21
Eriophora
sp. NGEN01 64:
Scharff et al. 2020
, 5, fig. 3.
Type material.
Holotype
male, Porongurup National Park, S end of Millinup Pass (
34°42'S
,
117°54'E
, Western Australia, Australia), M. S. Harvey, J. M. Waldock, 30 March 1993 (WAM T155065).
Etymology.
The specific epithet is a noun in apposition derived from the type locality, Porongurup National Park.
Other material examined.
See Appendix 1.
Diagnosis.
Males of
H. porongurup
sp. nov. are easily identified by the extremely elongated median apophysis of the male pedipalp that reaches far beyond the pedipalp contour (Fig.
18C, D
), unlike in any other
Hortophora
gen. nov. males. Similarly, females of
H. porongurup
sp. nov. are unlike any other species in the genus and can be distinguished from all other
Hortophora
gen. nov. by the thick and rounded lateral borders of the epigyne and an extremely wide central division (Fig.
19C, E
). The central division is much narrower in all other
Hortophora
gen. nov. species.
Figure 18.
Hortophora porongurup
sp. nov., male holotype (WAM T155065).
A.
dorsal habitus;
B.
ventral habitus;
C.
left pedipalp, ventral view;
D.
left pedipalp, dorsal view. Scale bars: 2 mm (
A, B
); 0.2 mm (
C, D
).
Description.
Male
(holotype, WAM T155065): Total length: 5.9. Carapace 3.0 long, 2.4 wide; yellow-brown with irregular darker discolourations (Fig.
18A
). Eye diameter AME 0.14, ALE 0.09, PME 0.11, PLE 0.09; row of eyes: AME 0.54, PME 0.38, PLE 1.35. Chelicerae yellowish-brown; four promarginal teeth (apical and third largest) and three retromarginal teeth (similar size). Legs yellow-brown with dark brown patches on joints, patellae, tibiae and metatarsi, especially on legs III and IV (Fig.
18A, B
). Tibiae of leg II with elongated strong setae but without megaspur (Fig.
2E
). Leg formula I> IV> II> III; length of segments (femur + patella + tibia + metatarsus + tarsus = total length): I - 2.9 + 1.3 + 2.5 + 1.9 + 0.8 = 9.4, II - 2.5 + 1.2 + 2.0 + 0.9 + 0.6 = 7.2, III - 2.0 + 0.7 + 1.1 + 1.0 + 0.5 = 5.3, IV - 2.7 + 1.0 + 1.7 + 1.7 + 0.7 = 7.8. Labium 0.38 long, 0.54 wide, yellowish-brown; endites yellow-brown (Fig.
18B
). Sternum 1.3 long, 0.9 wide, yellow-brown with dusky patches (Fig.
18B
). Abdomen 3.0 long, 2.4 wide; dorsum with indistinct humeral humps and pointed posterior end, olive-grey with distinct folium pattern and dark central line (Fig.
18A
); venter olive-grey with two indistinct large light patches mainly in posterior half (Fig.
18B
). Pedipalp length of segments (femur + patella + tibia + cymbium = total length): 0.7 + 0.3 + 0.3 + 1.4 = 2.7, paracymbium short and hook-like (Fig.
18D
); median apophysis transverse, highly elongated, with two apical tips (Fig.
18C
); conductor lobe of standard size; terminal apophysis bubble-shaped and tapering into a short, sclerotised tip (Fig.
18C
); conductor subquadrate, with a sclerotised tip; embolus short and thick (Fig.
18C
).
Female
(WAM T155066): Total length 7.0. Carapace 2.8 long, 2.2 wide; brown, with darker discolorations (Fig.
19A
). Eye diameter AME 0.20, ALE 0.13, PME 0.14, PLE 0.13; row of eyes: AME 0.52, PME 0.43, PLE 1.40. Chelicerae brown; four promarginal teeth (apical and third largest) and three retromarginal teeth (similar size). Legs as in male but somewhat lighter (Fig.
19A, B
). Pedipalp length of segments (femur + patella + tibia + tarsus = total length): 0.9 + 0.4 + 0.6 + 1.1 = 3.0. Leg formula I> IV> II> III; and length of segments: I - 2.9 + 1.4 + 2.2 + 2.0 + 0.8 = 9.3, II - 2.6 + 1.2 + 2.0 + 0.9 + 0.7 = 7.4, III - 1.6 + 0.6 + 1.4 + 1.0 + 0.5 = 5.1, IV - 2.4 + 1.0 + 1.7 + 1.8 + 0.7 = 7.6. Labium 0.36 long, 0.63 wide, as in male; endites as in male (Fig.
19B
). Sternum 1.4 long, 1.1 wide, colour as in male (Fig.
19B
). Abdomen 4.5 long, 3.5 wide; with humeral humps and tip posteriorly, dorsal and ventral colour as in male (Fig.
19A, B
). Epigyne (Fig.
19C-E
) wider than long, borders thick and rounded, heavily sclerotized; central division wide; and scape with broad basis, but shape unknown as broken off in all examined specimens.
Figure 19.
Hortophora porongurup
sp. nov., female (WAM T155066).
A.
dorsal habitus;
B.
ventral habitus;
C.
epigyne, ventral view;
D.
epigyne, lateral view;
E.
epigyne, posterior view. Scale bars: 2 mm (
A, B
); 0.2 mm (
C-E
).
Variation.
Size variation: total length males 5.9-6.7 (n=3), females 7.0-8.8 (n=6). The scape of the female epigyne was broken off in all females examined. The folium pattern of
H. porongurup
sp. nov. with a dark central line is fairly consistent between specimens examined by us.
Life history and habitat preferences.
Mature males and females of
H. porongurup
sp. nov. have only been found in March and April, suggesting this species to be autumn-mature. Only one specimen vial included a habitat description, which was 'deep gully, in elevated leaf
litter'
.
Distribution.
Hortophora porongurup
sp. nov. has only been found in southern Western Australia (Fig.
20
).
Figure 20.
Distribution records of
Hortophora porongurup
sp. nov. in Australia.