Comparative morphology and biology of terminalinstar larvae of some Eurytoma (Hymenoptera, Eurytomidae) species parasitoids of gall wasps (Hymenoptera, Cynipidae) in western Europe Author Gómez, José Francisco Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas (UCM), Departamento de Zoología y Antropología Física, Ciudad Universitaria, 28040 Madrid (Spain) jf. gomez @ bio. ucm. es Author Nieves-Aldrey, José Luis Author Nieves, María Hernández Museo Nacional de Ciencias Naturales (CSIC), Departamento de Biodiversidad y Biología Evolutiva, c / José Gutiérrez Abascal 2, 28006 Madrid (Spain) aldrey @ mncn. csic. es Author Stone, Graham Nicholas Institute of Evolutionary Biology, University of Edinburgh, School of Biological Sciences, The King’s Buildings, West Mains Road, Edinburgh, EH 9 3 JT (United Kingdom) graham. stone @ ed. ac. uk stone@ed.ac.uk text Zoosystema 2011 2011-09-30 33 3 287 323 http://dx.doi.org/10.5252/z2011n3a3 journal article 10.5252/z2011n3a3 1638-9387 4546941 Eurytoma rufipes Walker, 1832 MATERIAL EXAMINED. — Ex Xestophanes brevitarsis : Spain . La Coruña, Arins, 17.VII.2003 , J. L. Nieves leg (n = 2). Ex X. potentillae : Spain . Madrid , Cotos de Monterrey, 24. VI .2004 , J. F. Gómez leg (n = 16, of which 1 specimen MNHN-EY 6413). — Tarragona, Colldejou, 14.VIII.2003 , J. L. Nieves leg (n = 6). DESCRIPTION n = 24, body length 1.7 mm (range 1.2-2.4;); body width 0.9 mm (0.3-1.3) ( Figs 6A ; 8A ); body barrelshaped, tapering posteriorly, widest at segments 1-3; ratio L/W = 1.74; ventral margin of body segments slightly convex; anterodorsal protuberances present from second thoracic segment to the eighth abdominal and not protruding beyond the dorsal margin of body segments ( Fig. 8A ). Antero-medial setae of the antennal area situated slightly below the antennae; antero-medial setae of vertex situated more or less midway between anterior margin of vertex and the antennae ( Fig. 10B ); ratios SA/LAA = 0.2 and SA/DAV = 1.4; dorsallabral setae as long as clypeal setae; ventral margin of clypeus with a distinct suture; labrum with slight divisions limited to apical part of labrum, showing a pair of lateral flaps and five poorly differentiated lobes; maxillary palps conspicuous ( Fig. 12C ). Mandibles with two teeth, exposed in part, with the tip of the first tooth visible ( Fig. 12C ); ratio L/W 1T = 1.93; outer margin of first tooth strongly convex, tip moderately recurved; apex of the second tooth straight, directed upwards in the same direction as the first tooth, and more or less acute; inner margin of mandible, from the base of second tooth, forming a small projection relatively separated from the base of the second tooth ( Fig. 13I ). BIOLOGY This is an ectoparasitoid associated with galls of Xestophanes brevitarsis (Thomson, 1877) and X. potentillae (Retzius, 1783) , both developing in runners on different species of Potentilla (Rosaceae) . Univoltine and oligophagous, attacking the gallinducing cynipid larva ( Fig. 15B ). Fully-grown larvae overwinter inside the gall and the adults emerge in synchrony with the development of new Xestophanes galls. REMARKS The larvae of E. rufipes is similar to the larvae of E. mayri and E. pediaspisi in terms of the position on the head of the antero-medial setae of vertex, and by the presence of only slight apical divisions on the medial part of the labrum. They differ from other larvae in having mandibles with a small projection on the inner margin at the base of the second tooth.