A new integrated morpho- and molecular systematic classification of Cenozoic radiolarians (Class Polycystinea) - suprageneric taxonomy and logical nomenclatorial acts
Author
Suzuki, Noritoshi
Author
Caulet, Jean-Pierre
Author
Dumitrica, Paulian
text
Geodiversitas
2021
2021-07-08
43
15
405
573
journal article
5275
10.5252/geodiversitas2021v43a15
a8353504-9387-42cf-8d81-8ecacbe9bd90
1638-9395
5101757
urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:DC259A19-9B35-4B33-AD9F-44F4E1DA9983
Order
SPUMELLARIA
Ehrenberg, 1876
Phylogenetic molecular lineage I (
Sandin
et al.
2021
).
DIAGNOSIS. — No common morphological characters have been recognized yet.
REMARKS
The lineage I includes the superfamilies
Hexacromyoidea
(including Clades A to C),
Spongosphaeroidea
(including Clade D),
Lithocyclioidea
(including Clade E1)and
Spongodiscoidea
(including Clades E2 and E3). This Lineage consists of Clades A, B, C, D and E. The group of Clades D and E is independent from other clades with 100% PhyML bootstrap values, with 10 000 replicates (BS) and>0.99 posterior probabilities (PP) in 18SrDNA. A group of Clades A, B and C is separable from the group of Clades D and E, but their clustering is not stable as of yet.
Hexacromyum
(originally
Hexacontium
) was clustered into both Clades A and B so that these two clades did not have to be grouped as a single superfamily in
Hexacromyidae
.
Hollandosphaera
was correctly grouped in a single Clade B and thus,
Hollandosphaeridae
was applicable to this Clade. Clade E exclusively includes
Spongosphaera
in order to assign it as
Spongosphaeridae
. Clade E1 includes
Didymocyrtis
and
Spongolivella
(originally
Cypassis
), Clade E2 includes
Spongocyclia
and
Schizodiscus
, and Clade E3 includes
Dictyocoryne
,
Spongodiscus
,
Spongaster
and
Tricranastrum
(originally
Myelastrum
and
Triastrum
). Almost all branches within Cluster E have a very low support in 18SrDNA; however, the Clade E fits well with the superfamily
Spongodiscoidea
. As
Lithocyclioidea
is considered an ancestor of
Didymocyrtis
, this superfamily is also included in Lineage I.