Nine new earthworm species of Proandricus Plisko, 1992 from South Africa and Lesotho (Oligochaeta: Microchaetidae)
Author
Plisko, Jadwiga Danuta
text
African Invertebrates
2002
2002-12-31
43
183
204
journal article
10.5281/zenodo.7666001
2305-2562
7666001
Proandricus michelleae
sp. n.
(
Fig. 8
)
Etymology: Named for Dr M. Hamer of the School of Botany & Zoology, University of Natal, Pietermaritzburg, who collected and donated the
type
material to the Natal Museum.
Material
examined:
SOUTH AFRICA
:
KwaZulu-Natal
:
Holotype
NMSA
/Olig.02713,
Drakensberg Gardens
,
Mzimkulwane area
(
29º42'S
:
29º19'E
) on surface of path during rainy day,
16 February 1998
,
M. Hamer
and
K. Martens
leg.
Paratype
:
NMSA
/
Olig.
02714 collected together with holotype
.
Description based on
holotype
and
paratype
.
External characters:
General
: Body cylindrical, flattened at clitellum and in the area of tubercula pubertatis.
Colour
: Alcohol-preserved yellowish-grey.
Dimensions
: Preserved
holotype
110 mm
long,
4 mm
wide at segment
10, 7 mm
at tubercula pubertatis.
Paratype
134 mm
long,
5 mm
wide at
10, 7 mm
at tubercula pubertatis.
Segment number
:
Holotype
383.
Prostomium
: Prolobous, moderate.
Segmentation
: Secondary annulation present on preclitellar segments; 1 and 2 short, with longitudinal grooves; 3 simple, as long as first ringlet of segment 4; 4–8 with two simple ringlets, similar in size and appearance; 9 with two ringlets, second shorter than first; segments 10–12 simple, irregularly annulated, postclitellar simple.
Setae
: Moderate in size, closely paired; first pairs on segment 3; on annulated segments on first ringlet; setal distances of
aa
are not constant on some preclitellar and on some postclitellar segments; on 9–13
aa
setae are slightly closer than these on 15– 16; on 17–20, covered by tissue of the tubercula pubertatis, probably located similarly to these on16; on 21–30 distances slightly increasing;
ab
=
cd
on all segments; on segments 31 and the following aa> bc.
Nephridial pores
: Conspicuous, in
cd
setal lines; first pair in intersegmental furrow 3/4.
Female pores
: In posterior part of 14, between
b
and
c
setal lines.
Male pores
: It is difficult to establish exact position: two clear, elongated depressions in segment 16 slightly above
ab
setae suggest presence of male pores; however, in the same segment, medially, near to intersegmental furrow of 16/17, is a longitudinal, single concavity. It can include the pore or pores into which vasa deferentia enter; in dissected specimen vasa deferentia were observed in anterior part of segment 17, close to the external middle cavity; however, in intersegmental furrow 17/18, laterally to tubercula pubertatis are two clear openings that may be male pores.
Spermathecal pores
: Not observed externally; position of spermathecae noted during dissection indicates they are in intersegmental furrows 11/12 and 12/13.
Figs 8–9.
Proandricus
species.
Clitellar region, ventral view. 8.
P
.
michelleae
sp. n.
9.
P
.
richerti
sp. n.
[C= clitellum; T = tuberculum pubertatis.]
Clitellar region (
Fig. 8
):
Clitellum
: Saddle-shaped, segmented; on segments 13–23, although clitellar tissues cover segment 13 only dorsally in the middle portion; on 13– 15 ventral edges terminate at
cd
setae; on 16–20 at edges of tubercula pubertatis; on 21–23 clitellum extends slightly below
cd
setae.
Tubercula pubertatis
: On segments 16–20, segmented; on 17–19 marked by brownish colour; vertically stretched rectangles, medially separated and rimmed with narrow strips, extended laterally to clitellar borders; bordering clitellum on 1/n16–1/n20 with clear, enlarged rims.
Papillae
: A pair of moderately sized, swollen tubercles around
ab
setae on 12, associated with genital glands.
Internal characters:
Septa
: 4/5 5/6 6/7 thin, not thickened; 7/8 and 8/9 thickened very much, muscular, similar in size and appearance; other septa thin, firm.
Gizzard
: In 7; small, anteriorly muscular, posteriorly soft.
Calciferous glands
: In 9, lateral; separated dorsally and ventrally.
Intestine
: Commences in 13.
Typhlosole
: Commences in 13 as large U-shaped tube; in
holotype
terminates in segment 170.
Dorsal blood vessel
: In 5 and 6 double, close; in 7 double in only posterior part, close; in 8 double, separated; 9 double, cordiform; single when crossing septa, in 10 and following segments.
Paired dorsoventral vessels
: Thin vessels in 5–8; in 9–11 enlarged, moniliform.
Nephridia
: Meganephridia
; coiled loops and V-shaped caeca.
Reproductive organs:
Spermiductal funnels
: Proandric arrangement (in segment 10); one pair of large funnels enclosed in common sac; closely connected with seminal sacs at posterior part of segment 10; iridescence confirms presence of sperm.
Vasa
deferentia
: Single ducts run medially at each side of body to anterior part of segment 17, when they enter body wall; it is difficult to establish which cavities noted externally on segment 16 or intersegmental furrow 17/18 correspond with vasa deferentia.
Seminal vesicles
: One pair of large vesicles anteriorly connected at septum 10/11 with spermiductal funnels; elongated, confined to segment 11; bent vertically and closely touching each other dorsally.
Spermathecae
: One pair per segment near septa 11/12 and 12/13; tiny, tubular, bent or coiled tubes based on small thickenings.
Ovaries
: Not observed, covered by body wall tissue.
Genital glands
: A pair of moderately sized and similar appearance, ventrally in segment 12; twice-folded, elongated glands; associated with papillae.
Biological notes: Collected in outskirts of Drakensberg escarpment, in a patch of Afromontane forest invaded by alien plantations of wattle and pine trees. Associated with the new species
martensi
, described above.
Discussion: This species belongs to the
colletti
species-group. It is similar to the new species
martensi
, having spermathecal pores in intersegmental furrows 11/12 and 12/ 13 and clitellum on segments 13–23. However, the shapes of the clitellum and tubercula pubertatis are distinct in both species.