Review of Pandara DeLong & Freytag (Insecta: Hemiptera: Cicadellidae: Gyponini), raised to generic status, including three new species and an identification key Author Silva, Marcelo Peixoto Gomes Da Author Gonçalves, Clayton Corrêa 0000-0003-3045-3425 clayton.correa.goncalves@gmail.com Author Takiya, Daniela Maeda 0000-0002-6233-3615 takiya@gmail.com text Zootaxa 2024 2024-06-05 5463 2 247 261 http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5463.2.5 journal article 298425 10.11646/zootaxa.5463.2.5 cbadfbd8-0e9e-49fb-8e86-74fb1ba9b78d 1175-5326 11616124 554A4E10-E39B-4FEB-9844-A9F8716589BF Pandara inca sp. nov. ( Figs 2 , 6F–G ) Diagnosis: Male pygofer ( Fig. 2F ) with dorsal margin strongly declivous posteriorly at apical third; posterior margin rounded. Style, in lateral view ( Fig. 2J ), with a protrusion on median third of ventral margin. Aedeagus ( Figs 2K–L ) with shaft flattened dorsoventrally, with two pairs of preapical processes: dorsal pair short, posteroventrally directed and ventral pair bifid with rami crossing the other, dorsal ramus shorter and proximal to shaft and ventral ramus longer and distal to the shaft. Total length. Male, 8.0 mm. Description. External morphological characters as in generic description. Coloration . Color pattern as in generic description. Male terminalia. Sternite VIII, in ventral view ( Fig. 2E ), approximately 1.2 times wider than long. Valve, in ventral view, about 1.4 times wider than long; posterior margin rounded. Pygofer, in lateral view ( Fig. 2F ), approximately 1.5 times longer than high; dorsal margin strongly declivous posteriorly at apical third; posterior margin rounded; preapical dorsal process ( Fig. 2G ) semicircular. Subgenital plates, in lateral view ( Fig. 2F ), not extending to apex of pygofer; in ventral view ( Fig. 2H ), approximately 4.1 times longer than maximum width; inner lateral margin slightly rounded, outer lateral margin slightly excavated in median third; apex acutely rounded. Connective, in dorsal view ( Fig. 2I ), about half-length of styles. Style in lateral view ( Fig. 2J ), with outer lobe with rounded apex; ventral margin of blade with an irregular protrusion at middle third. Aedeagus ( Figs 2K–L ) shaft flattened dorsoventrally, slightly apically expanded; with two pairs of preapical processes: dorsal pair short, approximately one seventh of length of shaft, posteroventrally directed, apex acute, and ventral pair bifid with rami crossed, dorsal ramus shorter than ventral one and closest to shaft in caudal view. Female unknown. Distribution. Peru ( Amazonas ). Etymology. The new species epithet alludes to the Inca civilization, one of the most important empires in pre- Columbian America. Material examined. Male holotype : “ Peru : Dept. Amazonas , Distr.\ Aguas Verdes Bagua / Tarapoto \ Rd (5N) at km 403, malaise\ 05º41’23”S 77º38’13”W ,\ 1125m , 3-10.x.2008 ,\ M.E. Irwin , G. Antón Amaya ” ( MUSM ) . FIGURE 2. Pandara inca sp. nov. male holotype. A , head and thorax, dorsal view. B , head, ventral view. C , head and thorax, lateral view. D , forewing. E , sternite VIII, ventral view. F , pygofer, valve, subgenital plate, and anal tube, lateral view. G , right pygofer lobe, dorsal view. H , subgenital plate, ventral view. I , Connective and styles, dorsal view. J , style, lateral view. K , aedeagus, caudolateral view. L , aedeagus, caudal view. DPP: dorsal preapical process. VPP-dr: ventral preapical process, dorsal ramus. VPP-vr: ventral preapical process, ventral ramus. Scale bars: A–C = 1 mm; D = 2 mm; E–F, H–L = 0.5 mm; G = 0.3 mm. Notes. Pandara inca sp. nov. resembles P . eleganta and P . parallela sp. nov. in having the aedeagus with two pairs of preapical processes and the second pair bifid. However, Pandara inca sp. nov. differs from these species in having the dorsal margin of the pygofer strongly declivous posteriorly at the apical third and by the crossed rami of the ventral processes of the aedeagus.