Subfossil rodents and tenrecs of Children’s Cave, Madagascar Author Denys, Christiane Institut de Systématique, Evolution, Biodiversité (ISYEB) UMR 7205, Muséum National d’Histoire Naturelle, CNRS, Sorbonne Universités, EPHE, Université des Antilles, Paris, France; Author Gabriel, Nadine W. Department of Earth Sciences, Natural History Museum, London, UK; Author Lalis, Aude Institut de Systématique, Evolution, Biodiversité (ISYEB) UMR 7205, Muséum National d’Histoire Naturelle, CNRS, Sorbonne Universités, EPHE, Université des Antilles, Paris, France; Author Jenkins, Paulina Vertebrates Division, Natural History Museum, London, UK text Journal of Natural History 2024 2024-07-15 58 25 - 28 796 839 http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00222933.2024.2370663 journal article 10.1080/00222933.2024.2370663 1464-5262 13219769 Brachyuromys betsileoensis ( Bartlett, 1880 ) Most of the remains attributed to Brachyuromys by Major under the invalid name B. arvicoloides belong to the smaller species B. betsileoensis . Attributed material: Lower Stratum: 1 maxilla; 1 mandibular ramus. Upper Stratum: 30 crania and maxillary fragments; 44 mandibular rami; 5 molars; see Appendix for details. Figure 3. Scatter diagram of modern Brachyuromys spp. with Children’s Cave, Antsirabe and Lavajaza specimens. Top: LS13: length of the upper molar row, WM1: width of M1. Bottom: abscissa: length of the mandible (LMDB), ordinate: L13: length of the lower molar row. Measurements in mm. The two specimens from the Lower Stratum belong to a juvenile ( CD77 ) and an adult specimen ( CD78 ). They are both small but fit within the variability of the modern B . betsileoensis ( Table 1 ). The other specimens from the Upper Stratum are relatively similar in size to modern representatives but always fit within the smallest dimensions of the bivariate graphs ( Figure 3 ). They display lophs that are less oblique than those of B . ramirohitra and the longitudinal links between lophs are visible until an advanced stage of wear ( Figure 4a,b ).