Taxonomy and bioacoustics of scaly crickets (Orthoptera, Mogoplistidae Mogoplistinae) from Borneo and Singapore Author Tan, Ming Kai 0000-0002-4324-6305 Department of Biological Sciences, National University of Singapore, 14 Science Drive 4, Singapore 117543, Republic of Singapore orthoptera. mingkai @ gmail. com; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 4324 - 6305 orthoptera.mingkai@gmail.com Author Japir, Razy Forest Research Centre (Sepilok), Sabah Forestry Department, PO Box 1407, 90715 Sandakan, Sabah, Malaysia. & razy. japir @ sabah. gov. my Author Chung, Arthur Y. C. Forest Research Centre (Sepilok), Sabah Forestry Department, PO Box 1407, 90715 Sandakan, Sabah, Malaysia. & arthur. chung @ sabah. gov. my, https: // orcid / org / 0000 - 0002 - 9529 - 4114 Author Wahab, Rodzay Bin Haji Abdul Institute for Biodiversity and Environmental Research, Universiti Brunei Darussalam, Jalan Universiti, BE 1410, Brunei Darussalam. rodzay. wahab @ ubd. edu. bn; https: // orcid / org / 0000 - 0002 - 2151 - 7709 rodzay.wahab@ubd.edu.bn Author Robillard, Tony 0000-0002-2177-9549 Institut de Systématique, Evolution, Biodiversité (ISYEB), Muséum national d’Histoire naturelle, CNRS, SU, EPHE, UA, 57 rue Cuvier, CP 50, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France. tony. robillard @ mnhn. fr; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 2177 - 9549 tony.robillard@mnhn.fr text Zootaxa 2022 2022-11-24 5213 2 177 189 journal article 196617 10.11646/zootaxa.5213.2.6 ce66e40a-3c1f-400d-bd74-0a441f98e93d 1175-5326 7354377 F823FA04-77C4-469B-9BC3-A942303B9DBE Ornebius pullus Ingrisch, 2006 ( Figs 1B , 4 , 5 ) Ornebius pullus Ingrisch, 2006: 157 Ornebius pullus — He et al . 2021: 88 [assigning to species group Ornebius ( flori ) Ingrisch, 1998 ]; Tan et al . 2021: 416 [notes on new locality and variations with Singapore specimens]; Tan et al . under review [calling songs from Singapore ] Ornebius cf. pullus — Tan 2012: 34; Tan & Ingrisch 2013: 25 ; Tan 2017: 55 ; Tan 2019: 335 Specimens examined. EAST MALAYSIA • 1♂ ; Sabah State , Tabin Wildlife Reserve ; N5.19496 , E118.50326 , 117.1± 10.3 m .a.s.l.; 15 May 2022 , 22h17; on the branch of a small tree; coll. M.K. Tan , T. Robillard & R. Japir ; SBH.22.95 ( FRC ) Remarks. The specimen collected from Sabah exhibits some differences with O. pullus collected from Belait ( Brunei Darussalam ) and Singapore : legs with more whitish marmoration, supra-anal plate whitish when alive. However, we could not identify clear-cut differences in the genitalia, including both the sclerotized median valve and the membranous lateral valves between the specimen from Sabah and those from Brunei Darussalam ( Fig. 5 ). As Tan et al . (2021) have also suggested that there might be a polymorphic species and that more evidence was needed (e.g., DNA or acoustics) to better understand the species boundaries. At the moment, the external morphology and genitalia morphology are not congruent between specimens from Brunei Darussalam , Singapore and Sabah; we also do not have acoustic data for the Brunei population; and no molecular data are available. Furthermore, the specimen from Sabah also shares some similarities (but also with clear differences) in the external morphology of Ornebius minusculus ( Chopard, 1929 ) from Sipura Island (Sumatra) (http://coldb.mnhn.fr/ catalognumber/mnhn/eo/ensif4531), although the genitalia for this species has not been examined. As such, without more specimens from Sabah to examine variations, we refrained from describing it as a new species, tentatively identified it as O. pullus and preferred to revise its taxonomy when the chance arises. FIGURE 4. Ornebius pullus Ingrisch, 2006 ♂ calling song: oscillograms showing three echemes (A) and three syllables (B); spectrogram of the same syllables (C); power spectra of a syllable (D) where the grey line represents the power [dB] (axis name and scale in grey) and the black solid peak represents the relative amplitude (axis name in black). FIGURE 5. Ornebius pullus Ingrisch, 2006 male genitalia of specimen from Singapore (A), Belait (Brunei Darussalam) (B, C) and Sabah (D, E). Genitalia were cleaned with KOH (A–D) and with membraneous parts still present after dissection (E). The genitalia of the respective specimens were ordered according to the FWs colouration: the specimen from Singapore has a wholly black/ dark FW, followed by specimens from Belait (dark brown FW with a black posterior band) and specimen from Sabah (brown FW with a black posterior band). Scale bar: 1 mm. Distribution. Brunei Darussalam ( Belait and Brunei-Muara Districts), East Malaysia ( Sabah State ) [new locality record], Singapore . Type locality. BRUNEI DARUSSALAM , Brunei-Muara District , near bridge over river Sungai Lubang Barus on road coming from Tutong . Calling song ( 1 ♂ , in captivity, 31.5°C) ( Fig. 4 ). The calling song generally consists of a sequence of syllables (= pulses), which can be highly variable in duration (2–14 s or 4–25 syllables). The average syllable duration is 37.5±5.0 ms (31.0–46.0 ms) and the average interval between consecutive syllables is 501.2±20.4 ms (469.3–538.4 ms). The dominant frequency is 7.97±0.13 kHz (7.78–8.16 kHz). Compared to the calling song of Ornebius pullus from Singapore (see Tan et al ., under review), the calling song of this specimen from Sabah has a similar call structure (i.e., the calls of both species are made up of a sequence of syllables). The biggest difference is in the interval between consecutive syllables being distinctly longer (501.2 ms vs. 400.0 ms) than that from Singapore . The syllable is only marginally longer in duration on average (37.5 ms vs. 32.4 ms) and the dominant frequency is not different (8.0 kHz vs. 8.1 kHz).