An Integrative Description Of A New Richtersius Species From Greece (Tardigrada: Eutardigrada: Richtersiusidae)
Author
Pogwizd, Justyna
Author
Stec, Daniel
text
Acta Zoologica Academiae Scientiarum Hungaricae
2022
2022-02-14
68
1
1
21
http://dx.doi.org/10.17109/azh.68.1.1.2022
journal article
10.17109/AZH.68.1.1.2022
2064-2474
7160995
Richtersius tertius
sp. n.
(
Figs 1–7
)
Richtersius
sp. 7
(GR.008;
MK214323
–5) in
STEC
et al.
2020
a
Richtersius
sp.
(OTU6;
MK214323
–5) in
KAYASTHA
et al.
2020
a
Etymology: The name “
tertius
” refers to the fact that the new species is the third formally described in the genus
Richtersius
.
Material examined: 171 animals and
73 eggs
: specimens mounted on microscope slides in Hoyer’s medium (
134 adult
animals + 12 hatchlings +
59 eggs
), fixed on SEM stub (12 + 9 + 14), and used for DNA extraction and sequencing (4 + 0 + 0; in
STEC
et al.
2020
a
).
Description of the new species – Adults (measurements and statistics in
Table 2
).
Table 2.
Measurements [in Μm] and
pt
values of selected morphological structures of adults of
Richtersius tertius
sp. n.
excluding hatchlings. (Specimens mounted in Hoyer’s medium; N = number of specimen/structures measured, Range refers to the smallest and the largest structure among all measured specimens; SD = standard deviation).
| N |
Range |
Mean |
SD |
Holotype |
| Character |
Μm |
pt
|
Μm |
pt
|
Μm |
pt
|
Μm |
pt
|
| Body length |
30 |
608–904 |
–
|
753 |
75 |
866 |
| Buccal tube |
| Buccal tube length |
30 |
65.1–90.8 |
– |
77.9 |
–
|
5.7 |
–
|
81.2 |
–
|
| Stylet support insertion point |
30 |
43.1–59.4 |
65.3–68.9
|
52.5 |
67.3
|
4.1 |
1.1
|
53.6 |
66.0
|
| Buccal tube external width |
30 |
4.0–7.3 |
5.6–8.8
|
5.9 |
7.5
|
0.8 |
0.8
|
6.1 |
7.5
|
| Buccal tube internal width |
30 |
1.6–2.3 |
2.0–3.1
|
1.9 |
2.5
|
0.2 |
0.3
|
1.9 |
2.3
|
| Ventral lamina length |
30 |
24.6–40.1 |
37.8–48.9
|
34.3 |
43.9
|
3.6 |
2.8
|
32.5 |
40.0
|
| Placoid lengths |
| Macroplacoid 1 |
30 |
10.3–15.2 |
13.7–19.5
|
12.7 |
16.4
|
1.1 |
1.7
|
14.9 |
18.3
|
| Macroplacoid 2 |
30 |
5.3–9.9 |
6.9–13.1
|
8.5 |
10.9
|
0.8 |
1.1
|
8.6 |
10.6
|
| Macroplacoid row |
30 |
19.1–25.4 |
25.3–32.6
|
22.2 |
28.6
|
1.4 |
2.0
|
25.4 |
31.3
|
| Claw I heights |
| External base |
24 |
9.1–15.8 |
12.8–19.9
|
12.1 |
15.4
|
1.6 |
1.7
|
12.2 |
15.0
|
| External primary branch |
24 |
16.1–25.0 |
23.8–31.6
|
21.5 |
27.4
|
1.9 |
2.1
|
23.1 |
28.4 |
Table 2
(continued)
| N |
Range |
Mean |
SD |
Holotype |
| Character |
| Μm |
pt
|
Μm |
pt
|
Μm |
pt
|
Μm |
pt
|
| External secondary branch |
24 |
12.9–20.2 |
19.0–25.8
|
17.3 |
22.0
|
1.7 |
1.8
|
17.5 |
21.6
|
| External base/primary branch (cct) |
24 |
48.4–66.7 |
– |
56.5 |
–
|
4.6 |
–
|
52.8 |
–
|
| Internal base |
27 |
7.4–14.6 |
11.4–18.6
|
11.4 |
14.5
|
1.9 |
1.9
|
10.6 |
13.1
|
| Internal primary branch |
27 |
15.4–24.8 |
22.9–29.9
|
20.7 |
26.4
|
2.2 |
1.9
|
22.6 |
27.8
|
| Internal secondary branch |
27 |
12.6–20.2 |
17.2–25.1
|
16.4 |
21.0
|
2.1 |
2.0
|
15.7 |
19.3
|
| Internal base/primary branch (cct) |
27 |
43.5–65.8 |
– |
54.9 |
–
|
5.6 |
–
|
46.9 |
–
|
| Claw II heights |
| External base |
28 |
8.6–16.2 |
13.0–20.3
|
12.7 |
16.2
|
1.8 |
1.7
|
15.0 |
18.5
|
| External primary branch |
28 |
17.1–26.6 |
23.8–33.7
|
22.2 |
28.4
|
2.1 |
2.5
|
26.6 |
32.8
|
| External secondary branch |
28 |
13.5–21.6 |
18.0–27.8
|
18.2 |
23.3
|
1.7 |
2.0
|
20.2 |
24.9
|
| External base/primary branch (cct) |
28 |
47.9–74.2 |
– |
57.2 |
–
|
5.5 |
–
|
56.4 |
–
|
| Internal base |
28 |
8.3–15.8 |
12.5–19.9
|
11.7 |
15.0
|
1.8 |
1.7
|
13.2 |
16.3
|
| Internal primary branch |
28 |
15.4–25.3 |
23.7–31.9
|
21.2 |
27.3
|
2.3 |
2.1
|
25.3 |
31.2
|
| Internal secondary branch |
28 |
11.7–20.5 |
18.0–26.0
|
16.9 |
21.7
|
2.0 |
2.0
|
20.5 |
25.2
|
| Internal base/primary branch (cct) |
28 |
46.4–65.0 |
– |
55.0 |
–
|
5.3 |
–
|
52.2 |
–
|
| Claw III heights |
| External base |
26 |
9.3–15.2 |
13.5–18.8
|
12.6 |
16.3
|
1.5 |
1.6
|
14.0 |
17.2
|
| External primary branch |
26 |
16.9–26.3 |
24.1–32.4
|
22.3 |
28.8
|
2.3 |
2.4
|
26.3 |
32.4
|
| External secondary branch |
26 |
12.1–21.1 |
18.0–26.1
|
17.9 |
23.1
|
1.9 |
2.0
|
21.1 |
26.0
|
| External base/primary branch (cct) |
26 |
51.7–66.4 |
– |
56.5 |
–
|
3.7 |
–
|
53.2 |
–
|
| Internal base |
24 |
9.0–15.0 |
12.3–18.4
|
11.8 |
15.1
|
1.6 |
1.7
|
13.3 |
16.4
|
| Internal primary branch |
24 |
16.2–25.3 |
23.3–32.6
|
21.7 |
27.8
|
2.3 |
2.4
|
25.3 |
31.2
|
| Internal secondary branch |
24 |
12.0–20.8 |
17.9–27.1
|
17.2 |
22.1
|
2.2 |
2.5
|
20.8 |
25.6
|
| Internal base/primary branch (cct) |
24 |
47.1–64.4 |
– |
54.3 |
–
|
4.5 |
–
|
52.6 |
–
|
| Claw IV heights |
| Anterior base |
23 |
10.6–18.3 |
15.7–23.1
|
14.4 |
18.6
|
1.8 |
1.8
|
15.3 |
18.8
|
| Anterior primary branch |
23 |
21.5–31.8 |
29.4–41.5
|
27.4 |
35.4
|
2.8 |
2.9
|
29.0 |
35.7
|
| Anterior secondary branch |
23 |
14.4–23.4 |
19.8–31.5
|
19.8 |
25.5
|
2.9 |
2.9
|
22.7 |
28.0
|
| Anterior base/primary branch (cct) |
23 |
46.5–57.5 |
– |
52.5 |
–
|
2.9 |
–
|
52.8 |
–
|
| Posterior base |
24 |
9.2–18.4 |
14.1–23.2
|
13.8 |
17.6
|
2.3 |
2.3
|
14.3 |
17.6
|
| Posterior primary branch |
24 |
19.7–30.4 |
28.7–39.0
|
26.7 |
34.3
|
2.9 |
2.6
|
28.1 |
34.6
|
| Posterior secondary branch |
24 |
13.9–24.1 |
20.9–29.2
|
19.3 |
24.8
|
2.6 |
2.6
|
22.1 |
27.2
|
| Posterior base/primary branch (cct) |
24 |
43.6–63.9 |
– |
51.4 |
–
|
5.2 |
–
|
50.9 |
–
|
| Number of teeth on external lunula III |
29 |
7–19 |
– |
12 |
– |
3 |
– |
10 |
– |
| Number of teeth on internal lunula III |
28 |
7–16 |
– |
11 |
– |
2 |
– |
10 |
– |
| Number of teeth on anterior lunula IV |
28 |
9–23 |
– |
14 |
– |
3 |
– |
13 |
– |
| Number of teeth on posterior lunula IV |
28 |
10–22 |
– |
14 |
– |
3 |
– |
17 |
– |
Body yellow, after fixation in Hoyer’s medium, all specimens become transparent (
Fig. 1A
). Eyes present both in live animals and specimens mounted in Hoyer’s medium. Body and leg cuticle without granulation (
Figs 1A
,
3A–D
).
Claws slender, primary branches with distinct accessory points (
Fig. 3A–D
) and a system of internal septa as described by
LISI
et al.
(2020)
. Secondary branches approximately 80% of the length of the primary branches. An evident stalk system connecting the claws to the lunulae is visible under PCM and SEM (
Fig. 3A–D
). The stalk system consists of a thin laminar stalk connecting the claw to the lunula and two posterior lateral extensions (
Fig. 3A–D
). The distal tips of these lateral extension under PCM appear to be connected to the stalk where it contacts the lunula (
Fig. 3A–B
) whereas under SEM the stalk system is visible as a cuticular plate with a protuberant laminar stalk (
Fig. 3C–D
). Lunulae large, smoothly unified with the leg cuticle and with a crown of long, numerous and densely arranged spikes (2.0–3.1 μm long) (
Fig. 3A–D
). Lunulae I–III trapezoidal, whereas lunulae IV ovate (
Fig. 2A–F
). Divided cuticular bars, double muscle attachments, and horseshoe structures are visible in PCM (
Fig. 3A–B
).
Mouth antero-ventral. Sensory lobes merged into a single circular sensory field surrounding the mouth (
Fig. 4A
). Anteriorly, the mouth begins with fused peribuccal lamellae forming a circular velum/lamina which is posteriorly folded into a premouth ventricle (
Fig. 4A–B
). With the exception of the second band of teeth, which is rarely and only faintly visible in larger specimens, the oral cavity armature is not visible under PCM. (
Fig. 5B–C
). Under SEM, the oral cavity armature is clearly seen to be composed of three bands of teeth (
Fig. 4A–B
). The first and the second band form continuous rings around the axis of the mouth, whereas the third band is divided into a dorsal and a ventral portion (
Fig. 4A–B
). The first band of teeth lies on the inner surface of the velum and is composed of numerous small granular cones forming about twenty irregular rows with slightly bigger teeth positioned on the edge closest to the velum (
Fig. 4A–B
). The second band of teeth consists of about ten irregular rows of densely packed, elongate, sharp cones which lie on a cuticular fold protruding from the pre-mouth ventricle (
Fig. 4A–B
). The discontinuous third band of teeth is situated between the second band of teeth and buccal tube opening and is divided into a dorsal and a ventral portion, both in the form of a single large tooth, resembling a beak (
Fig. 4A–B
). The ventral tooth resembles an isosceles trapezium standing on its longer base, with a ragged upper edge. The dorsal tooth is semicircular in shape, with a crescentshaped indentation in its middle (
Fig. 4 A–B
).
Fig. 1.
Richtersius tertius
sp. n.
habitus. A = adult, dorsoventral projection (holotype, PCM); B = hatchling, dorsoventral projection (PCM). Scale bars in μm
Fig. 2.
Richtersius tertius
sp. n.
pores. A = pores on the hatchling dorsal cuticle (PCM); B–E = pores on the hatchling dorsal cuticle (SEM). Scale bars in Μm
Table 3.
Measurements [in Μm] and
pt
values of selected morphological structures of hatchlings of
Richtersius tertius
sp. n.
(Specimens mounted in Hoyer’s medium; N = number of specimen/structures measured, Range refers to the smallest and the largest structure among all measured speci-
mens; SD = standard deviation).
| Character |
N |
Range Μm
pt
|
Mean Μm
pt
|
SD Μm
pt
|
| Body length |
6 |
433–505 |
738–922
|
474 |
834
|
27 |
81
|
| Buccal tube |
| Buccal tube length |
6 |
51.4–67.8 |
– |
57.3 |
–
|
7.6 |
–
|
| Stylet support insertion point |
5 |
34.4–46.3 |
66.8–68.3
|
39.1 |
67.7
|
6.1 |
0.7
|
| Buccal tube external width |
6 |
3.6–5.6 |
6.5–10.9
|
4.6 |
8.1
|
0.7 |
1.6
|
| Buccal tube internal width |
6 |
1.5–1.8 |
2.7–3.1
|
1.7 |
2.9
|
0.1 |
0.2
|
| Ventral lamina length |
5 |
21.5–32.1 |
41.8–47.3
|
26.2 |
45.2
|
5.0 |
2.3
|
| Placoid lengths |
| Macroplacoid 1 |
6 |
11.0–12.4 |
18.3–22.3
|
11.6 |
20.4
|
0.6 |
1.8
|
| Macroplacoid 2 |
6 |
5.1–6.9 |
9.9–13.2
|
6.5 |
11.4
|
0.7 |
1.6
|
| Macroplacoid row |
6 |
17.3–19.5 |
28.6–35.8
|
18.6 |
32.7
|
0.8 |
3.0
|
| Claw I heights |
| External base |
4 |
7.6–9.1 |
13.8–17.7
|
8.5 |
16.2
|
0.6 |
1.7
|
| External primary branch |
4 |
14.2–15.5 |
27.2–29.9
|
14.9 |
28.4
|
0.5 |
1.2
|
| External secondary branch |
4 |
10.7–11.8 |
20.6–22.1
|
11.2 |
21.3
|
0.5 |
0.6
|
| External base/primary branch (cct) |
4 |
50.7–64.1 |
– |
57.3 |
–
|
5.6 |
–
|
| Internal base |
5 |
7.2–8.7 |
11.0–15.2
|
7.8 |
13.7
|
0.6 |
1.8
|
| Internal primary branch |
5 |
12.9–16.8 |
22.4–28.7
|
14.6 |
25.5
|
1.5 |
2.3
|
| Internal secondary branch |
5 |
9.1–12.8 |
16.9–22.7
|
11.2 |
19.6
|
1.3 |
2.5
|
| Internal base/primary branch (cct) |
5 |
49.3–57.4 |
– |
53.5 |
–
|
3.2 |
–
|
| Claw II heights |
| External base |
6 |
8.0–9.3 |
12.1–16.9
|
8.6 |
15.2
|
0.5 |
1.9
|
| External primary branch |
6 |
14.1–16.6 |
21.3–32.0
|
15.2 |
26.9
|
1.0 |
3.8
|
| External secondary branch |
6 |
11.0–12.9 |
16.6–24.7
|
11.8 |
20.9
|
0.9 |
2.8
|
| External base/primary branch (cct) |
6 |
52.4–60.4 |
– |
56.7 |
–
|
3.0 |
– |
Table 3
(continued)
| Character |
N |
Range Μm
pt
|
Mean Μm
pt
|
SD Μm
pt
|
| Internal base |
6 |
7.5–8.3 |
11.1–16.0
|
7.8 |
13.7
|
0.3 |
1.9
|
| Internal primary branch |
6 |
13.2–14.4 |
20.4–27.8
|
14.0 |
24.7
|
0.5 |
3.1
|
| Internal secondary branch |
6 |
9.7–12.1 |
15.3–23.3
|
11.1 |
19.6
|
1.0 |
2.9
|
| Internal base/primary branch (cct) |
6 |
52.1–62.9 |
– |
55.7 |
–
|
4.2 |
–
|
| Claw III heights |
| External base |
5 |
8.0–9.7 |
14.0–17.6
|
9.0 |
16.3
|
0.7 |
1.5
|
| External primary branch |
5 |
14.6–16.9 |
24.9–31.6
|
15.6 |
28.3
|
1.0 |
2.4
|
| External secondary branch |
5 |
9.8–13.7 |
19.1–23.1
|
11.5 |
20.8
|
1.5 |
1.5
|
| External base/primary branch (cct) |
5 |
54.8–63.8 |
– |
57.8 |
–
|
3.8 |
–
|
| Internal base |
5 |
6.8–8.6 |
12.7–16.4
|
8.0 |
14.5
|
0.8 |
1.5
|
| Internal primary branch |
5 |
13.8–16.3 |
24.0–28.2
|
14.7 |
26.6
|
0.9 |
1.6
|
| Internal secondary branch |
5 |
9.4–13.6 |
18.3–21.0
|
10.9 |
19.7
|
1.7 |
1.2
|
| Internal base/primary branch (cct) |
5 |
49.3–59.0 |
– |
54.4 |
–
|
4.0 |
–
|
| Claw IV heights |
| Anterior base |
3 |
8.5–11.5 |
16.3–17.0
|
9.7 |
16.6
|
1.6 |
0.3
|
| Anterior primary branch |
3 |
18.4–21.0 |
31.0–37.1
|
19.5 |
33.8
|
1.3 |
3.1
|
| Anterior secondary branch |
3 |
13.0–15.6 |
23.0–25.4
|
13.9 |
24.0
|
1.5 |
1.3
|
| Anterior base/primary branch (cct) |
3 |
44.5–54.8 |
– |
49.4 |
–
|
5.1 |
–
|
| Posterior base |
5 |
7.7–10.8 |
15.0–15.9
|
8.6 |
15.4
|
1.3 |
0.4
|
| Posterior primary branch |
5 |
16.3–22.6 |
31.7–34.1
|
18.5 |
33.3
|
2.4 |
0.9
|
| Posterior secondary branch |
5 |
11.6–16.9 |
22.6–28.5
|
13.6 |
24.5
|
2.2 |
2.4
|
| Posterior base/primary branch (cct) |
5 |
44.5–47.9 |
–
|
46.3 |
–
|
1.5 |
–
|
| Number of teeth on external lunula III |
6 |
10–15 |
–
|
12 |
– |
2 |
– |
| Number of teeth on internal lunula III |
6 |
7–15 |
–
|
13 |
– |
3 |
– |
| Number of teeth on anterior lunula IV |
5 |
11–16 |
–
|
13 |
– |
2 |
– |
| Number of teeth on posterior lunula IV |
6 |
11–18 |
–
|
14 |
– |
2 |
– |
| Pore density |
6 |
3–6 |
–
|
5 |
– |
1 |
– |
| Pore size |
6 |
1.2–4.1 |
–
|
2.8 |
– |
0.6 |
– |
Buccal apparatus massive. The oral cavity is followed by a system of massive apophyses forming a buccal crown (
Fig. 5A–C
). Anteriorly, the system consists of dorso-lateral and ventro-lateral triangular apophyses (
Fig. 5A, C
). The dorsal and ventral apophyses, are composed of anteriorly positioned large cuticular hooks followed by longitudinal crests which in case of ventral apophyses might be homologous to the ventral lamina found in ordinary macrobiotids (
Fig. 5B
). The hook in the ventral apophyses is smaller than the dorsal hook (
Fig. 5B
). The buccal tube wall exhibits variable thickness, but the internal diameter of the buccal tube is almost uniformly narrow (
Fig. 5A
). From mouth opening to the stylet support insertion point, the thickens of the buccal tube wall increases only slightly before also slightly expanding to its greatest thickness beyond this point before then shrink posteriorly (
Fig. 5A
). Pharynx spherical, with bilobed apophyses, three anterior cuticular spikes (typically only two are visible in any given plane) and two granular macroplacoids (2<1). The first and the second macroplacoid with a faint constriction positioned centrally and subterminally, respectively (
Fig. 5A–E
).
Hatchlings (measurements and statistics in
Table 3
). Same as adults, except for small- er body size (
Fig. 1B
) and round pores (1.2–4.1 μm in diameter) with wavy edges, clearly visible both under PCM and SEM, scattered randomly on the entire body cuticle (
Figs 1B
,
2A–E
), with a PD range of 3–6.
Fig. 3.
Richtersius tertius
sp. n.
claws. A–B = claws II and IV (PCM); C–D = claws III and IV (SEM). Filled indented arrowheads indicate lateral expansions positioned posteriorly to the laminar stalk connecting the claw to the lunula, empty indented arrowheads indicate the double muscle attachments under the claws, empty flat arrowheads indicate the divided cuticular bar, filled flat arrowhead indicates the horseshoe structure connecting the
anterior and posterior claws. Scale bars in Μm
Table 4.
Measurements [in Μm] of the eggs of
Richtersius tertius
sp. n.
(eggs mounted in Hoyer’s medium; process base/height ratio is expressed as percentage; N = number of eggs/structures measured; Range refers to the smallest and the largest structure among all measured specimens; SD =
standard deviation).
| Character |
N |
Range |
Mean |
SD |
| Egg bare diameter |
30 |
117.4–155.3 |
139.2 |
7.9 |
| Egg full diameter |
30 |
149.8–188.2 |
165.9 |
10.1 |
| Process height |
90 |
13.7–27.4 |
20.0 |
2.9 |
| Process base width |
90 |
3.0–6.5 |
4.7 |
0.9 |
| Process base/height ratio (%) |
90 |
14–42 |
24 |
5 |
| Inter-process distance |
90 |
5.2–13.1 |
8.3 |
1.7 |
| Number of processes on the egg circumference |
30 |
32–44 |
38.0 |
3.5 |
Eggs (measurements and statistics in
Table 4
). Large, oval, light yellow, laid freely (
Figs 6A–B
,
7A
). The surface between processes is smooth but with refracting dots faintly visible only under PCM, but difficult to observe because of the amount of debris that is typically attached to the egg surface (
Figs 6C
,
7A–D
). Processes in the shape of elongated, thin, cones with a ragged surface (
Figs 6 D–E
,
7B–D
). Terminal portions of the egg processes are flexible, sometimes divided into two or three short filaments (
Figs 6D–E
,
7A–D
). Terminal discs or spatulas absent.
Reproduction – The new species is dioecious: both males with testes and females with ovaries were recorded within the examined population (
STEC
et al.
2020
a
).
Fig. 4.
Richtersius tertius
sp. n.
mouth opening with peribuccal structures and oral cavity armature of an adult (SEM). A = general view of the mouth opening; B = details of the oral cavity armature. Asterisk indicates the circular sensory field, filled arrow indicates the divided peribuccal velum/lamina, filled flat arrowheads indicate the first band of teeth, empty flat arrowheads indicate the teeth of the second band, dorsal and ventral teeth of
third band are marked with D and V, respectively. Scale bars in Μm
DNA sequences – The DNA sequences of four molecular markers (18S rRNA, 28S rRNA, ITS-2 and COI) associated with the species description have been previously published by
STEC
et al.
(2020
a
)
. The respective GenBank accession numbers are given in
Table 1
.
Fig. 5.
Richtersius tertius
sp. n.
buccal apparatus (PCM). A = dorsal projection of the entire buccal apparatus; B = later view of the buccal crown; C = ventral view of the buccal crown; D = stylet support insertion point of the buccal apparatus; E = macroplacoid morphology visible in ventral view. Filled arrows indicate the ventro-lateral triangular apophysis, filled indented arrowheads indicate dorsal spikes, empty indented arrowheads indicate constrictions in the macroplacoids, the empty arrow indicates the cuticular hook on the dorsal apophysis, the black filled arrow indicates the cuticular hook on the ventral apophysis, filled flat arrowheads indicate the second band of teeth in the oral cavity. Scale bars in Μm
Locality:
35°16’16’’N
,
23°57’41’’E
;
Greece
,
Crete
,
Chania
,
Omalos
; forest; moss and lichen from a tree in a forest; coll.
04.07.2015
by Małgorzata Mitan and Małgorzata Osielczak
.
Type depositories: The
holotype
(slide GR.008.15 with
4 paratypes
), as well as
162 paratypes
(slides: GR.008.*, where the asterisk can be substituted by any of the following numbers, 03–29;
SEM
stub: 19.12) and
73 eggs
(slides: GR.008.* 30–33;
SEM
stub: 19.12) are deposited at the
Institute of Zoology
and
Biomedical Research
,
Jagiellonian University
,
Gronostajowa
9, 30–387,
Kraków
,
Poland
whereas
51 paratypes
(slides: GR.008.*, where the asterisk can be substituted by any of the following numbers, 20–29) and
31 eggs
(slides: GR.008.* 34–37) are deposited at the
Institute of Systematics
and
Evolution of Animals
,
Polish Academy of Sciences
,
Sławkowska
17, 31016,
Kraków
,
Poland
.
Fig. 6.
Richtersius tertius
sp. n.
egg chorion morphology (PCM). A–B = egg midsection un- der 400× magnification; C = egg surface under 1000× magnification; D–E = egg processes midsection under 1000× magnification. Filled flat arrowheads indicate flexible terminal portion of the egg process, filled indented arrowheads indicate the refracting dots covering the egg surface between processes (in the majority of eggs this character is not visible as the
egg surface is often covered by dirt). Scale bars in Μm