The sea cucumbers of Camden Sound in northwest Australia, including four new species (Echinodermata: Holothuroidea)
Author
O’Loughlin, P. Mark
Author
Harding 1, Caroline
Author
Paulay, Gustav
text
Memoirs of Museum Victoria
2016
2016-12-31
75
7
52
journal article
10.24199/j.mmv.2016.75.02
1447-2554
urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:A7209365-ACCA-4E42-A11F-D211FF09EFD8
Thyone papuensis
Théel, 1886
Table 1
; appendix 1; figures 23, 24
Thyone fusus
var.
papuensis
Théel, 1886: 92
, pl. 7 fig. 1.
Thyone papuensis
H. L.
Clark, 1921: 167
.—
1932: 221
.—
1946: 399
.—
Clark & Rowe, 1971: 182
.—A. M.
Clark, 1982: 489
, 495, fig. 2.—
Cannon & Silver, 1986: 32
, fig.
9g
.—
Liao & Clark, 1995: 504
, fig. 306.—Rowe (in Rowe & Gates), 1995: 316.
Type
locality.
Torres Strait.
Material examined
.
Northwest
Western Australia
,
Kimberley Region
,
Camden Sound
,
WAMSI 1.1
.1, RV
Solander
, sled, site no LIN_6,
WAM
station no 16, barcode 10001097, from -
15.27505 S
124.36988 E
46 m
to -15.27543 S 124.36918 E 46 m,
18 Mar 2015
,
WAM
Z89057
(1)
;
RV
Solander
, sled, site no SOL_116a,
WAM
station no 18, barcode 10001259, from -
15.26142 S
124.27518 E
41 m
to -15.26172 S 124.27583 E 40 m,
18 Mar 2015
,
WAM
Z89058
(1)
;
RV
Solander
, sled, site no SOL_43,
WAM
station no 26, barcode 10002102, from
-15.488461
124.201824
46 m
to -15.488309 124.201113 46 m,
21 Mar 2015
,
WAM
Z89059
(1) (ring eviscerated and lost)
;
RV
Solander
, sled, site no SOL_77,
WAM
station no 34, barcode 10002542, from -
15.725854 S
124.166978
41 m
to
-15.726405 124.16756
41 m
,
23 Mar 2015
,
WAM
Z89060
(1).
North Kimberley Region
, near mouth of
King
George River
, RV
Solander
, Sled 06, lot number (barcode) 023319,
-13.8505
127.28868
45 m
,
6 June 2013
,
WAM
Z27863
(1)
(
UF
tissue lot
MOL
AF 1463
)
.
Description (Kimberley specimens; preserved in 95% ethanol)
. Body fusiform, narrow, with long tapers to narrow oral and anal ends, oral and anal ends may be slightly upturned, body (live) up to
35 mm
long, up to
17 mm
diameter; complete cover of small tube feet, diameters about
0.2 mm
, some in longitudinal series; 10 dendritic tentacles, two ventral small; calcareous ring tubular with long posterior prolongations comprising a mosaic of small pieces; inconspicuous anal scales present comprising thick single-layered plates with small perforation, multi-layered components, meshed rods component; single polian vesicle; gonad tubules not branched.
Figure 21. Photo of live specimen of
Hemithyone semperi
(
Bell, 1884
)
(WAM Z89055).
Mid-body ossicles scattered small tables with a spire of two pillars, discs with predominantly four perforations in smaller specimens, two larger central, two smaller distal, many discs in larger specimens with four or more smaller additional perforations, disc lengths commonly 50–55 µm, spire heights 23 µm, spires of two pillars, single apical bridge, apex of spire with two short pillar ends, each with a few blunt spines, spines sometimes with additional secondary spinelet. Tube feet endplates
Thyone
-like with small central perforations, outer ring of large perforations, marginal rim of small transversely oval perforation, endplates up to 110 µm diameter; support tables in tube feet with elongate, curved discs up to about 120 µm long, four central perforations, single small perforation distally; spires with two pillars, joined apically with few blunt apical spines. Peri-anal body wall with single and multi-layered scale ossicles, tables with multiperforate discs, tube foot support tables differing from mid-body. Tentacles and introvert with fine rods, tables and rosettes; largest rods with bifurcate ends, rods up to 90 µm long; table discs with many perforations, up to about 20; rosettes typically oval, about 30 µm long; rods and rosettes inter-grade in form.
Live colour pale brown to yellow with irregular red to brown patches on body and some tube feet; preserved colour off-white with red-brown to brown patches on body and some tube feet.
Distribution
. North
Western Australia
, Kimberley Region, Camden Sound and King George River region,
40–46 m
(this work); Houtman Abrolhos, WA, to Double Island Point,
Queensland
,
0–60 m
(
Rowe & Gates 1995
).
Figure 22. Photo of live specimen of
Stolus canescens
(
Semper, 1867
)
(WAM Z89056).
Figure 23. Photos of specimens judged to be
Thyone papuensis
Théel, 1886
. a, lateral view of live specimen (WAM Z89060); b, calcareous ring of the same specimen preserved; c, lateral view of live specimen (WAM Z89058); d, calcareous ring of same specimen preserved (ring is relatively very small and is probably regenerating).
Figure 24. Photos of ossicles from
Thyone papuensis
Théel, 1886
specimens (WAM Z89057, WAM Z89058, WAM Z89059). a, from tentacle and introvert, fine rods (up to 90 µm long), rosettes (frequently about 30 µm long), table with multi-perforate disc and two spires; b, from midbody wall and tube foot, table discs (frequently 50–55 µm long) and spires (about 23 µm high), endplate (up to 110 µm diameter), endplate support tables with single distal disc perforations (curved discs up to about 120 µm long); c, from peri-anal body wall, table with multi-perforate disc 56 µm across, tube foot support tables differing from body wall, upper one 80 µm between distal ends, lower left one 120 µm long; d, from peri-anal body wall, single and multi-layered fragments of scale ossicle.
Family
Thyonidiidae
Heding & Panning, 1954
(
sensu
Smirnov 2012
)
Remarks
. See
O’Loughlin, Mackenzie & VandenSpiegel, 2014
.