Morphology and phylogenetic analysis of five deep-sea golden gorgonians (Cnidaria, Octocorallia, Chrysogorgiidae) in the Western Pacific Ocean, with the description of a new species
Author
Xu, Yu
Laboratory of Marine Organism Taxonomy and Phylogeny, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China & University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
Author
Zhan, Zifeng
Laboratory of Marine Organism Taxonomy and Phylogeny, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China & Laboratory for Marine Biology and Biotechnology, Pilot National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology (Qingdao), Qingdao 266237, China
Author
Xu, Kuidong
Laboratory of Marine Organism Taxonomy and Phylogeny, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China & Laboratory for Marine Biology and Biotechnology, Pilot National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology (Qingdao), Qingdao 266237, China & Center for Ocean Mega-Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China & University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
kxu@qdio.ac.cn
text
ZooKeys
2020
989
1
37
http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.989.53104
journal article
http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.989.53104
1313-2970-989-1
8957A11D00984990B073A1999A8AFBC6
0185198E253B50C4BAB71B6BBF0305AB
Genus
Pseudochrysogorgia Pante & France, 2010
Diagnosis
(based on
Pante and France 2010
).
Main stem monopodial or slightly zigzagging with branches subdivided dichotomously in multiple planes, forming a bottlebrush-shaped colony. Most polyps leaning distad and neck narrower than head. Sclerites slightly ornamented, in the form of plates, scales and rods. When polyp not leaning distad, sclerites arranged obliquely on the polyp body. When polyps leaning distad, sclerites mostly arranged longitudinally (parallel to branch) on the polyp body, placed obliquely in the area of neck, and arranged longitudinally on head and along the back of tentacles. Scales and plates in branch coenenchyme mostly parallel to main branch axis.
Type species.
Pseudochrysogorgia bellona
Pante & France, 2010.
Distribution.
Southwest Pacific (Coral Sea and northeast of New Zealand), 800-1462 m depth (
Pante and France 2010
,
Pante et al. 2012
).
Figure 15.
External morphology and polyps of
Metallogorgia macrospina
MBM286488
A
the colony
in situ
. Laser dots spaced at 33 cm used for scale
B
close-up of branches
in situ
C
the colony after collection
D
a branch under a light microscope
E, F
a single polyp under a light microscope
G
three polyps under SEM
H
head of one polyp under SEM
I
coenenchyme under SEM. Scale bars: 10 cm (
C
); 2 mm (
D
), and 500
μm
(
E-I; H, I
at the same scale).
Figure 16.
Sclerites of
Metallogorgia macrospina
MBM286488
A
rods in tentacles
B
rods in the polyp-body wall
C
rods and elongated scales in coenenchyme. Scale bar: 200
μm
(all images at the same scale).
Figure 17.
External morphology and polyps of
Metallogorgia macrospina
MBM286489
A
the colony
in situ
. Laser dots spaced at 33 cm used for scale
B
the colony after collection
C
a branch under a light microscope
D
a terminal branchlet under a light microscope
E, F
a single polyp under a light microscope
G
three polyps under SEM
H
head of one polyp under SEM
I
coenenchyme under SEM. Scale bars: 10 cm (
B
), 2 mm (
C
), and 500
μm
(
D-I; H, I
at the same scale).
Figure 18.
Sclerites of
Metallogorgia macrospina
MBM286489
A
rods in tentacles
B
rods in the polyp-body wall
C
rods and elongated scales in coenenchyme. Scale bar: 300
μm
(all at the same scale).