The squat lobster genus Phylladiorhynchus Baba, 1969 in New Zealand and eastern Australia, with description of six new species Author Schnabel, Kareen E. Author Ahyong, Shane T. text Zootaxa 2019 2019-10-23 4688 3 301 347 journal article 25166 10.11646/zootaxa.4688.3.1 5644b1e6-649e-4bdb-9c2f-9547055eeb6f 1175-5326 3516745 DC8D545C-9F75-4A4E-B6DD-22A547694B27 Phylladiorhynchus nui n. sp. ( Figs. 3 , 8 , 9 , 15B ) Phylladiorhynchus pusillus .— Haig, 1973: 282 (S of Cape Everard ( Victoria ), S and SW of Mt Cann ( Victoria ), and off St. Helens Point, Tasmania , 110–183 m ). Phylladiorhynchus cf. pusillus .— Ahyong, 2007: 42 , fig. 20B, 22. Phylladiorhynchus sp. 1.— Rowden et al ., 2010 : tab. 3. Type material. HOLOTYPE : NIWA 33657 , male ( 6.9 mm ), Stn. TAN0705 /10, 44.129–44.120°S , 174.845– 174.842°E , 513–517 m , 03 Apr 2007 . PARATYPES : NIWA 33682 , 2 males (5.9, 7.7mm ), 1 female ( 7.4 mm ), Stn. TAN0705 /166, 42.999 – 42.992°S , 177.600– 177.594°W , 520–525 m , 17 Apr 2007 . NIWA 42691 , 1 male ( 6.8 mm ), 1 female ( 4.9 mm ), Stn. TAN0705 /181, 44.068 – 44.064°S , 178.549– 178.540°W , 451–452 m , 18 Apr 2007 . NIWA 42692 , 3 males (5.0, 6.6, 7.0 mm), 1 female ( 7.4 mm ), Stn. TAN0705 /185, 43.629 – 43.632°S , 178.611– 178.611°W , 420–426 m , 18 Apr 2007 . NIWA 33658 , 1 male ( 5.9 mm ), Stn. TAN0705 /24, 44.121 – 44.124°S , 174.843– 174.845°E , 512–513 m , 04 Apr 2007 . Other material. Norfolk Ridge : NIWA 28065 , 1 female ( 5.1 mm ), NORFANZ Stn. TAN 0308/126, South Norfolk Ridge , 33.390 – 33.396°S , 170.193– 170.203°E , 490–526 m , 31 May 2003 . Northland Plateau : NIWA 10919 , 1 female ( 4.9 mm ) , NZOI Stn. F925, 34.087°S , 172.800°E , 503 m , 14 Oct 1968 . NIWA 3599 , 1 male ( 5.5 mm ), 1 female ( 4.7 mm ), Stn. KAH 0204/40, West Cavalli Seamount , 34.164°S , 173.964°E , 820– 805 m , 18 Apr 2002 . NIWA 10146 , 1 male ( 4.7 mm ) , NZOI Stn. I 368, 34.213°S , 173.022°E , 452–460 m , 23 Nov 1977 . NIWA 21231 , 1 male ( 4.5 mm ), 2 females ov. (3.5, 3.8 mm ) , NZOI Stn. I 348, 34.537°S , 173.633°E , 349 m , 17 Nov 1977 . NIWA 21291 , 1 male ( 3.7 mm ), 1 female (4.0 mm) , NZOI Stn. E875, 34.650°S , 172.117°E , 489 m , 21 Mar 1968 . NIWA 10921 , 1 female ( 7.1 mm ) , NZOI Stn. I 351, 34.677°S , 173.842°E , no depth information, 19 Nov 1977 . NIWA 10116 , 2 males (4.6, 5.0 mm), 3 females (4.1, 4.6, 6.0 mm) , NZOI Stn. I 366, 34.705 S° , 174.293°E , 705 m , 20 Nov 1977 . NIWA 10132 , 1 female ( 7.7 mm ) , NZOI Stn. I 353, 34.757°S , 174.068°E , 530 m , 19 Nov 1977 . NIWA 10148 , 1 male ( 5.7 mm ), 1 female ( 4.5 mm ) , NZOI Stn. I 364, 34.767°S , 174.097°E , 492 m , 20 Nov 1977 . NIWA 21244 , 2 males (3.3, 5.2 mm ), 1 female ov. ( 5.7 mm ) , NZOI Stn. I 365, 34.797°S , 174.107°E , 436 m , 20 Nov 1977 . NIWA 21167 , 1 male ( 3.6 mm ) , NZOI Stn. I 34, 35°S , 175.217°E , 575 m , 07 May 1975 . NIWA 21264 , 1 female ( 5.6 mm ) , NZOI Stn. I 36 , 35.003°S , 174.820°E , 625 m , 07 May 1975 . NIWA 21194 , 1 male ( 6.6 mm ), 3 females (4.8, 5.7, 5.9 mm ) , NZOI Stn. I 37 , 35.010°S , 174.668°E , 560 m , 8 May 1975 . NIWA 10077 , 10 males (3.6–5.0 mm), 1 female ov. ( 4.7 mm ), 4 females (3.1–5.0 mm) , NZOI Stn. P 66, 35.063°S , 172.377°E , 435 m , 07 Feb 1977 . NIWA 21156 , 2 males (6.1, 6.5 mm ), 3 females (3.5, 4.5, 5.6 mm ) , NZOI Stn. P 65, 35.083°S , 172.443°E , 302 m , 07 Feb 1977 . NIWA 21169 , 3 males (5.2, 5.7, 8.6 mm ), 2 females (4.9, 5.5 mm ) , NZOI Stn. I 25 , 35.185°S , 175.102°E , 675 m , 06 May 1975 . NIWA 21288 , 1 male ( 5.1 mm ), 3 females (2.5, 5.2, 5.8 mm ) , NZOI Stn. E879, 35.317°S , 172.417°E , 768 m , 22 Mar 1968 . NIWA 21262 , 1 female ( 4.5 mm ) , NZOI Stn. I 11 , 35.598°S , 175.213°E , 308 m , 04 May 1975 . NIWA 21249 , 1 female ( 4.2 mm ) , NZOI Stn. I 6 , 35.797°S , 175.610°E , 257 m , 03 May 1975 . NIWA 21225 , 1 male ( 5.6 mm ) , NZOI Stn. I 7 , 35.797°S , 175.835°E , 367 m , 03 May 1975 . NIWA 9794 , 1 female ( 8.5 mm ), Stn. KAH9801 /33, 36.776°S , 176.276°E , 465 m , 23 Jan 1998 . NIWA 21216 , 1 female ( 4.5 mm ) , NZOI Stn. E889, 36.80°S , 173.667°E , 727 m , 23 Mar 1968 . NIWA 9795 , 1 male ( 4.7 mm ), 1 female ov. ( 4.9 mm ), Stn. Z9230, 36.885°S , 177.367°E , 787 m , 15 Aug 1998 . Bay of Plenty : NIWA 9796 , 1 male (3.0 mm), 1 female ov. ( 4.5 mm ), Stn. Z 9224, 37.134°S , 177.285°E , 648 m , 13 Aug 1998 . NIWA 10203 , 1 male (carapace broken), Stn. TAN0413 /138, Mahina Seamount , 37.316–37.312°S , 177.0748–177.0745°E , 495– 466 m , 14 Nov 2004 . NIWA 82442 , 1 female ( 8.6 mm ), Stn. TAN1206 /53, 37.504– 37.501°S , 177.619–177.614°E , 696– 689 m , 20 Apr 2012 . Challenger Plateau and central western New Zealand : NIWA 33723 , 1 male ( 3.6 mm ), Stn. TAN0707/84, 38.208–38.200°S , 168.585–168.582°E , 512–526 m , 03 Jun 2007 . NHMUK 1907.7.16.5–9, 9 males (3.7–6.0 mm), 3 females ov. (5.5, 7.5, 9.0 mm), 8 females (4.0– 7.3 mm ), 38.217°S , 168.708°E , 380 fathoms ( 695 m ), presented by F. Wood James Esq . NIWA 21279 , 1 male ( 6.2 mm ) , NZOI Stn. E906, 38.650°S , 172.633°E , 691 m , 28 Mar 1968 . NIWA 10906 , 1 male (4.0 mm) , NZOI Stn. J28, 38.833°S , 169.650°E , 548 m , 16 Apr 1970 . NIWA 21242 , 1 female ov. (4.0 mm) , NZOI Stn. D226, 39.900°S , 168.667°E , 823 m , 27 Sep 1964 . NIWA 21188 , 2 females ov. (4.0, 5.7 mm ) , NZOI Stn. V426B, 41.667°S , 170.663°E , 327 m , 10 Sep 1992 . Hikurangi Margin : NIWA 21179 , 1 female ( 6.8 mm ) , NZOI Stn. E719, 38.767°S , 178.800°E , 913 m , 23 Mar 1967 . NIWA 29287 , 1 male ( 6.5 mm ), Stn . TAN0616 /18, 39.541–39.547°S , 178.332–178.333°E , 775–810 m , 05 Nov 2006 . NIWA 29289 , 1 male (5.0 mm), 2 females ov. (4.0, 5.6 mm ), Stn . TAN0616 /21, 39.543–39.544°S , 178.336–178.328°E , 815– 812 m , 05 Nov 2006 . NIWA 29291 , 1 female ov. (6.0 mm), 1 female ( 5.6 mm ), Stn . TAN0616 /38, 39.543–39.544°S , 178.337–178.327°E , 815–819 m , 06 Nov 2006 . NIWA 29292 , 1 male ( 4.9 mm ), Stn . TAN0616 /38, 39.543–39.544°S , 178.337–178.327°E , 815–819 m , 06 Nov 2006 . NIWA 29293 , 1 female ov. ( 3.5 mm ), Stn . TAN0616 /38, 39.543–39.544°S , 178.337–178.327°E , 815–819 m , 06 Nov 2006 . NIWA 29290 , 1 male ( 5.6 mm ), 1 female ov. ( 6.5 mm ), 1 female ( 4.5 mm ), Stn . TAN0616 /30, 39.545–39.550°S , 178.331–178.332°E , 790–815 m , 06 Nov 2006 . NIWA 29286 , 1 male ( 5.5 mm ), Stn . TAN0616 /12, 40.040–40.044°S , 178.145–178.148°E , 749–787 m , 04 Nov 2006 . NIWA 21274 , 1 male ( 3.1 mm ) , NZOI Stn. F719, 40.233°S , 177.217°E , 604 m , 06 Dec 1965 . NIWA 63021 , 1 male (broken carapace), Stn . TAN1004 /2, slope site, 41.671–41.665°S , 175.625–175.645°E , 640– 635 m , 15 Apr 2010 . NIWA 21220 , 4 males ( 3.9–5.2 mm ), 1 female ov. ( 4.3 mm ), 2 females (4.6, 5.9 mm ) , NZOI Stn. E752, 41.678°S , 175.257°E , 618 m , 30 Mar 1967 . NIWA 64164 , 1 female ( 6.4 mm ), Stn . TAN1004 /120, slope site, 41.985–41.982°S , 174.699–174.692°E , 730– 685 m , 26 Apr 2010 . NIWA 63603 , 2 females (5.5, 7.7 mm ), Stn . TAN1004 /57, canyon site, 41.410–41.414°S , 175.898–175.897°E , 614–670 m , 20 Apr 2010 . NIWA 63876 , 2 males (5.9, 6.6 mm ), Stn . TAN1004 /91, canyon site, 41.895–41.888°S , 174.633–174.634°E , 740– 620 m , 24 Apr 2010 . NIWA 69777 , 1 male ( 4.8 mm ), Stn . TAN1004 /66, seamount site, 41.319–41.321°S , 176.197–176.192°E , 495 m , 21 Apr 2010 . NIWA 63980 , 1 female (broken carapace), Stn . TAN1004 /110, seamount site, 42.127–42.12°S , 174.579– 74.585°E , 1280– 1246 m , 25 Apr 2010 . Cook Strait : NIWA 21192 , 1 female ( 6.6 mm ) , NZOI Stn. E755, 42.008°S , 174.423°E , 247 m , 30 Mar 1967 . NIWA 21183 , 1 male (4.0 mm) , NZOI Stn. E757, 42.053°S , 174.453°E , 1081 m , 30 Mar 1967 . Southwestern New Zealand (off Hokitika) : NIWA21199 , 1 male ( 4.8 mm ) , NZOI Stn. S 894, 42.517°S , 170.335°E , 530 m , 19 Jul 1991 . NIWA 10913 , 1 female ov. ( 4.1 mm ), 1 female ( 3.9 mm ) , NZOI Stn. V423, 42.559°S , 170.430°E , 522 m , 09 Sep 1992 . NIWA 21227 , 1 male ( 6.2 mm ), 1 female ( 5.2 mm ) , NZOI Stn. V423, 42.559°S , 170.430°E , 522 m , 09 Sep 1992 . NIWA 10891 , 1 female ov. ( 8.6 mm ), 2 females (5.0, 5.1 mm ) , NZOI Stn. V424, 42.567°S , 170.332°E , 600 m , 09 Sep 1992 . NIWA 10889 , 1 female ( 4.2 mm ) , NZOI Stn. V417, 42.571°S , 170.422°E , 670 m , 06 Sep 1992 . North Canterbury region and Chatham Rise : NIWA 10128 , 1 female ( 5.6 mm ) , NZOI Stn. C 686, Kaikoura Canyon , 42.542°S , 173.752°E , 820 m , 17 Jun 1961 . NIWA 21243 , 1 female ov. ( 4.5 mm ) , NZOI Stn. V370, 42.712°S , 178.996°W , 1022 m , 12 Sep 1989 . NIWA 21217 , 1 male ( 4.9 mm ), 1 female ( 4.5 mm ) , NZOI Stn. S 212, Kaikoura Canyon , 42.740°S , 173.615°E , 320 m , 04 Nov 1979 . NIWA 43331 , 1 male ( 6.2 mm ), Stn. TAN 0104/399, Z10743 , Morgue Seamount , 42.720–42.722°S , 179.960–179.961°W , 1012– 890 m , 21 Apr 2001 . NIWA 43330 , 1 male ( 3.5 mm ), Stn. TAN 0104/43, Z10693 , Graveyard Seamount , 42.763–42.764°S , 179.988–179.986°W , 1064– 750 m , 16 Apr 2001 . NIWA 43336 , 2 females (3.2, 5.7 mm ), Stn. TAN 0104/43, Z10693 , Graveyard Seamount , 42.763– 42.764°S , 179.988–179.986°W , 1064– 750 m , 16 Apr 2001 . NIWA 43335 , 3 males (3.2, 3.5, 5.0 mm), 2 females (3.0, 4.5 mm ), Stn. TAN 0104/289, Graveyard Seamount , 42.765–42.768°S, 179.986–179.983°W , 800– 757 m , 19 Apr 2001 . NIWA 29543 , 29 May 2006 , 1 male ( 5.3 mm ), Stn. TAN 0604/16, Graveyard Hill , 42.765–42.771°S , 179.988–179.985°W , 993–1090 m . NIWA 43333 , 1 male ( 5.5 mm ), Stn. TAN 0104/2, Z10690 , Graveyard Seamount , 42.766–42.769°S , 179.99 °W , 875– 757 m , 15 Apr 2001 . NIWA 43334 , 1 male ( 6.7 mm ), 2 females (6.5, 7.0 mm), Stn. TAN 0104/48, TAN 0104/48, Diabolical Seamount , 42.786°S , 179.985°W , 993– 900 m , 16 Apr 2001 . NIWA 21272 , 2 males (3.4, 4.0 mm), 1 female ov. ( 6.3 mm ) , NZOI Stn. V369, 42.831°S , 178.992°E , 1048 m , 11 Sep 1989 . NIWA 53402 , 1 male ( 4.5 mm ), Stn. TAN 0905/66, Casket Seamount , 42.834–42.836°S , 179.987–179.986°W , 795– 850 m , 22 Jun 2009 . NIWA 24566 , 1 male (6.0 mm), Stn. TAN1208 /35, 42.911–42.916°S , 179.962–179.961°W , 758– 751 m , 19 Jun 2012 . NIWA 19422 , 2 males (5.0, 5.5 mm ), 3 females ov. (5.5, 6.3, 6.3 mm ), 1 female ( 6.7 mm ) , NZOI Stn. S 201, Canterbury shelf, 42.943°S , 173.650°E , 340 m , 01 Nov 1979 . NIWA 33681 , 1 female ( 2.2 mm ), Stn. TAN0705 /166, 42.999–42.992°S , 177.60–177.594°W , 520–525 m , 17 Apr 2007 . NIWA 21267 , 2 males (5.0, 6.5 mm ), 1 female ( 5.2 mm ) , NZOI Stn. V371, 43.002°S , 179.000°W , 546 m , 12 Sep 1989 . NIWA 78081 , 1 female ov. ( 6.5 mm ), Stn. TAN1116 /1, 43.004–43.005°S , 175.048–175.045°E , 440–441 m , 03 Nov 2011 . NIWA 21233 , 1 female ov. ( 5.7 mm ) , NZOI Stn. A 910, 43.0667°S , 178.65°W , 549 m , 13 Sep 1963 . NIWA 21281 , 1 female ov. (3.0 mm) , NZOI Stn. A 910, 43.067°S , 178.65°W , 549 m , 13 Sep 1963 . NIWA 24567 , 2 males (5.0, 5.7 mm ), 2 females (4.2, 6.0 mm), Stn. TAN 1208/37, 43.154–43.152°S , 179.700–179.694°W , 524– 523 m , 19 Jun 2012 . NIWA 24569 , 3 males (5.3, 6.1, 6.7 mm ), Stn. TAN1208 /38, 43.165–43.166°S , 179.468–179.461°W , 522–523 m , 19 Jun 2012 . NIWA 24568 , 1 female ( 6.8 mm ), Stn. TAN1208 /36, 43.202–43.208°S , 179.841–179.840°W , 518– 516 m , 19 Jun 2012 . NIWA 21222 , 1 female ov. ( 3.4 mm ) , NZOI Stn. V367, 43.248°S , 179.000°W , 467 m , 08 Sep 1989 . NIWA 11053 , 1 male ( 7.3 mm ) , NZOI Stn. A 759B, 43.267°S , 176.183°E , 348 m , 21 Nov 1962 . NIWA 19423 , 1 male ( 6.8 mm ), 3 female ov. (4.5, 4.8, 8.0 mm) , NZOI Stn. S 186, Pegasus Canyon , 43.275°S , 173.593°E , 450 m , 31 Oct 1979 . NIWA 127208 , 1 male ( 7.3 mm ) , RV Sonne Stn. SO 254/77 ROV14 , Pegasus Canyon slope, off Christchurch shelf, 43.29°S , 173.607°E , 851 m , 20 Feb 2017 . NIWA 21246 , 2 females ov. (4.5, 5.6 mm ) , NZOI Stn. V389, 43.334°S , 176.997°E , 237 m , 16 Sep 1989 . NIWA 21266 , 1 male ( 6.6 mm ), 1 female ov. ( 4.4 mm ), 3 females (3.5, 5.2, 7.2 mm ) , NZOI Stn. V372, 43.335°S , 178.981°E , 418 m , 13 Sep 1989 . NIWA 10653 , 4 males (5.8–8.0 mm) , NZOI Stn. W257, 43.375°S , 179°E , 400– 390 m , 18 Sep 1993 . NIWA 21283 , 1 male ( 4.1 mm ) , NZOI Stn. A 908, 43.455°S , 179.050°W , 459 m , 13 Sep 1963 . NIWA 21157 , 22 specimens (not measured) , NZOI Stn. V366, 43.498°S , 178.995°W , 499 m , 08 Sep 1989 . NIWA 21185 , 1 female ov. (8.0 mm), 1 female ( 6.9 mm ) , NZOI Stn. E434, 43.5°S , 174.5°E , 556 m , 18 Oct 1965 . NIWA 21172 , 3 females ov. (3.7, 4.0, 6.1 mm ), 3 females (4.4, 4.7, 7.0 mm) , NZOI Stn. V361, 43.506°S , 178.648°E , 340 m , 06 Sep 1989 . NIWA 19424 , 1 female ov. (8.0 mm), 1 female ( 5.8 mm ) , NZOI Stn. S 121, 43.510°S , 175.968°E , 335 m , 20 Oct 1979 . NIWA 19421 , 1 female ov. ( 8.1 mm ), 1 female (8.0 mm) , NZOI Stn. S 124, 43.512°S , 175.998°E , 363 m , 20 Oct 1979 . NIWA 117997 , 5 males ( 3.5–4.9 mm ), 6 females (3.0– 4.2 mm ), Stn. TAN 0705/179, 43.520–43.522°S , 178.619–178.622°W , 423–425 m , 18 Apr 2007 . NIWA 26458 , 1 male ( 5.4 mm ), Stn. TAN 0604/110, Main Knoll , central Chatham Rise , 43.531–43.528°S , 179.629–179.633°E , 378–390 m , 07 Jun 2006 . NIWA 26451 , 1 male (6.0 mm), 2 females (5.6, 6.0 mm), Stn. TAN 0604/110, Main Knoll , central Chatham Rise , 43.531–43.528°S , 179.629–179.633°E , 378–390 m , 07 Jun 2006 . NIWA 26450 , 3 males (5.0, 6.8, 7.0 mm), Stn. TAN 0604/108, Main Knoll , central Chatham Rise , 43.533–43.535°S , 179.628–179.626°E , 375– 381 m , 06 Jun 2006 . NIWA 21273 , 1 male (3.0 mm) , NZOI Stn. G 247, 43.533°S , 179.567°E , 399 m , 22 Jan 1968 . NIWA 21221 , 1 female ( 4.2 mm ) , NZOI Stn. G 365, 43.55°S , 178.533°W , 228 m , 03 Feb 1968 . NIWA 21219 , 1 female (6.0 mm) , NZOI Stn. G 259A, 43.55°S , 179.367°E , 410 m , 23 Jan 1968 . NIWA 21190 , 1 male ( 4.3 mm ) , NZOI Stn. S 126, 43.557°S , 175.977°E , 322 m , 20 Oct 1979 . NIWA 21189 , 1 male ( 8.2 mm ) , NZOI Stn. S 130, 43.567°S , 175.962°E , 335 m , 21 Oct 1979 . NIWA 21284 , 1 female ov. (7.0 mm), 2 females (4.7, 5.3 mm ) , NZOI Stn. V388, 43.581°S , 176.999°E , 331 m , 16 Sep 1989 . NIWA 11042 , 1 male ( 6.2 mm ), 1 female ov. ( 4.9 mm ), 1 female (6.0 mm) , NZOI Stn. S 127, 43.59°S , 175.955°E , 322 m , 20 Oct 1979 . NIWA 21293 , 1 female (6.0 mm) , NZOI Stn. A 913, 43.617°S , 178.192°W , 402 m , 14 Sep 1963 . NIWA 10986 , 2 males (4.9, 7.7 mm ), 2 females ov. (5.0, 6.0 mm) , NZOI Stn. W252, 43.628°S , 178.997°E , 400–428 m , 15 Sep 1993 . NIWA 117995 , 1 male ( 5.9 mm ), 3 females (5.0– 7.1 mm ), Stn. TAN 0705/185, 43.629–43.632°S , 178.611–178.611°W , 420–426 m , 18 Apr 2007 . NIWA 21196 , 1 male ( 6.5 mm ), 1 female ov. ( 6.8 mm ) , NZOI Stn. V373, 43.647°S , 179.001°E , 392 m , 13 Sep 1989 . NIWA 21193 , 1 female ( 2.9 mm ) , NZOI Stn. G 335A, 43.65°S , 178.933°W , 402 m , 02 Feb 1968 . NIWA 19428 , 49 specimens (not measured) , NZOI Stn. G 293, 43.667°S , 179.467°E , 421 m , 25 Jan 1968 . NIWA 21292 , 2 males (5.4, 8.2 mm ) , NZOI Stn. G 292, 43.700°S , 179.800°E , 454 m , 25 Jan 1968 . NIWA 21195 , 1 female ( 6.6 mm ) , NZOI Stn. Q4A, 43.703°S , 179.912°W , 398 m , 12 Mar 1978 . NIWA 21200 , 1 female ov. ( 8.5 mm ) , NZOI Stn. E433, 43.717°S , 174.5°E , 571 m , 18 Oct 1965 . NIWA 21218 , 1 male ( 6.6 mm ) , NZOI Stn. Q10, 43.718°S , 179.335°W , 395 m , 15 Mar 1978 . NIWA 24956 , 1 male ( 5.3 mm ), 1 female ( 5.5 mm ) , NZOI Stn. TAN0801 /66, 43.728°S , 176.577°E , 430–439 m , 11 Jan 2008 . NIWA 10881 , 1 male ( 6.5 mm ) , NZOI Stn. D 119, 43.75°S , 178.667°E , 492 m , 11 Oct 1963 . NIWA 21226 , 1 male ( 6.7 mm ) , NZOI Stn. G 353A, 43.783°S , 178.633°W , 468 m , 03 Feb 1968 . NIWA 21191 , 1 male ( 3.8 mm ) , NZOI Stn. V387, 43.827°S , 176.997°E 498 m , 16 Sep 1989 . NIWA 21240 , 1 female (5.0 mm) , NZOI Stn. D 909, 43.833°S , 179.717°W , 400 m , 31 Mar 1969 . NIWA 21277 , 1 female ( 5.2 mm ) , NZOI Stn. D 90, 43.833°S , 179°W , 399 m , 17 May 1963 . NIWA 35100 , 1 male (9.0 mm), Stn. TAN0705 /42, 43.840–43.843°S , 176.707–176.705°E , 479– 479 m , 06 Apr 2007 . NIWA 33692 , 3 males (4.0, 4.5, 6.0 mm), 3 females ( 4.5–8.5 mm ), Stn. TAN 0705/183, 43.841–43.844°S , 178.590–178.593°W , 460–462 m , 18 Apr 2007 . NIWA 21224 , 1 female ( 7.8 mm ), Stn. TAN9901 /50, 43.849°S , 179.829°E , 439 m , 13 Jan 1999 . NIWA 21152 , 1 male ( 5.9 mm ), 1 female ( 5.6 mm ) , NZOI Stn. J 59, 43.850°S , 179.417°E , 309 m , 20 May 1970 . NIWA 21186 , 1 female ov. ( 5.3 mm ), 1 female ( 5.1 mm ) , NZOI Stn. V374, 43.861°S , 178.985°E 470 m , 13 Sep 1989 . NIWA 21158 , 1 male ( 4.8 mm ) , NZOI Stn. S 177, 43.890°S , 173.903°E , 400 m , 30 Oct 1979 . NIWA 21287 , 1 male ( 6.5 mm ) , NZOI Stn. G 200, 43.900°S , 179.733°W , 395 m , 19 Jan 1968 . NIWA 19425 , 1 male ( 6.5 mm ), 1 female ( 5.5 mm ) , NZOI Stn. D 904, 43.975°S , 178.667°W , 459 m , 30 Mar 1969 . NIWA 19420 , 1 male ( 4.4 mm ) , NZOI Stn. S 173, 43.990°S , 174.033°E , 486 m , 30 Oct 1979 . NIWA 21182 , 1 male ( 7.5 mm ) , NZOI Stn. A 914, 44.067°S , 178.192°W , 455 m , 15 Sep 1963 . NIWA 33687 , 3 males (4.5, 4.6, 8.2 mm ), 2 females (4.5, 6.8 mm ), Stn. TAN 0705/181, 44.068–44.064°S , 178.549–178.540°W , 451–452 m , 18 Apr 2007 . NIWA 21223 , 1 female ( 7.6 mm ) , NZOI Stn. G 0239, 44.100°S , 179.000°W , 417 m , 01 Feb 1968 . NIWA 21198 , 1 male ( 7.3 mm ) , NZOI Stn. D 905, 44.133°S , 178.767°W , 607 m , 30 Mar 1969 . NIWA 54020 , 2 males (7.0, 7.4 mm ), 1 female ov. ( 4.5 mm ), Stn. TAN 0905/112, Diamondhead Peak A , Andes seamounts, 44.143– 44.147°S , 174.725–174.725°W , 760–821 m , 27 Jun 2009 . NIWA 69775 , 1 female ( 5.2 mm ), Stn. TAN 0905/112, Diamondhead Peak A , Andes seamounts, 44.143–44.147°S , 174.725–174.725°W , 760–821 m , 27 Jun 2009 . NIWA 53605 , 15 specimens (not measured), Stn. TAN 0905/97, Diamond Head Seamount , 44.147–44.148°S , 174.69– 174.695°W , 440–600 m , 26 Jun 2009 . NIWA 53956 , 6 males (6.8–8.0 mm), 1 female ov. ( 6.7 mm ), 6 females (4.0– 7.5 mm ), Stn. TAN 0905/111, Diamondhead Peak C , Andes seamounts, 44.148–44.15°S , 174.691–174.694°W , 458–648 m , 27 Jun 2009 . AWMM MA125790 (ex NIWA 54082 ), 3 males (4.3, 5.2, 8.0 mm), 1 female ( 6.6 mm ), Stn. TAN 0905/113, Diamondhead Peak B , Andes seamounts, 44.150–44.150°S , 174.757–174.761°W , 519–609 m , 27 Jun 2009 . NIWA 69782 , 1 male ( 8.5 mm ), 1 female ( 7.8 mm ), Stn. TAN 0905/105, Iceberg Seamount , 44.157– 44.159°S , 174.554–174.557°W , 485–533 m , 26 Jun 2009 . NIWA 53773 , 1 male ( 5.3 mm ), 1 female ov. ( 7.6 mm ), Stn. TAN 0905/103, Iceberg Seamount , 44.158–44.158°S , 174.555–174.559°W , 520–650 m , 26 Jun 2009 . NIWA 54279 , 11 males (5.0–9.0 mm), 18 females ( 4.1–8.2 mm ), Stn. TAN 0905/119, Iceberg Seamount , 44.158–44.162°S , 174.555–174.552°W , 487–616 m , 28 Jun 2009 . NIWA 117998 , 1 male ( 4.4 mm ), Stn. TAN 0905/119, Iceberg Seamount , 44.158–44.162°S , 174.555–174.552°W , 487–616 m , 28 Jun 2009 . NIWA 21252 , 1 female ( 2.9 mm ) , NZOI Stn. G 328, 44.167°S , 179.100°W , 439 m , 01 Feb 1968 . NIWA 54199 , 1 male ( 3.6 mm ), 2 females (4.7, 6.9 mm ), Stn. TAN 0905/116, Ritchie Hill summit, 44.175–44.173°S , 174.552–174.556°W , 716–745 m , 27 Jun 2009 . NIWA 21290 , 1 female ov. ( 8.8 mm ) , NZOI Stn. E422, 44.25°S , 175°E , 615 m , 15 Oct 1965 . NIWA 21263 , 1 female ov. ( 5.3 mm ) , NZOI Stn. V363, 44.250°S , 178.999°W , 540 m , 07 Sep 1989 . NIWA 21187 , 4 specimens (not measured) , NZOI Stn. D 899, 44.383°S , 176.817°W , 370 m , 29 Mar 1969 . NIWA 21275 , 1 male ( 8.8 mm ) , NZOI Stn. Q25, 44.437°S , 176.640°W , 360 m , 22 Mar 1978 . NIWA 21175 , 1 female ( 7.3 mm ) , NZOI Stn. Q40, 44.492°S , 176.542°W , 345 m , 24 Mar 1978 . NIWA 21164 , 2 males (7.1, 7.5 mm ) , NZOI Stn. Q24, 44.495°S , 176.562°W , 320 m , 22 Mar 1978 . NIWA 21171 , 1 male ( 5.8 mm ) , NZOI Stn. E146, 44.5°S , 177°W , 664 m , 17 Oct 1964 . NIWA 117996 , 2 males (4.5, 4.7 mm ), 1 female ( 4.5 mm ), Stn. TAN 0705/111, 44.576–44.569°S , 176.079–176.086°W , 415– 265 m , 11 Apr 2007 . Canterbury Bight : NIWA 127194 , 3 males (7.8, 8.1, 8.5 mm ), 10 females (3.4–7.0 mm), RV Sonne Stn. SO 254/76 ROV 13, 45.027°S , 171.904°E , 678.3 m , 19 Feb 2017 . Southland : NIWA 10112 , 2 males (5.2, 5.8 mm ), 2 females (4.9, 5.5 mm ), H284, Milford Sound , 44.635°S , 167.895°E , 281 m , 04 Feb 1971 . NIWA 46413 , 1 female (broken carapace), Z15317 , Kellard , Doubtful Sound , 45.347°S , 167.020°E , 400 m , 23 Feb 2008 . NIWA 10882 , 1 female ( 3.5 mm ) , NZOI Stn. E 806, Chalky Inlet , 46.037°S , 166.583°E , 238 m , 21 Oct 1967 . NIWA 21161 , 1 male ( 8.4 mm ) , NZOI Stn. E 827, off Solander Island , 46.592°S , 166.742°E , 530 m , 24 Oct 1967 . NIWA 21159 , 1 female ov. ( 9.1 mm ) , NZOI Stn. E 827, off Solander Island , 46.592°S , 166.742°E , 530 m , 24 Oct 1967 . Bounty Plateau : NIWA 21178 , 1 male (broken carapace) , NZOI Stn. I 705, 47.5°S , 178.75°E , 390 m , 21 Mar 1973 . NIWA 21296 , 1 female ov. ( 7.5 m ) , NZOI Stn. S 70, 47.76°S , 178.513°E , 353 m , 26 Sep 1978 . NIWA 127150 , 1 male (6.0 mm) , RV Sonne Stn. SO 254/58 AGT 02, West of Bounty Islands , 47.800°S , 178.639°E , 335–337 m , 13 Feb 2017 . NIWA 21229 , 1 male ( 9.8 mm ) , NZOI Stn. I 704, 48°S , 178.483°E , 475 m , 21 Mar 1979 . NIWA 21280 , 1 female ov. ( 9.7 mm ) , NZOI Stn. S 64, 48.146°S , 179.878°E , 424 m , 25 Sep 1978 . NIWA 21177 , 1 male ( 6.3 mm ) , NZOI Stn. I 678, 48.167°S , 179.75°W , 457 m , 14 Mar 1979 . NIWA 11055 , 2 males (8.5, 9.8 mm ), 1 female ( 6.5 mm ) , NZOI Stn. I 679, 48.167°S , 180° , 327 m , 15 Mar 1979 . NIWA 10111 , 2 males (5.5, 6.7 mm ), 3 females (4.7, 5.0, 9.0 mm) , NZOI Stn. I 699, 48.267°S , 179°E , 532 m , 19 Mar 1979 . NIWA 21251 , 1 male ( 3.8 mm ) , NZOI Stn. T30, 48.348°S , 179.588°W , 720 m , 12 Mar 1981 . Campbell Plateau : NIWA 21151 , 1 female ov. ( 8.5 mm ) , NZOI Stn. S14, 48.288°S , 168.702°E , 607 m , 13 Sep 1978 . NIWA 127169 , 1 male (5.0 mm) , RV Sonne Stn. SO254/69 ROV 12, 49.098–49.098°S , 173.869–173.865°E , 539.7, 540 m , 17 Feb 2017 . NIWA 21181 , 1 female ( 5.8 mm ) , NZOI Stn. F105, 49.575°S , 170.950°E , 499 m , 20 Jan 1965 . NIWA 21276 , 1 female ov. ( 7.2 mm ) , NZOI Stn. S16, 49.833°S , 170.233°E , 593 m , 14 Sep 1978 . NIWA 21270 , 2 males (6.0, 8.3 mm ), 2 females (6.8, 7.3 mm ) , NZOI Stn. S22, 50.650°S , 167.660°E , 400 m , 17 Sep 1978 . NIWA 21162 , 4 males ( 4.7–10.7 mm ), 4 females (4.0– 8.5 mm ) , NZOI Stn. F136, 51.333°S , 172.700°E , 547 m , 30 Jan 1965 . NIWA 21230 , 1 female ( 6.9 mm ) , NZOI Stn. F148, 51.717°S , 173.533°E , 677 m , 02 Feb 1965 . NIWA 21163 , 1 male ( 8.4 mm ), 2 females (8.0, 8.4 mm ) , NZOI Stn. F147, 52.350°S , 173.150°E , 611 m , 01 Feb 1965 . NIWA 10883 , 1 female ( 4.3 mm ) , NZOI Stn. F 146, 53°S , 172.75°E , 435 m , 01 Feb 1965 . NIWA 21228 , 1 male ( 7.3 mm ) , NZOI Stn. S51, 53.265°S , 172.768°E , 501 m , 22 Sep 1978 . NIWA 21268 , 1 male ( 8.2 mm ), 2 females ov. (8.5, 7.6 mm ) , NZOI Stn. S48, 53.510°S , 172.400°E , 625 m , 22 Sep 1978 . NIWA 10115 , 1 male ( 7.6 mm ) , NZOI Stn. G927, 53.547°S , 172.277°E , 580 m , 12 Jan 1971 . AM P92564, 1 male ( 6.9 mm ), 2 females (5.7, 8.7 mm ) , RV Dimitry Mendeleev Cruise 16 Stn 1277, E of Auckland Islands , 51.000°S , 169.983°E , 570 m , 15 Jan 1976 . New South Wales , Australia : AM P21124, 1 female ( 3.1 mm ), K 75-06-04 , SE of Crowdy Head , 31.917–31.950°S, 153.133–153.117°E , 403–549 m , among sponges, 10 Sep 1975 . AM P66665, 2 females (3.0, 3.1 mm ), 4.8–6.4 km off Eden , 37.053°S , 150°E , 46–55 m , ST Goonambee , coll. A.A. Livingstone & H.O. Fletcher , May 1922 . AM P66666, 1 female (7.0 mm), off Botany Bay , 34°S , 151.25°E , coll. J.C. Jones. AM G5669 , 1 male ( 6.6 mm ), 1 female ov. ( 5.9 mm ), 2 females (6.1, 6.2 mm ), off Botany Bay , 34.00°S , 151.25°E , coll. J.C. Jones , 18 Sep 1906 . Victoria , Australia : AM E6158 , 1 male (4.0 mm) , S of Cape Everard , FIS Endeavour , 37.8°S , 149.267°E , 273 m . AM P17563, 2 males (3.1, 3.2 mm ) , 1 female 2.9 mm ), SW of Mount Cann , 38.25°S , 148.717°E , 128–183 m . Tasmania , Australia : AM E6170 , 1 female ( 6.4 mm ), about 25 km SE of St Helens Point , 41.435°S , 148.571°E , 110 m . AM P15817, 5 males (4.7– 2.7 mm ), 1 female ov. ( 2.9 mm ), “off coast”, 182 m , coll. C. Hedley. Diagnosis. Rostrum lateral margins straight or very slightly convex (in small specimens); subapical spines present. Carapace with transverse row of 4 epigastric spines; anterior metagastric ridge continuous, not medially interrupted. Abdominal tergite 3 with anterior and posterior transverse ridges. Thoracic sternite 3 anterior margin biconcave, with obtuse median projection. Antennular article 1 with 4 well-developed spines and minute second lateral spine: distomesial spine long, approximately reaching level of lower distolateral spine, distinctly overreached by upper distolateral and first lateral spines; second (proximal) lateral spine minute. Antennal article 1 mesial process distally reaching at least to level of second lateral antennular spine; article 2 distolateral spine distinctly larger than minute distomesial spine (if present). Article 3 distolateral spine minute or absent. Maxilliped 3 merus with 1 prominent spine on flexor margin. P2–4 dactylus extensor margin without upright spines at bases of movable spines. De s cription. Carapace : Length 0.9–1.0 × width; transverse ridges with dense short setae, and few scattered longer iridescent setae. Gastric region with 4 or 5 transverse ridges: 1 epigastric ridge of short scales, with 4 prominent spines in transverse row; 1 anterior protogastric ridge, uninterrupted and extending laterally to carapace margin; 1 medially uninterrupted mesogastric ridge, interrupted laterally by cervical groove; 1 anterior metagastric ridge, medially not usually interrupted, laterally interrupted by cervical groove; posterior gastric ridges short, scalelike. Mid-transverse ridge uninterrupted, preceded by shallow cervical groove, followed by 2 complete, uninterrupted ridges, intervened by 3 short lateral ridges and short, scale-like striae. Lateral margins medially convex, with 8 spines: 2 (anterolateral, hepatic) spines in front of and 6 spines (3 anterior branchial, 3 posterior branchial) behind distinct anterior cervical groove. Anterolateral spine largest of marginal spines, over-reaching lateral orbital spine. Hepatic spine small, set slightly mesially from lateral margin. Anterior branchial spines subequal in size. Posterior branchial spines with first spine subequal to anterior branchial spines, progressively smaller posteriorly. Rostrum 0.5–0.8 [0.7] × pcl, length-width ratio 2.3–[2.4], distance between basal rostral spines about 0.3 × carapace width; posterodorsal surface slightly concave, tip of rostrum upturned; lateral margin nearly always straight, only slightly convex even in smallest specimens ( Fig. 8L ), with distinct pair of sub-apical spines. Pterygostomian flap with small anterior spine; surface unarmed, with series of short striae. Thoracic sternum : Sternal plastron slightly wider than long (length-width ratio about 0.8), lateral margins divergent posteriorly. Sternite 3 width [2.0]–2.8 × length; anterior margin biconcave, with low, obtuse median projection, anterolaterally rounded or with small granule. Sternite 4 surface with short striae. Abdomen : Tergites 2 and 3 with 2 well-defined, uninterrupted transverse ridges; tergite 4 with anterior ridge only; tergites 5 and 6 smooth, without elevated ridges. Eye : Length about 1.4 × width, peduncle distally setose, not expanded proximally, with few short transverse striae on lateral surface; cornea not dilated. Antennule : Article 1 with 4 well-developed distal spines, distomesial spine long, approximately reaching lower distolateral spine; paired distolateral spines present; proximal lateral spine small to obsolescent. Antenna : Article 1 with prominent mesial process, distally distinctly overreaching peduncle and at least reaching level of lateral spine of antennule. Article 2 with distinct lateral spine, barely reaching midlength of article 3; mesial margin angular or with small spine distally. Article 3 with minute lateral spine or angular distally; mesial margin unarmed. Article 4 unarmed. Maxilliped 3 (Mxp3) : Ischium with pronounced distal spines on both flexor and extensor margins; crista dentata with regular row of spines along entire margin. Merus slightly shorter than ischium at midline, with strong distal spines on extensor margins, subequal in size to spine at midlength on flexor margin, otherwise unarmed. Cheliped : Subcylindrical, spiny, usually sparsely covered with setae; length 3.0–6.4 [4.0, 4.1] × pcl (males), 2.9–4.3 (females), 3.4–3.8 (ovigerous females); larger specimens generally with longer chelipeds. Ischiomerus 1.0– 2.5 [1.8] × pcl, proportionally longer with increasing body size, 2.2–3.7 [2.7, 2.8] × carpus length; with rows of spines, lateral and distal spines strongest. Carpus with rows of spines except on ventral surface, 1 or 2 lateral spines most prominent. Propodus palm 1–2 [1.6] × carpus length, length-width ratio 2.0–4.0 [2.6, 2.7], with 4 parallel rows of spines (2 mesial, 1 near dorsal midline, 1 close to lateral margin, with 1 or 2 spines on proximal portion of pollex. Dactylus [0.8]–1.1 × palm length; with row of spines along lateral crest; distally with row of spines along curved margin; tip excavated. Walking legs (P2–4) : Relatively robust, subcylindrical, moderately setose and spinose. Merus successively shorter posteriorly (P2 merus 1.1 × P3 merus length, P3 merus 1.2 × P4 merus length). P2 merus 0.7–1.0 [0.9] × pcl; 1.2 × P2 propodus length; length about 5 × width. P3 merus 1.0–1.1 × P3 propodus length; length about 4.5 × width. P4 merus 0.8–1.0 [0.9] × P4 propodus length; length about 4 × width. Extensor margins of P2 and P3 with regular rows of spines, proximally diminishing, with prominent distal spines; P4 extensor margin irregular but unarmed; distally with distinct spine; ventral margins irregular and with strong distal spine on all legs; P4 lateral surface with median row of [3] or 4 small spines, absent on other legs. Carpus extensor margin with 3 or 4 spines on P2–3, less pronounced or just irregular on P4; distal spine prominent on all legs; lateral row of 2–4 spines below extensor margin of all legs; flexor margin unarmed. P2–4 propodus length about 6 × height; extensor margin with few proximal spines on P2–3, small or absent on P4; flexor margin with 4 or 5 movable spines in addition to distal pair, size ranging from [slender] to robust. Dactyli 0.6 × propodus length, ending in incurved, strong, sharp spine; flexor margin with 9–[11] movable spines, otherwise unarmed. Eggs : Eggs at various developmental stages were noted, in all cases having a diameter of 0.4–0.6 mm . Clutch size is estimated at 100 to many hundreds. Colour in life. Body pale to light peach base colour, legs nearly transparent, lateral margins of carapace, abdomen and rostrum distinctly orange; major spines on chelipeds and carapace same orange colour, tips white. Darker orange patches arranged along centre of abdomen ( Fig. 15B ). Parasites . Thirty-six specimens (~9% infestation rate) bore a single bopyrid in the lateral branchial cavity, and one specimen (NIWA 21194 male) had a bopyrid on both sides. Two specimens (0.5% infestation rate) had a kentrogonid rhizocephalan externa visible under the abdomen. Association . Found on hydroids, in sponges and on rocks using the ROV KIEL6000 during the RV Sonne PoribacNewZ voyage (NIWA 127194). Size range. Male pcl 3.0– 10.7 mm , female pcl 2.2–9.7 mm (smallest female, NIWA 33681, confirmed by DNA), ovigerous female pcl ≥ 2.9 mm . Genetic data. COI sequences from 12 specimens of P . nui n. sp. ( holotype NIWA 33657 and paratypes and non-types from NIWA 24566, 33658, 33681, 33682, 33687, 33723 and 42691) were ≤ 1.5% divergent. Phylladiorhynchus nui n. sp. is sister to a clade containing P . australis n. sp. , from which it is about 8% divergent. These two species are morphologically most similar, and they are both distributed across the entire New Zealand continental shelf, but it appears that they are bathymetrically largely separated (see below). Etymology. Nui is the Polynesian (including Māori) term for large, referring to the comparably large body size of this species; used as a noun in apposition. Di s tribution. Southeastern Australia from New South Wales , Victoria and Tasmania , and around the entire New Zealand continental shelf, from the Northland shelf to the Chatham and Campbell Rise on the eastern and the fjords and Challenger Plateau on the western side, 46–1246 m , typically deeper than 200 m ( Fig. 3 inset). Remarks. Phylladiorhynchus nui n. sp. is the most common species of the genus in New Zealand , with samples from more than 150 stations examined here, representing more than 450 specimens . Of these specimens, 376 have been sexed and measured, the overall sex ratio is nearly 1:1 (47% male, 53% female) with 62 of the 199 examined females ovigerous. Nineteen specimens from Australia are reported here, some of which were studied by Haig (1973) and Ahyong & Poore (2004) from Victoria , New South Wales and Tasmania , but these also include two specimens collected from an atypically shallow location ( 46–55 m ) off Eden, New South Wales (AM P66665). In the New Zealand region, P . nui is nearly always collected at depths exceeding 200 m ( Fig. 3 inset). Phylladiorhynchus nui shows some notable morphological variability in the size of the movable spines on the walking leg propodi. The holotype represents the more typical form with comparatively small, slender, similarlysized spines along the propodal flexor margin. In about 15% of the specimens, however, one or more of the distal flexor propodal spines may be significantly enlarged ( Fig. 9 ), and this condition does not appear to correlate with size or sex. The position of the enlarged spines and the leg on which these might appear varies, and specimens bearing both the slender and enlarged spines are often collected from the same station. We have not observed similar variation in any other species of Phylladiorhynchus but consider such variation as intraspecific given the co-ocurrence of normal and enlarged-spine forms in both Australia and New Zealand , and the minimal COI sequence divergence between forms (~1%) (compare Fig. 8K , holotype , with Fig. 9E and F that have been sequenced). More typical variation includes the size and proportional length of the cheliped, ranging from 2.7 to 6.3 × pcl, with that of males more robust than in females. Interestingly, the cheliped fingers may be gaping in one male and not in a similarly-sized male from the same sample. For example, NIWA 21164 includes a male ( 7.1 mm ) with palm 4.0 times as long as wide and without gaping fingers, and a male ( 7.5 mm ) with distinctly gaping fingers and palm 2.0 times as long as wide. Such differences are in part allometric but may also be related to male-male mate competition ( Claverie & Smith 2007 , 2010 ). Phylladiorhynchus nui n. sp. belongs to the group of species of the ‘ pusillus ’ group, that have at least two pairs of epigastric spines, three spines in the anterior branchial region along the lateral carapace margin and a single mesial spine on the maxilliped 3 merus. Phylladiorhynchus nui n. sp. is distinctive in the following combination of characters: FIGURE 8. Phylladiorhynchus nui n. sp. , A–K, holotype male, 6.9 mm (NIWA 33657), L–M, female, 2.2 mm (NIWA 33681): A, carapace and abdomen, dorsal view. B, sternal plastron. C, telson. D, E, right and left cephalic regions, showing antennular, antennal peduncles and anterior portions of pterygostomian flap, ventral view. F, left Mxp3, lateral view. G, left cheliped, dorsal view. H–J, left P2–4, lateral view. K, left P2 propodus and dactylus, lateral view. L, anterior portion of carapace of smallest female. M, right antennular and antennal peduncles, ventral view, smallest female. Scale bars: 2 mm. FIGURE 9. Phylladiorhynchus nui n. sp. , comparative morphology of P2–4 propodi and dactyli: A, male 3.8 mm (NIWA 21251). B, male, 7.1 mm (NIWA 19428). C, female, 6.6 mm (NIWA 21195). D, male, 5.0 (NIWA 24567). E. female, 2.2 mm (NIWA 33681). F, male, 5.9 mm (NIWA 33682). G, male, 7.7 mm (NIWA 33682). Scale bars: 2 mm. - the lateral margins of the rostrum are nearly straight, even in the smallest specimens ( Fig. 8L ) (distinctly convex in both P . pusillus and P . australis n. sp. ) - the anterior metagastric ridge is nearly always continuous in both P . nui and P . australis (distinctly broken medially, creating two gentle arches in P . pusillus ) - the base of the antennule has only a very small or obsolescent lateral spine (small but always distinct in both P . pusillus and P . australis n. sp. ) - the mesial margins of antennal articles 2 and 3 are usually unarmed, at most with a distomesial granule (article 2 has a distinct mesial spine in P . pusillus and a small but distinct spine in P . australis n. sp. ) - the anterior margin of sternite 3 is distinctly scalloped in both P . nui and P . australis (convex and serrated in P . pusillus ) - the cheliped dactylus always has a row of spines along the extensor margin (both P . pusillus and P . australis have only a single proximal spine) - P . nui is overall much larger, pcl up to 10.7 mm , which overlaps but far exceeds the size range of P . australis (≤ 6.1 mm ) and P . pusillus (≤ 4.4 mm ). Phylladiorhynchus nui is an atypically deeply occurring species of the genus (down to 1246 m ) considering the usual bathymetric range of other congeners, which seldom exceed 500 m ( Baba et al . 2008 ). The median depth is 490 m for P . nui , compared to around 100 m for both P . australis and P . pusillus . The only other species known from comparable depths are P . ikedai , reported down to 510 m off New Caledonia ( Baba 1991 ), P. erebus n. sp. , here reported from 506 m , and P . spinosus n. sp. , from 570 m from off Norfolk Island .