Systematic revision of American Glaresidae (Coleoptera: Scarabaeoidea) Author Gordon, Robert D. Author Hanley, Guy A. text Insecta Mundi 2014 2014-01-10 2014 333 1 91 journal article 10.5281/zenodo.4645613 1942-1354 4645613 112A1F0B-1A82-4672-842B-A79A21F251D6 Glaresis confusa Brown Glaresis confusa Brown 1928: 75 ; Gordon 1970: 507 ; Ratcliffe and Paulsen 2008: 63 . Description . Male . Length 2.7 mm , width 1.6 mm ; body form short, robust, widened from elytral base to apical 1/3 ( Fig. 22A ). Color pale yellowish brown. Head with clypeal surface and frons densely rugose, impunctate, with small, irregular tubercles, setae short, barely evident; vertex without basal carina, surface rugose, without tubercles. Clypeal apex truncate or weakly emarginate, with small tubercles, appearing dentate, lateral angles feebly oblique, acute ( Fig. 22B ). Mandible pair symmetrical; mesal tooth strong; lateral prominence strong, pronounced; outer margin angulate. Pronotum with deep, long, transverse fovea in anterior 1/4 extended completely across pronotum, small, slightly transverse fovea on each side of middle in anterior 1/2, wide, deep fovea on each side medially near lateral margin, deep central furrow extended from base to transverse furrow; surface densely rugose, with irregular, mostly vertical, dense setae-bearing carinae, setae decumbent, 1/2 length of carinae. Anterior and lateral pronotal margins not bordered, all margins crenulate. Elytra with surface feebly shiny, densely microreticulate; all striae distinctly, strongly carinate, carinae narrowly interrupted adjacent to space between interval punctures, each carinal segment bearing an apical seta about 1/2 length of segment; intervals with deep, slightly rectangular punctures ( Fig. 22C ). Metasternum long, surface dull, finely, densely microreticulate, not tuberculate medially, laterally with some elongate, oblique, setae-bearing ridges, median area depressed, without carinae; metasternal groove weak, distinct, inner margin tapered, outer margin weakly ridged ( Fig. 22D ). Lateral protibial teeth unevenly spaced, basal two teeth close together. Mesotibia with 4 short, widely spaced spines laterally, distinctly projecting at apex, tibial projection apically acute ( Fig. 22D ). Posterior metatrochanteral margin lacking teeth, smooth, posterosuperior metatrochanteral surface with single tooth. Metafemoral surface with widely scattered, elongate, setae-bearing tubercles, microreticulate, dull throughout; width to length ratio 1.0:1.6, with broad flange on anterior margin; posterosuperior margin without teeth ( Fig. 22G ). Metatibia broadly triangular, surface entirely microreticulate, outer margin with small tooth at apical 2/3, and series of small, regular teeth from base to apex, an irregular row of coarse tubercles extended from base nearly to apex medially, inner margin smooth, pubescent ( Fig. 22F ). Apical margin of 5th abdominal ventrite slightly acute medially. Genitalia short, basal piece slightly shorter than parameres, proximal end straight; median lobe slightly shorter than parameres, twice as wide at middle as paramere, slightly curved upward in apical 1/3, apex broadly rounded in ventral view; paramere tapered in lateral view, not flattened, tapered from base to nearly truncate apex ( Fig. 21E ). Female. Apex of 5th abdominal ventrite weakly rounded. Variation . Length 2.7 to 2.9 mm , width 1.6 to 1.7 mm . Type locality . Utah , Iron Co., Cedar City, Coal Creek Canyon, 5700'. Type depository . KSUC. Temporal distribution . June-July. Geographical distribution . CANADA . Alberta : Tp. 1, Rge. 5, W. 4 ( Pinhorn Ranch 15 km south of Onefour ) . UNITED STATES . Colorado : Fremont Co. , 4mi. NE Canon City ; Nunn Co. , Pawnee Grassland . Nebraska : Dawes Co. , Chadron , Chadron State Park . New Mexico : Bernalillo Co. , Tijeras , 6600 '. South Dakota : Fall River Co. , Angostura Dam , S of Hot Springs. Utah : Iron Co. , Cedar City , Coal Creek Canyon, 5700 ; Wayne Co. , Bull Creek , 5000', 15 mi. S. Hanksville. ( CMNC ) ( CMNH ) ( CNIC ) ( USNM ) . Remarks . Most similar to G . howdeni , G . confusa is distinguished from that species by the small, sparse head tubercles, projecting, apically acuminate apex of mesotibia, form of male genitalia, and more eastern distribution. The mesotibial figure shows only 3 lateral spines because 1 has been broken off.