New or little-known Neotropical Dolichopodidae (Diptera) (II): genus Hercostomus Loew excluded from the Neotropics Author Soares, Matheus M. M. 0000-0002-2355-1441 Graduate Program in Entomology (PPG-Ent), Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia (INPA). & matheusmmsoares @ gmail. com; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 2355 - 1441 matheusmmsoares@gmail.com Author Capellari, Renato S. 0000-0002-8410-9235 Instituto Federal do Triângulo Mineiro, Campus Uberaba, Rua João Batista Ribeiro 4000, Distrito Industrial II, Uberaba, Minas Gerais 38064 - 790, Brazil. & rscapellari @ gmail. com; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 8410 - 9235 rscapellari@gmail.com Author Ale-Rocha, Rosaly 0000-0001-9874-9770 Coordenação de Biodiversidade (COBIO, INPA), Av. André Araújo, 2936, Petrópolis, CEP 69067 - 375, Manaus, Amazonas, Brazil. & alerocha @ inpa. gov. br; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0001 - 9874 - 9770 alerocha@inpa.gov.br text Zootaxa 2023 2023-03-10 5254 2 181 208 http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5254.2.2 journal article 233753 10.11646/zootaxa.5254.2.2 f252562c-4717-47ac-a322-24b63bd4ef49 1175-5326 7727356 413FCD68-A4B1-4EA0-A58F-63C9993AC08F Paraclius plumitarsis ( Parent, 1931 ) comb. nov. ( Figs 1 , 15 ) Hercostomus plumitarsis Parent, 1931: 12 , figs 36–38. Type locality: Sarampioni , Mapiri , Bolivia . Diagnosis (based on original description and photographs of male holotype ). Face wider than ocellar tubercle ( Fig. 1C ). Antenna yellow, except apical 3/4 of postpedicel brownish. Legs : mostly yellow, except basal half of lateral surface of coxae II and III, last tarsomere of tarsus I and II and entire tarsus III brownish ( Fig. 1A ). Coxa II with remarkable long and curved setae at apical edge ( Fig. 1A ). Tarsus I : It 1 with 1 short basiventral seta, It 2 with ventral row of conspicuous setae ( Fig. 1E ). Tarsus II with IIt 5 dorsoventrally flattened, with lateral fringe of hairs on each side. Wing brownish, R 4 +5 slightly curved posteriorly near apex, M 1 gently bent anteriorly distal to crossvein dm-m ( Fig. 1F ). Abdominal tergite 6 longer than wide, dark brown and bare ( Fig. 1B ); hypopygium distinctly shorter than abdomen, with cercus yellow, oval, with dark margins and long and black setae. Examined type material. HOLOTYPE ♁ (based on photographs) ( Fig. 1 ) labelled as: “Bolivia-Mapiri [ca 15°18′14.2″S 68°13′20.2″W ] | 9.iii.03 | Sarampioni 700m ” [green label]; “Typus | Hercostomus | plumitarsis | Par. [handwritten]” [red label] ( MTD ). FIGURE 1. Paraclius plumitarsis (Parent) comb. nov. , male holotype (MTD). A. Habitus, lateral view (arrow pointing to long, curved setae at apical edge of coxa II); B. Abdomen, lateral view; C. Head, anterior view; D. Labels; E. Tarsus I, posterior view; F. Right wing. Image F originally lacked scale bar. Photographs by Frauke Nielsen, MTD. Remarks. Paraclius plumitarsis comb. nov. is clearly part of a large lineage of Paraclius including P. venustus Aldrich and P. ovatus Van Duzee , discussed by Brooks (2005) , and recognized by males with ring-shaped sclerite surrounding the base of the phallus. Several described and undescribed species in this group share the distinctive dorsoventrally flattened IIt 5 with similar setation as in Paraclius plumitarsis comb. nov. (see Parent 1931 , fig. 37), such as P. kovascii Parent ( Bolivia ) and P. opulentus Van Duzee ( Chile ) . We found at least three different species from Santa Cruz , south Bolivia (CNC and INPA) with such a modified tarsus II and also conspicuously long setae at apical edge of coxa II. According to the original description, H. plumitarsis has a remarkable dorsal “apophysis” on tarsus I, but examination of available photographs of the male holotype do not show any visible enlargement ( Fig. 1E ). However, due to the poor state of conservation (male terminalia and tarsus II lost) it was not possible to associate H. plumitarsis with any of the species mentioned above. Distribution. Bolivia ( Fig. 15 ).