The order Zoantharia Rafinesque, 1815 (Cnidaria, Anthozoa: Hexacorallia): supraspecific classification and nomenclature Author Low, Martyn E. Y. Lee Kong Chian Museum of Natural History, National University of Singapore, 2 Conservatory Drive, Singapore 117377, Republic of Singapore & former address: Department of Marine and Environmental Sciences, Graduate School of Engineering and Science, University of the Ryukyus, 1 Senbaru, Nishihara, Okinawa 903 - 0213, Japan Author Sinniger, Frederic Tropical Biosphere Research Center, University of the Ryukyus, 3422 Sesoko, Motobu, Okinawa 905 - 0227, Japan Author Reimer, James Davis Molecular Invertebrate Systematics and Ecology (MISE) Laboratory, Department of Marine and Environmental Sciences, Graduate School of Engineering and Science, University of the Ryukyus, 1 Senbaru, Nishihara, Okinawa 903 - 0213, Japan; and Tropical Biosphere Research Center, University of the Ryukyus, 1 Senbaru, Nishihara, Okinawa 903 - 0213, Japan jreimer@sci.u-ryukyu.ac.jp text ZooKeys 2016 2016-12-14 641 1 80 http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.641.10346 journal article http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.641.10346 1313-2970-641-1 903D6413C8024864A662D71C50740E2D BB707A65FFDFFFFBFFFE8B61FFD5FF91 579464 Bergia Duchassaing de Fonbressin & Michelotti, 1860 Bergia Duchassaing de Fonbressin & Michelotti, 1860: 54. Type species. Bergia catenularis Duchassaing de Fonbressin & Michelotti, 1860, by subsequent designation by Duerden (1903 : 496). Gender. Feminine. Diagnosis. "... can be distinguished from all other zoantharians including Parazoanthus spp., Umimayanthus spp. and Epizoanthus spp. by a unique deletion of 60 bp (from position 133 to 192 in our alignment) and several consecutive base substitutions in the 16S-rDNA region. These characters clearly separate this genus from all other genera inside the family Parazoanthidae , as well as from the genus Epizoanthus " ( Montenegro et al. 2015a : 68). Remarks. Long considered to be a junior subjective synonym of Parazoanthus Haddon & Shackelton, 1891, recent molecular and morphological work by Montenegro et al. (2015a) have shown that the type species, Bergia catenularis Duchassaing de Fonbressin & Michelotti, 1860, represents a generic-level monophyly and resurrected the genus-group name Bergia Duchassaing de Fonbressin & Michelotti, 1860, for this grouping. This genus-grouping currently contains three species all found in the Atlantic Ocean, although there is evidence of undescribed species in the Pacific Ocean ( Montenegro et al. 2015a : 68). Examined species in this genus-grouping have either branchiform endodermal or simplified mesogleal sphincter muscles ( Swain et al. 2015 ).