Delimitation of the widely distributed Palearctic Stenodema species (Hemiptera, Heteroptera, Miridae): insights from molecular and morphological data Author Namyatova, Anna A. 0000-0001-9678-3430 Zoological Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences, Universitetskaya nab. 1, St. Petersburg 199034, Russia & All-Russian Institute of Plant Protection, Podbelskogo sh. 3, Pushkin, St. Petersburg, 196608, Russia Author Dzhelali, Polina A. 0000-0002-0741-3655 Zoological Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences, Universitetskaya nab. 1, St. Petersburg 199034, Russia Author Konstantinov, Fedor V. 0000-0002-7013-5686 Zoological Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences, Universitetskaya nab. 1, St. Petersburg 199034, Russia & National Museum of Natural History, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, 1 Tsar Osvoboditel Blvd, 1000 Sofia, Bulgaria text ZooKeys 2024 2024-08-13 1209 245 294 journal article 10.3897/zookeys.1209.124766 069B4575-16D4-4EC4-804D-AB4618C9AB43 Stenodema turanica Reuter, 1904 Figs 1 B, C , 2 C, I , 6 A – D, Q , 7 D – F , 8 , 10 A, E , 11 A – D Stenodema turanicum Reuter, 1904: 23 (original description); Carvalho 1959: 307 (catalogue); Wagner 1974: 112 (key to species). Stenodema turanica : Muminov 1989: 127 (key to species); Kerzhner and Josifov 1999: 196 (catalogue). 6 Type material examined. Lectotype of Stenodema turanicum Reuter, 1904 (designated here): Turkmenistan ; Kopet Dagh ; 38.06 ° N , 57.37 ° E ; no date provided; K. O. Ahnger ; ( http://id.luomus.fi/GZ.56573 ); ( MZH ) . Paralectotypes of Stenodema turanicum Reuter, 1904 : Kyrgyzstan2 ♀ ; Chiburgan [ Tschiburgan ] valley; 39.60 ° N , 70.65 ° E ; no date provided; A. P. Fedchenko ; ( http://id.luomus.fi/GZ.56577 , http://id.luomus.fi/GZ.56580 ); ( MZH ) ; Gulcha [Gulscha]; 40.31 ° N , 73.44 ° E ; no date provided; A. P. Fedchenko ; ( http://id.luomus.fi/GZ.56575 ); ( MZH ) Tajikistan : • Panjakent [Pendzhikent], valley of Zeravshan River ; 39.48 ° N , 67.60 ° E ; no date provided; A. P. Fedchenko ; ( AMNH_PBI 00345037 , http://id.luomus.fi/GZ.56652 ) ; • 2 ♀ ; ( AMNH_PBI 00345035 , http://id.luomus.fi/GZ.56650 ; AMNH_PBI 00345036 , http://id.luomus.fi/GZ.56651 ); ( MZH ) . Turkmenistan : • ; Kopet Dagh ; 38.06 ° N , 57.37 ° E ; no date provided; K. O. Ahnger ; ( http://id.luomus.fi/GZ.56579 ) ; • 2 ♀ ( http://id.luomus.fi/GZ.56578 , http://id.luomus.fi/GZ.56572 ); ( MZH ) Gokdepe [Geok-tepe]; 38.15 ° N , 57.95 ° E ; K. O. Ahnger ; ( http://id.luomus.fi/GZ.56574 ); ( MZH ) . Uzbekistan : • ; Shohimardon [Schagimardan]; 39.99 ° N , 71.81 ° E ; no date provided; A. P. Fedchenko ; ( http://id.luomus.fi/GZ.56576 ); ( MZH ) . Diagnosis. Body length in male 6.1–6.8, in female 6.6–7.3; frons protruding above clypeus base (Fig. 1 H, I ); labium reaching middle coxa (as in Fig. 1 N ); hind femur distinctly tapering towards apex, without spines, not enlarged, 6–8 × as long as wide (Fig. 2 C ); hind tibia curved basally (Fig. 2 I ); swelling on propleura curved (Fig. 1 H ); antennal segment I length / head width ratio in male 1.0, in female 0.9–1.0; antennal segment I length / pronotum length ratio 0.7–0.9 in male, 0.7 in female; antennal segment I not widened basally, its setae at base as dense as on other parts of this segment; setae of antennal segment I simple; antennal segment II length / head width ratio in male 3.1–3.5; groove on posterior part of mesopleuron absent (as in Fig. 1 M ); paired pits between calli absent (as in Fig. 1 G ); setae on posterior margin of hind femur denser than on other parts of femur, shorter than half of hind femur width (Fig. 2 C ); genital capsule only slightly longer than wide, acute apically, with outgrowth near left paramere socket (Fig. 6 Q ); right paramere ca 3 × as long as wide, its apical part as wide as basal part, apical process not bifurcate (Fig. 6 A ); left paramere with apical process acute in posterior view (Fig. 6 D ), its sensory lobe swollen (Fig. 6 B ); vesica with four membranous lobes (Figs 7 E, F , 8 A ); dorsal labiate plate as long as wide, sclerotized ring 2–3 × as long as wide; distance between sclerotized rings 4 × as long as sclerotized ring width; membranous swelling on dorsal labiate plate not covering sclerotized rings (Fig. 10 A ); posterior wall with dorsal structure and sigmoid process between interramal lobes, dorsal structure oval (Fig. 10 E ). Inflated vesica, S. laevigata , ZISP _ ENT 00002699 A dorsal view B left lateral view C ventral lateral view. S. turanica , ZISP _ ENT 00003618 D dorsal view E left lateral view F ventral lateral view. S. virens , ZISP _ ENT 00003616 G dorsal view H ventral view I left lateral view. Male genitalia of Brachytropis turanica . lectotype A inflated aedeagus. left lateral view B genital capsule C right paramere. dorsal view D left paramere. dorsal view. Distribution. Stenodema turanica is known from the Balkans, Caucasus, Turkey , Iraq , Iran , Central Asia, Mongolia , and northwestern China ( Kerzhner and Josifov 1999 ). Notes. Stenodema turanica was originally described ( Reuter 1904 ) from the type series collected by K. O. Ahnger and A. P. Fedchenko in Central Asia and retained at the Finnish Museum of Natural History ( MZH ). Due to the observed similarity of S. turanica with S. virens , here we designated the lectotype for Stenodema turanicum Reuter, 1904 , the male from Kopet Dagh mountains in Turkmenistan (Fig. 8 , http://id.luomus.fi/GZ.56573 ). Stenodema turanica and S. virens are very similar externally. According to Wagner (1974) , in S. turanica antennal segment II is twice as long as segments III and IV combined, whereas in S. virens this segment is only 1.5 × times as long as segments III and IV combined. Additionally, the setae on the inner margin of hind femur are inclined in S. virens , whereas they are straight in S. turanica . The setae on the hind femur are more or less the same in both species (Fig. 2 B, C ). We confirm that the antennal segment II is longer in males of S. turanica rather than in males of S. virens , in particular, antennal segment II / head width ratio is 3.1–3.5 in S. turanica and 2.4–2.6 in S. virens . However, we were unable to find reliable differences in female measurements. These two species differ from each other in both, male (compare Fig. 7 D – F and Fig. 7 G – I ) and female (compare Fig. 10 A, E and Fig. 10 C, D ) genitalia.